Wood Quality and Its Biological Basis PDF Download

Author: John R. Barnett
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849328190
Category : House & Home
Languages : en
Pages : 248

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Book Description
Perennial, wood density, tree growth, wood anatomy, reaction wood.

Author: John Barnett
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1405147814
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 240

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Book Description
Wood is the most versatile raw material available to man. It isburned as fuel, shaped into utensils, used as a structuralengineering material, converted into fibres for paper production,and put to newer uses as a source of industrial chemicals. Its quality results largely from the chemical and physicalstructure of the cell walls of its component fibres, which can bemodified in nature as the tree responds to physical environmentalstresses. Internal stresses can accumulate, which are releasedcatastrophically when the tree is felled, often rendering thetimber useless. The quality of timber as an engineering materialalso depends on the structure of the wood and the way in which ithas developed in the living tree. Tree improvement for quality cannot be carried out without anunderstanding of the biological basis underlying wood formation andstructure. This volume brings together the viewpoints of bothbiologists and physical scientists, covering the spectrum from theformation of wood to its structure and properties, and relatingthese properties to industrial use. This is a volume for researchers and professionals in plantphysiology, molecular biology and biochemistry.

Author: Michael Knee
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849397813
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 310

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Book Description
Fruit technology draws on biology and engineering to maintain quality during storage, distribution, and marketing. This book focuses on the biological processes that determine appearance, texture, taste, nutritional value, and flavor of fleshy fruits. It also focuses on the ways by which these biological processes can be manipulated to maximize quality for the consumer. It discusses the advances in the understanding of these procedures at the molecular level and the mode of action and limitations of current technology for postharvest handling of fruits. A concluding chapter examines prospects for the genetic control of fruit development, composition, and quality.

Author: Marios Soutsos
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351674625
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1085

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Book Description
This established textbook provides an understanding of materials’ behaviour through knowledge of their chemical and physical structure. It covers the main classes of construction materials: metals, concrete, other ceramics (including bricks and masonry), polymers, fibre composites, bituminous materials, timber, and glass. It provides a clear and comprehensive perspective on the whole range of materials used in modern construction, to form a must-have for civil and structural engineering students, and those on courses such as architecture, surveying and construction. It begins with a Fundamentals section followed by a section on each of the major groups of materials. In this new edition: - The section on fibre composites FRP and FRC has been completely restructured and updated. - Typical questions with answers to any numerical examples are given at the end of each section, as well as an instructor’s manual with further questions and answers. - The links in all parts have also been updated and extended, including links to free reports from The Concrete Centre, as well as other online resources and material suppliers’ websites. - and now with solutions manual and resources for adopting instructors on https://www.crcpress.com/9781498741101

Author: Peter Domone
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203927575
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 586

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Book Description
So far in the twenty-first century, there have been many developments in our understanding of materials’ behaviour and in their technology and use. This new edition has been expanded to cover recent developments such as the use of glass as a structural material. It also now examines the contribution that material selection makes to sustainable construction practice, considering the availability of raw materials, production, recycling and reuse, which all contribute to the life cycle assessment of structures. As well as being brought up-to-date with current usage and performance standards, each section now also contains an extra chapter on recycling. Covers the following materials: metals concrete ceramics (including bricks and masonry) polymers fibre composites bituminous materials timber glass. This new edition maintains our familiar and accessible format, starting with fundamental principles and continuing with a section on each of the major groups of materials. It gives you a clear and comprehensive perspective on the whole range of materials used in modern construction. A must have for Civil and Structural engineering students, and for students of architecture, surveying or construction on courses which require an understanding of materials.

Author: Mark Bacon
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 140514999X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 344

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Book Description
This is the first volume to provide comprehensive coverage of the biology of water use efficiency at molecular, cellular, whole plant and community levels. While several works have included the phenomenon of water use efficiency, and others have concentrated on an agronomic framework, this book represents the first detailed treatment with a biological focus. The volume sets out the definitions applicable to water use efficiency, the fundamental physiology and biochemistry governing the efficiency of carbon vs water loss, the environmental regulation of this process and the detailed physiological basis by which the plant exerts control over such efficiency. It is aimed at researchers and professionals in plant physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology, developmental biology and agriculture. It will also inform those involved in formulating research and development policy in this topic around the world.

Author: Lee A. Newsom
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107052068
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 353

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Book Description
It considers research involving archaeological wood in all forms, ranging from fuelwood to ships' timbers, from sites around the globe.

Author: Dennis P. Dykstra
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437926169
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 282

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Book Description
Explores the relationships between forest management activities and timber quality. Sessions were organized to explore models and simulation methodologies that contribute to an understanding of tree development over time and the ways that management and harvesting activities can influence the quality of timber products recovered from those trees. Five keynote addresses, 29 plenary presentations, and 16 poster presentations covered the full breadth of forest growth and timber quality issues related to forest management. These proceedings comprise 19 papers based on presentations and posters, plus 28 abstracts for presentations. Also includes abstracts and slides from the presentations prepared by three keynote speakers. Illustrations.

Author: Roger M. Rowell
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439853800
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 707

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Book Description
Wood has played a major role throughout human history. Strong and versatile, the earliest humans used wood to make shelters, cook food, construct tools, build boats, and make weapons. Recently, scientists, politicians, and economists have renewed their interest in wood because of its unique properties, aesthetics, availability, abundance, and perhaps most important of all, its renewability. However, wood will not reach its highest use potential until we fully describe it, understand the mechanisms that control its performance properties, and, finally, are able to manipulate those properties to give us the desired performance we seek. The Handbook of Wood Chemistry and Wood Composites analyzes the chemical composition and physical properties of wood cellulose and its response to natural processes of degradation. It describes safe and effective chemical modifications to strengthen wood against biological, chemical, and mechanical degradation without using toxic, leachable, or corrosive chemicals. Expert researchers provide insightful analyses of the types of chemical modifications applied to polymer cell walls in wood. They emphasize the mechanisms of reaction involved and resulting changes in performance properties including modifications that increase water repellency, fire retardancy, and resistance to ultraviolet light, heat, moisture, mold, and other biological organisms. The text also explores modifications that increase mechanical strength, such as lumen fill, monomer polymer penetration, and plasticization. The Handbook of Wood Chemistry and Wood Composites concludes with the latest applications, such as adhesives, geotextiles, and sorbents, and future trends in the use of wood-based composites in terms of sustainable agriculture, biodegradability and recycling, and economics. Incorporating decades of teaching experience, the editor of this handbook is well-attuned to educational demands as well as industry standards and research trends.

Author: Denis J. Murphy
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000715132
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 426

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Book Description
New research tools have revealed many surprising aspects of the dynamic nature of lipids and their participation in processes such as recognition, intra- and inter-cellular signalling, deterrence and defense against pathogens, membrane trafficking and protein function. This is in addition to new information on the more established roles of plant lipids as structural components of membranes and as long-term storage products. Plant lipids are also increasingly being seen as sources of a new generation of environmentally friendly, biodegradable, and renewable industrial products, including biopolymers and high-grade lubricants. Plant Lipids: Biology, Utilisation and Manipulation provides a broad overview of plant lipid research and its many applications. Linking various disciplines, the editor brings together researchers from major international laboratories to review the history and current state of progress in this quickly evolving field. The text starts by providing a fascinating historical perspective on the study of plant lipids, from its inception as a branch of alchemy in the seventeenth century to the current post-genomic era. It then offers a detailed discussion on the formation, modification and utilization of fatty acids. This is followed by an exploration of the major classes of macromolecular structures formed by plant lipids, including bilayer membranes and storage bodies. From there, the contributors consider other types of macromolecular lipid assemblies in plants, examining proteins and the key plant lipid structure - the cuticle. The final chapters look at diverse classes of plant lipids that are linked to various aspects of signaling. This text provides an excellent resource for researchers and professionals in plant biochemistry, molecular biology, biotechnology and genetics, in both the academic and industrial sectors. It also meets the needs of students looking for a comprehensive introduction to this field, as well as direction for fut