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Author: Ilianna Eden Anise Publisher: ISBN: Category : Animal ecology Languages : en Pages : 95
Book Description
My research contributed to a long-term study of small mammal and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) population dynamics over time in Morris County, specifically at Drew University and the Great Swamp Watershed Association. I used live trapping to gather data on small mammal populations and a fecal pellet index (FPI) and visual census to assess the white-tailed deer population. Overall, I was interested in how the population dynamics change over time, independently and interacting with each other. I also started weighing small mammals in an attempt to use weight to clarify small mammal age class. I found that changes occurred in four target mammal species (raccoon, Peromyscus spp., eastern chipmunk, and eastern gray squirrel) over time. Specifically, I noticed an increase in raccoon, squirrel, and Peromyscus spp. numbers but a decrease in chipmunk population from 2015-2016. The decrease in chipmunks is a result of older individuals not surviving whereas squirrel numbers increased due to their younger reproducing population. Similarly, the raccoon population had the highest number captured in 2016 compared to previous years, most likely caused by increased reproduction and a greater number of juveniles. In analyzing relationships between small mammal populations, my study documented a strong relationship between the squirrel and chipmunk populations. I found that over time, chipmunks and squirrels displayed a strong negative relationship in a lagged Pearson correlation and in 2016, I determined that either squirrel or chipmunk activity dominates the trapping grids at Drew University. Moreover, I found that squirrel activity was significantly higher at the Hepburn Woods site than at the President's House or the Zuck Arboretum sites, when comparing squirrel activity among Drew sites. My research displayed some interesting findings regarding small mammal weight measurements. On average, Drew University chipmunks and squirrels weighed more than their respective captures at the Great Swamp Watershed Association's sites. I was able to use weight as an indicator of determined age class in chipmunks and squirrels. I found no significant difference in adult weight based on sex. In looking at the impact of deer exclosures on small mammal activity, I found no significant impact from the deer exclosure on small mammal activity. My study of the white-tailed deer population at Drew University using the fecal pellet index and visual census indicated interesting shifts in the population over time. Of note, there was a marked decline in the population due to epizootic hemorrhagic disease in 2011. However, the population completely recovered in 3-4 years in 2015. By 2016, the population exhibited a crash, most likely due to an overshoot in carrying capacity. The visual census provided a conservative assessment of the age and sex distribution of the deer population. The visual census also indicated that the Drew University population exceeded carrying capacity in 2015, according to Tilghman (1989). The present findings of this thesis display the importance of long-term research with small mammal and white-tailed deer populations. Future research will continue to be essential in documenting how small mammal and white-tailed deer population dynamics change overtime.
Author: Ilianna Eden Anise Publisher: ISBN: Category : Animal ecology Languages : en Pages : 95
Book Description
My research contributed to a long-term study of small mammal and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) population dynamics over time in Morris County, specifically at Drew University and the Great Swamp Watershed Association. I used live trapping to gather data on small mammal populations and a fecal pellet index (FPI) and visual census to assess the white-tailed deer population. Overall, I was interested in how the population dynamics change over time, independently and interacting with each other. I also started weighing small mammals in an attempt to use weight to clarify small mammal age class. I found that changes occurred in four target mammal species (raccoon, Peromyscus spp., eastern chipmunk, and eastern gray squirrel) over time. Specifically, I noticed an increase in raccoon, squirrel, and Peromyscus spp. numbers but a decrease in chipmunk population from 2015-2016. The decrease in chipmunks is a result of older individuals not surviving whereas squirrel numbers increased due to their younger reproducing population. Similarly, the raccoon population had the highest number captured in 2016 compared to previous years, most likely caused by increased reproduction and a greater number of juveniles. In analyzing relationships between small mammal populations, my study documented a strong relationship between the squirrel and chipmunk populations. I found that over time, chipmunks and squirrels displayed a strong negative relationship in a lagged Pearson correlation and in 2016, I determined that either squirrel or chipmunk activity dominates the trapping grids at Drew University. Moreover, I found that squirrel activity was significantly higher at the Hepburn Woods site than at the President's House or the Zuck Arboretum sites, when comparing squirrel activity among Drew sites. My research displayed some interesting findings regarding small mammal weight measurements. On average, Drew University chipmunks and squirrels weighed more than their respective captures at the Great Swamp Watershed Association's sites. I was able to use weight as an indicator of determined age class in chipmunks and squirrels. I found no significant difference in adult weight based on sex. In looking at the impact of deer exclosures on small mammal activity, I found no significant impact from the deer exclosure on small mammal activity. My study of the white-tailed deer population at Drew University using the fecal pellet index and visual census indicated interesting shifts in the population over time. Of note, there was a marked decline in the population due to epizootic hemorrhagic disease in 2011. However, the population completely recovered in 3-4 years in 2015. By 2016, the population exhibited a crash, most likely due to an overshoot in carrying capacity. The visual census provided a conservative assessment of the age and sex distribution of the deer population. The visual census also indicated that the Drew University population exceeded carrying capacity in 2015, according to Tilghman (1989). The present findings of this thesis display the importance of long-term research with small mammal and white-tailed deer populations. Future research will continue to be essential in documenting how small mammal and white-tailed deer population dynamics change overtime.
Author: Timothy Edward Fulbright Publisher: Texas A&M University Press ISBN: 1603449515 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 330
Book Description
The original, 2006 edition of Timothy Edward Fulbright and J. Alfonso Ortega-S.’s White-Tailed Deer Habitat: Ecology and Management on Rangelands was hailed as “a splendid reference for the classroom and those who make their living from wildlife and the land” and as “filling a niche that is not currently approached in the literature.” In this second, full-color edition, revised and expanded to include the entire western United States and northern Mexico, Fulbright and Ortega-S. provide a carefully reasoned synthesis of ecological and range management principles that incorporates rangeland vegetation management and the impact of crops, livestock, predation, and population density within the context of the arid and semiarid habitats of this broad region. As landowners look to hunting as a source of income and to the other benefits of managing for wildlife, the clear presentation of the up-to-date research gathered in this book will aid their efforts. Essential points covered in this new edition include: White-tailed deer habitat requirements Nutritional needs of White-tailed deer Carrying capacity Habitat management Hunting Focused across political borders and written with an understanding of environments where periodic drought punctuates long-term weather patterns, this revised and expanded edition of White-Tailed Deer Habitat: Ecology and Management on Rangelands will aid landowners, researchers, and naturalists in their efforts to integrate land management and use with sound ecological practices.
Author: David G. Hewitt Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1482295989 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 668
Book Description
Winner of the Wildlife Society Outstanding Edited Book Award for 2013! Winner of the Texas Chapter of The Wildlife Society Outstanding Book Award for 2011! Winner of a CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title Award for 2011! Biology and Management of White-tailed Deer organizes and presents information on the most studied large mammal species in the world. The book covers the evolutionary history of the species, its anatomy, physiology, and nutrition, population dynamics, and ecology across its vast range (from central Canada through northern South America). The book then discusses the history of management of white-tailed deer, beginning with early Native Americans and progressing through management by Europeans and examining population lows in the early 1900s, restocking efforts through the mid 1900s, and recent, overabundant populations that are becoming difficult to manage in many areas. Features: Co-published with the Quality Deer Management Association Compiles valuable information for white-tailed deer enthusiasts, managers, and biologists Written by an authoritative author team from diverse backgrounds Integrates white-tailed deer biology and management into a single volume Provides a thorough treatment of white-tailed deer antler biology Includes downloadable resources with color images The backbone of many state wildlife management agencies' policies and a featured hunting species through much of their range, white-tailed deer are an important species ecologically, socially, and scientifically in most areas of North America. Highly adaptable and now living in close proximity to humans in many areas, white-tailed deer are both the face of nature and the source of conflict with motorists, home-owners, and agricultural producers. Capturing the diverse aspects of white-tailed deer research, Biology and Management of White-tailed Deer is a reflection of the resources invested in the study of the species’ effects on ecosystems, predator-prey dynamics, population regulation, foraging behavior, and browser physiology.
Author: Timothy Edward Fulbright Publisher: Texas A&M University Press ISBN: 1648430570 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 254
Book Description
In 2003, a cadre of researchers set out to determine what combination of supplemental or natural nutrition and white-tailed deer population density would produce the largest antlers on bucks without harming vegetation. They would come to call this combination “the sweet spot.” Over the course of their 15-year experiment, conducted through the Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute at Texas A&M University–Kingsville, Timothy E. Fulbright, Charles A. DeYoung, David G. Hewitt, Don A. Draeger, and 25 graduate students tracked the effects of deer density and enhanced versus natural nutrition on vegetation conditions. Through wet years and dry, in a semiarid environment with frequent droughts, they observed deer nutrition and food habits and analyzed population dynamics. Containing the results of this landmark, longitudinal study, in keeping with the Kleberg Institute’s mission, this volume provides science-based information for enhancing the conservation and management of Texas wildlife. Advanced White-Tailed Deer Management: The Nutrition–Population Density Sweet Spot presents this critical research for the first time as a reference for hunters, landowners, wildlife managers, and all those who work closely with white-tailed deer populations. It explains the findings of the Comanche-Faith Project and the implications of these findings for white-tailed deer ecology and management throughout the range of the species with the goal of improving management.
Author: William J. Mcshea Publisher: National Geographic Books ISBN: 1588340627 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Easily the most common of America’s large wildlife species, white-tailed deer are often referred to as "overabundant." But when does a species cross the threshold from common to overpopulated? This question has been the focus of debate in recent years among hunters, animal rights activists, and biologists. William McShea and his colleagues explore every aspect of the issue in The Science of Overabundance. Are there really too many deer? Do efforts to control deer populations really work? What broader lessons can we learn from efforts to understand deer population dynamics? Through twenty-three chapters, the editors and contributors dismiss widely held lore and provide solid information on this perplexing problem.
Author: Ilianna Eden Anise
Author: Ilianna Eden Anise
Author: William F. Porter
Author: Jonathan E. Hoeldtke
Author: Timothy Edward Fulbright
Author: Brian L. Cypher
Author: John L. Roseberry
Author: David G. Hewitt
Author: Timothy Edward Fulbright
Author: Alan Woolf
Author: William J. Mcshea