Object Recognition in Man, Monkey, and Machine PDF Download

Author: Michael J. Tarr
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262700702
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 228

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Book Description
The contributors bring a wide range of methodologies to bear on the common problem of image-based object recognition. These interconnected essays on three-dimensional visual object recognition present cutting-edge research by some of the most creative neuroscientific, cognitive, and computational scientists in the field. Cassandra Moore and Patrick Cavanagh take a classic demonstration, the perception of "two-tone" images, and turn it into a method for understanding the nature of object representations in terms of surfaces and the interaction between bottom-up and top-down processes. Michael J. Tarr and Isabel Gauthier use computer graphics to study whether viewpoint-dependent recognition mechanisms can generalize between exemplars of perceptually defined classes. Melvyn A. Goodale and G. Keith Humphrey use innovative psychophysical techniques to investigate dissociable aspects of visual and spatial processing in brain-injured subjects. D.I. Perrett, M.W. Oram, and E. Ashbridge combine neurophysiological single-cell data from monkeys with computational analyses for a new way of thinking about the mechanisms that mediate viewpoint-dependent object recognition and mental rotation. Shimon Ullman also addresses possible mechanisms to account for viewpoint-dependent behavior, but from the perspective of machine vision. Finally, Philippe G. Schyns synthesizes work from many areas, to provide a coherent account of how stimulus class and recognition task interact. The contributors bring a wide range of methodologies to bear on the common problem of image-based object recognition.

Author: Chi Hau Chen
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814497649
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 1045

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Book Description
The very significant advances in computer vision and pattern recognition and their applications in the last few years reflect the strong and growing interest in the field as well as the many opportunities and challenges it offers. The second edition of this handbook represents both the latest progress and updated knowledge in this dynamic field. The applications and technological issues are particularly emphasized in this edition to reflect the wide applicability of the field in many practical problems. To keep the book in a single volume, it is not possible to retain all chapters of the first edition. However, the chapters of both editions are well written for permanent reference. This indispensable handbook will continue to serve as an authoritative and comprehensive guide in the field.

Author: George Mather
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262133432
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 252

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Book Description
Motion perception lies at the heart of the scientific study of vision. The motion aftereffect (MAE) is the appearance of directional movement in a stationary object or scene after the viewer has been exposed to viusal motion in the opposite direction. For example, after one has looked at a waterfall for a period of time, the scene beside the waterfall may appear to move upward when one's gaze is transfered to it. Although the phenomenon seems simple, research has revealed copmlexities in the underlying mechanisms, and offered general lessons about how the brain processes visual information. In the 1990s alone, more than 200 papers have been published on MAE, largely inspired by improved techniques for examining brain electrophysiology and by emerging new theories of motion perception.

Author: Mary A. Peterson
Publisher:
ISBN: 0195313658
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 402

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Book Description
From a barrage of photons, we readily and effortlessly recognize the faces of our friends, and the familiar objects and scenes around us. However, these tasks cannot be simple for our visual systems--faces are all extremely similar as visual patterns, and objects look quite different when viewed from different viewpoints. How do our visual systems solve these problems? The contributors to this volume seek to answer this question by exploring how analytic and holistic processes contribute to our perception of faces, objects, and scenes. The role of parts and wholes in perception has been studied for a century, beginning with the debate between Structuralists, who championed the role of elements, and Gestalt psychologists, who argued that the whole was different from the sum of its parts. This is the first volume to focus on the current state of the debate on parts versus wholes as it exists in the field of visual perception by bringing together the views of the leading researchers. Too frequently, researchers work in only one domain, so they are unaware of the ways in which holistic and analytic processing are defined in different areas. The contributors to this volume ask what analytic and holistic processes are like; whether they contribute differently to the perception of faces, objects, and scenes; whether different cognitive and neural mechanisms code holistic and analytic information; whether a single, universal system can be sufficient for visual-information processing, and whether our subjective experience of holistic perception might be nothing more than a compelling illusion. The result is a snapshot of the current thinking on how the processing of wholes and parts contributes to our remarkable ability to recognize faces, objects, and scenes, and an illustration of the diverse conceptions of analytic and holistic processing that currently coexist, and the variety of approaches that have been brought to bear on the issues.

Author: Steven J. Luck
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199719365
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 347

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Book Description
Vision and memory are two of the most intensively studied topics in psychology and neuroscience. The present book concerns the interaction between vision and memory: How do we remember what we see? And how does our memory for the visual world influence subsequent perception and action? topics in psychology and neuroscience, and the intersection etween them--visual memory--is emerging as a fertile ground for research. Certain memory systems appear to specialize in This book provides a state-of-the-art account of visual memory systems. Each chapter is written by an internationally renowned researcher, who has made seminal contributions to the topic. The chapters are comprehensive, providing both a broad overview of each topic and a summary of the latest research. They also present new perspectives that advance our theoretical understanding of visual memory and suggest directions for future research. After an introductory overview by the editors, chapters address visual sensory memory (iconic memory), visual short-term memory, and the relationship between visual memory and eye movements. Visual long-term memory is then reviewed from several different perspectives, including memory for natural scenes, the relationship between visual memory and object recognition, and associative learning. The final chapters discuss the neural mechanisms of visual memory and neuropsychological deficits in visual memory. This book is a comprehensive guide to visual memory research that will be a valuable resource for both students and professionals.

Author: Tetsuro Matsuzawa
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 4431094237
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 597

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Book Description
Biologists and anthropologists in Japan have played a crucial role in the development of primatology as a scientific discipline. Publication of Primate Origins of Human Cognition and Behavior under the editorship of Tetsuro Matsuzawa reaffirms the pervasive and creative role played by the intellectual descendants of Kinji Imanishi and Junichiro Itani in the fields of behavioral ecology, psychology, and cognitive science. Matsuzawa and his colleagues-humans and other primate partners- explore a broad range of issues including the phylogeny of perception and cognition; the origin of human speech; learning and memory; recognition of self, others, and species; society and social interaction; and culture. With data from field and laboratory studies of more than 90 primate species and of more than 50 years of long-term research, the intellectual breadth represented in this volume makes it a major contribution to comparative cognitive science and to current views on the origin of the mind and behavior of humans.

Author: Koen Lamberts
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cognition
Languages : en
Pages : 456

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Book Description

Author: Roberto Cabeza
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262032803
Category : Brain
Languages : en
Pages : 440

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Book Description
With its strong theoretical focus, this book serves as an essential resource on the functional neuroimaging of cognitive processes and on the latest discoveries obtained through positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques. It is organized into three sections. The first covers the history and methods of PET and fMRI, as well as cognitive networks, showing how the brain regions involved in the different cognitive processes interact. The second part, the book's core, covers PET and fMRI findings in specific domains: attention, visual recognition, language, semantic memory, episodic memory, and working memory. The third part covers the effects of aging on brain activity during cognitive performance and also examines research with neuropsychologically impaired patients. ContributorsJeffrey Binder, Randy L. Buckner, Roberto Cabeza, Mark D'Esposito, Paul Downing, Russell Epstein, Karl J. Friston, John D.E. Gabrieli, Todd C. Handy, Joseph B. Hopfinger, Nancy Kanwisher, Zoe Kourtzi, Jessica M. Logan, George R. Mangun, Alex Martin, A.R. McIntosh, L. Nyberg, Cathy J. Price, Marcus E. Raichle

Author: Antonio Rodríguez-Sánchez
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889197980
Category : Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Languages : en
Pages : 292

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Book Description
Over the past 40 years, neurobiology and computational neuroscience has proved that deeper understanding of visual processes in humans and non-human primates can lead to important advancements in computational perception theories and systems. One of the main difficulties that arises when designing automatic vision systems is developing a mechanism that can recognize - or simply find - an object when faced with all the possible variations that may occur in a natural scene, with the ease of the primate visual system. The area of the brain in primates that is dedicated at analyzing visual information is the visual cortex. The visual cortex performs a wide variety of complex tasks by means of simple operations. These seemingly simple operations are applied to several layers of neurons organized into a hierarchy, the layers representing increasingly complex, abstract intermediate processing stages. In this Research Topic we propose to bring together current efforts in neurophysiology and computer vision in order 1) To understand how the visual cortex encodes an object from a starting point where neurons respond to lines, bars or edges to the representation of an object at the top of the hierarchy that is invariant to illumination, size, location, viewpoint, rotation and robust to occlusions and clutter; and 2) How the design of automatic vision systems benefit from that knowledge to get closer to human accuracy, efficiency and robustness to variations.

Author: Rodolfo Riascos Llinás
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262121989
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 348

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Book Description
Bringing together contributors working on a common problem but addressing different levels of brain organization by way of different tehniques, The Mind-Brain Continuum seeks to determine which scientific questions are most pressing as we move toward discovering the neurobiology of psychological processes. As the title implies, contributions are organized around the notion that mental activity is brain activity, providing a broad, integrated view of a particular subset of brain function. The focus is on sensory perception, processes that include somatosensory, auditory and olfactory processes, as well as research on vision.