Author: Mohammed Al-Mualla
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080520545
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 321
Book Description
In order for wireless devices to function, the signals must be coded in standard ways so that the sender and the receiver can communicate. This area of video source coding is one of the key challenges in the worldwide push to deliver full video communications over wireless devices. Video Coding for Mobile Communications reviews current progress in this field and looks at how to solve some of the most important technology issues in the months and years ahead. The vision of being able to communicate from anywhere, at any time, and with any type of information is on its way to becoming reality. This natural convergence of mobile communications and multimedia is a field that is expected to achieve unprecedented growth and commercial success. Current wireless communication devices support a number of basic multimedia services (voice, messages, basic internet access), but have coding problems that need to be solved before "real-time" mobile video communication can be achieved. - Addresses the emerging field of mobile multimedia communications
Video Coding for Mobile Communications
Author: Mohammed Al-Mualla
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080520545
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 321
Book Description
In order for wireless devices to function, the signals must be coded in standard ways so that the sender and the receiver can communicate. This area of video source coding is one of the key challenges in the worldwide push to deliver full video communications over wireless devices. Video Coding for Mobile Communications reviews current progress in this field and looks at how to solve some of the most important technology issues in the months and years ahead. The vision of being able to communicate from anywhere, at any time, and with any type of information is on its way to becoming reality. This natural convergence of mobile communications and multimedia is a field that is expected to achieve unprecedented growth and commercial success. Current wireless communication devices support a number of basic multimedia services (voice, messages, basic internet access), but have coding problems that need to be solved before "real-time" mobile video communication can be achieved. - Addresses the emerging field of mobile multimedia communications
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080520545
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 321
Book Description
In order for wireless devices to function, the signals must be coded in standard ways so that the sender and the receiver can communicate. This area of video source coding is one of the key challenges in the worldwide push to deliver full video communications over wireless devices. Video Coding for Mobile Communications reviews current progress in this field and looks at how to solve some of the most important technology issues in the months and years ahead. The vision of being able to communicate from anywhere, at any time, and with any type of information is on its way to becoming reality. This natural convergence of mobile communications and multimedia is a field that is expected to achieve unprecedented growth and commercial success. Current wireless communication devices support a number of basic multimedia services (voice, messages, basic internet access), but have coding problems that need to be solved before "real-time" mobile video communication can be achieved. - Addresses the emerging field of mobile multimedia communications
Mobile Multimedia Communications: Concepts, Applications, and Challenges
Author: Karmakar, Gour
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1591407680
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 420
Book Description
With rapid growth of the Internet, the applications of multimedia are burgeoning in every aspect of human life including communication networks and wireless and mobile communications. Mobile Multimedia Communications: Concepts, Applications and Challenges captures defining research on all aspects and implications of the accelerated progress of mobile multimedia technologies. Covered topics include fundamental network infrastructures, modern communication features such as wireless and mobile multimedia protocols, personal communication systems, mobility and resource management, and security and privacy issues. A complete reference to topics driving current and potential future development of mobile technologies, this essential addition to library collections will meet the needs of researchers in a variety of related fields.
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1591407680
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 420
Book Description
With rapid growth of the Internet, the applications of multimedia are burgeoning in every aspect of human life including communication networks and wireless and mobile communications. Mobile Multimedia Communications: Concepts, Applications and Challenges captures defining research on all aspects and implications of the accelerated progress of mobile multimedia technologies. Covered topics include fundamental network infrastructures, modern communication features such as wireless and mobile multimedia protocols, personal communication systems, mobility and resource management, and security and privacy issues. A complete reference to topics driving current and potential future development of mobile technologies, this essential addition to library collections will meet the needs of researchers in a variety of related fields.
Mobile Communications Handbook on CD-ROM
Author: Jerry D. Gibson
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0849321670
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 674
Book Description
On one easy to use CD-ROM, The Mobile Communications Handbook on CD-ROM covers: Principles of analog and digital communication with cordless telephones Wireless local area networks (LANs) International technology standards. Cellular mobile radio Personal communication systems User location and addressing Wireless data and technology standards Its tremendous scope and ease of use makes Mobile Communications on CD-ROM the primary reference for every aspect of mobile communications. Mobile Communications Handbook on CD-ROM is exactly what you need to keep up with this growing and evolving field.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0849321670
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 674
Book Description
On one easy to use CD-ROM, The Mobile Communications Handbook on CD-ROM covers: Principles of analog and digital communication with cordless telephones Wireless local area networks (LANs) International technology standards. Cellular mobile radio Personal communication systems User location and addressing Wireless data and technology standards Its tremendous scope and ease of use makes Mobile Communications on CD-ROM the primary reference for every aspect of mobile communications. Mobile Communications Handbook on CD-ROM is exactly what you need to keep up with this growing and evolving field.
Next-Generation Video Coding and Streaming
Author: Benny Bing
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119133327
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 344
Book Description
Reviews the new High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard and advancements in adaptive streaming technologies for use in broadband networks and the Internet This book describes next-generation video coding and streaming technologies with a comparative assessment of the strengths and weaknesses. Specific emphasis is placed on the H.265/HEVC video coding standard and adaptive bit rate video streaming. In addition to evaluating the impact of different types of video content and powerful feature sets on HEVC coding efficiency, the text provides an in-depth study on the practical performance of popular adaptive streaming platforms and useful tips for streaming optimization. Readers will learn of new over-the-top (OTT) online TV advancements, the direction of the broadband telecommunications industry, and the latest developments that will help keep implementation costs down and maximize return on infrastructure investment. Reviews the emerging High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard and compares its coding performance with the MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) and MPEG-2 standards Provides invaluable insights into the intra and inter coding efficiencies of HEVC, such as the impact of hierarchical block partitioning and new prediction modes Evaluates the performance of the Apple and Microsoft adaptive streaming platforms and presents innovative techniques related to aggregate stream bandwidth prediction, duplicate chunk Includes end-of-chapter homework problems and access to instructor slides Next-Generation Video Coding and Streaming is written for students, researchers, and industry professionals working in the field of video communications. Benny Bing has worked in academia for over 20 years. He has published over 80 research papers and 12 books, and has 6 video patents licensed to industry. He has served as a technical editor for several IEEE journals and an IEEE Communications Society Distinguished lecturer. He also received the National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) Technology Innovation Award for demonstrations of advanced media technologies.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119133327
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 344
Book Description
Reviews the new High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard and advancements in adaptive streaming technologies for use in broadband networks and the Internet This book describes next-generation video coding and streaming technologies with a comparative assessment of the strengths and weaknesses. Specific emphasis is placed on the H.265/HEVC video coding standard and adaptive bit rate video streaming. In addition to evaluating the impact of different types of video content and powerful feature sets on HEVC coding efficiency, the text provides an in-depth study on the practical performance of popular adaptive streaming platforms and useful tips for streaming optimization. Readers will learn of new over-the-top (OTT) online TV advancements, the direction of the broadband telecommunications industry, and the latest developments that will help keep implementation costs down and maximize return on infrastructure investment. Reviews the emerging High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard and compares its coding performance with the MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) and MPEG-2 standards Provides invaluable insights into the intra and inter coding efficiencies of HEVC, such as the impact of hierarchical block partitioning and new prediction modes Evaluates the performance of the Apple and Microsoft adaptive streaming platforms and presents innovative techniques related to aggregate stream bandwidth prediction, duplicate chunk Includes end-of-chapter homework problems and access to instructor slides Next-Generation Video Coding and Streaming is written for students, researchers, and industry professionals working in the field of video communications. Benny Bing has worked in academia for over 20 years. He has published over 80 research papers and 12 books, and has 6 video patents licensed to industry. He has served as a technical editor for several IEEE journals and an IEEE Communications Society Distinguished lecturer. He also received the National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) Technology Innovation Award for demonstrations of advanced media technologies.
Video coding standards
Author: K. R. Rao
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789400767416
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
The requirements for multimedia (especially video and audio) communications increase rapidly in the last two decades in broad areas such as television, entertainment, interactive services, telecommunications, conference, medicine, security, business, traffic, defense and banking. Video and audio coding standards play most important roles in multimedia communications. In order to meet these requirements, series of video and audio coding standards have been developed such as MPEG-2, MPEG-4, MPEG-21 for audio and video by ISO/IEC, H.26x for video and G.72x for audio by ITU-T, Video Coder 1 (VC-1) for video by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) and RealVideo (RV) 9 for video by Real Networks. AVS China is the abbreviation for Audio Video Coding Standard of China. This new standard includes four main technical areas, which are systems, video, audio and digital copyright management (DRM), and some supporting documents such as consistency verification. The second part of the standard known as AVS1-P2 (Video - Jizhun) was approved as the national standard of China in 2006, and several final drafts of the standard have been completed, including AVS1-P1 (System - Broadcast), AVS1-P2 (Video - Zengqiang), AVS1-P3 (Audio - Double track), AVS1-P3 (Audio - 5.1), AVS1-P7 (Mobile Video), AVS-S-P2 (Video) and AVS-S-P3 (Audio). AVS China provides a technical solution for many applications such as digital broadcasting (SDTV and HDTV), high-density storage media, Internet streaming media, and will be used in the domestic IPTV, satellite and possibly the cable TV market. Comparing with other coding standards such as H.264 AVC, the advantages of AVS video standard include similar performance, lower complexity, lower implementation cost and licensing fees. This standard has attracted great deal of attention from industries related to television, multimedia communications and even chip manufacturing from around the world. Also many well known companies have joined the AVS Group to be Full Members or Observing Members. The 163 members of AVS Group include Texas Instruments (TI) Co., Agilent Technologies Co. Ltd., Envivio Inc., NDS, Philips Research East Asia, Aisino Corporation, LG, Alcatel Shanghai Bell Co. Ltd., Nokia (China) Investment (NCIC) Co. Ltd., Sony (China) Ltd., and Toshiba (China) Co. Ltd. as well as some high level universities in China. Thus there is a pressing need from the instructors, students, and engineers for a book dealing with the topic of AVS China and its performance comparisons with similar standards such as H.264, VC-1 and RV-9.
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789400767416
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
The requirements for multimedia (especially video and audio) communications increase rapidly in the last two decades in broad areas such as television, entertainment, interactive services, telecommunications, conference, medicine, security, business, traffic, defense and banking. Video and audio coding standards play most important roles in multimedia communications. In order to meet these requirements, series of video and audio coding standards have been developed such as MPEG-2, MPEG-4, MPEG-21 for audio and video by ISO/IEC, H.26x for video and G.72x for audio by ITU-T, Video Coder 1 (VC-1) for video by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) and RealVideo (RV) 9 for video by Real Networks. AVS China is the abbreviation for Audio Video Coding Standard of China. This new standard includes four main technical areas, which are systems, video, audio and digital copyright management (DRM), and some supporting documents such as consistency verification. The second part of the standard known as AVS1-P2 (Video - Jizhun) was approved as the national standard of China in 2006, and several final drafts of the standard have been completed, including AVS1-P1 (System - Broadcast), AVS1-P2 (Video - Zengqiang), AVS1-P3 (Audio - Double track), AVS1-P3 (Audio - 5.1), AVS1-P7 (Mobile Video), AVS-S-P2 (Video) and AVS-S-P3 (Audio). AVS China provides a technical solution for many applications such as digital broadcasting (SDTV and HDTV), high-density storage media, Internet streaming media, and will be used in the domestic IPTV, satellite and possibly the cable TV market. Comparing with other coding standards such as H.264 AVC, the advantages of AVS video standard include similar performance, lower complexity, lower implementation cost and licensing fees. This standard has attracted great deal of attention from industries related to television, multimedia communications and even chip manufacturing from around the world. Also many well known companies have joined the AVS Group to be Full Members or Observing Members. The 163 members of AVS Group include Texas Instruments (TI) Co., Agilent Technologies Co. Ltd., Envivio Inc., NDS, Philips Research East Asia, Aisino Corporation, LG, Alcatel Shanghai Bell Co. Ltd., Nokia (China) Investment (NCIC) Co. Ltd., Sony (China) Ltd., and Toshiba (China) Co. Ltd. as well as some high level universities in China. Thus there is a pressing need from the instructors, students, and engineers for a book dealing with the topic of AVS China and its performance comparisons with similar standards such as H.264, VC-1 and RV-9.
Compressed Video Communications
Author: Abdul H. Sadka
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN:
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 306
Book Description
The compression schemes applied for the storage and transmission of digital video data leave content sensitive to transmission errors, information loss and quality degradation. Recent developments in error resilience techniques allow improved quality of service of video communication over a range of network platforms. Digital video communications, supported by the Internet, ATM networks and Broadband ISDN, have undergone significant development over the past few years. Emerging applications include videoconferencing, tele-medicine and distance learning. This leading edge text addresses the problems associated with the delivery and design of video communication services. * Presents a comprehensive overview of the principles and techniques employed in the improvement of the performance of video codecs in error prone environments * Provides a performance evaluation and comparison of video coding standards, MPEG-4, H.261 and H.263 * Outlines methods of video communication over mobile networks * Provides guidance on quality enhancement and the meeting Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for digital video communications * Accompanying CD-ROM containing video clips to illustrate the coding and error resilience technology described within the text A valuable resource for researchers and postgraduate students working with video communication technology, as well as practising electronic and communications engineers designing and implementing video communication systems and consultants working in the video, television, computing and communications industries.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN:
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 306
Book Description
The compression schemes applied for the storage and transmission of digital video data leave content sensitive to transmission errors, information loss and quality degradation. Recent developments in error resilience techniques allow improved quality of service of video communication over a range of network platforms. Digital video communications, supported by the Internet, ATM networks and Broadband ISDN, have undergone significant development over the past few years. Emerging applications include videoconferencing, tele-medicine and distance learning. This leading edge text addresses the problems associated with the delivery and design of video communication services. * Presents a comprehensive overview of the principles and techniques employed in the improvement of the performance of video codecs in error prone environments * Provides a performance evaluation and comparison of video coding standards, MPEG-4, H.261 and H.263 * Outlines methods of video communication over mobile networks * Provides guidance on quality enhancement and the meeting Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for digital video communications * Accompanying CD-ROM containing video clips to illustrate the coding and error resilience technology described within the text A valuable resource for researchers and postgraduate students working with video communication technology, as well as practising electronic and communications engineers designing and implementing video communication systems and consultants working in the video, television, computing and communications industries.
The Mobile Communications Handbook
Author: Jerry D. Gibson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540648369
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 744
Book Description
In a single volume, this handbook covers the entire field -- from principles of analog and digital communications to cordless telephones, wireless LANs, and international technology standards. The tremendous scope of this second edition ensures that its serving as the primary reference for every aspect of mobile communications. Details and references follow preliminary discussions, providing readers with the most accurate information available on the particular topic.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540648369
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 744
Book Description
In a single volume, this handbook covers the entire field -- from principles of analog and digital communications to cordless telephones, wireless LANs, and international technology standards. The tremendous scope of this second edition ensures that its serving as the primary reference for every aspect of mobile communications. Details and references follow preliminary discussions, providing readers with the most accurate information available on the particular topic.
Mobile Communications Handbook
Author: Jerry D. Gibson
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439817243
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 813
Book Description
With 26 entirely new and 5 extensively revised chapters out of the total of 39, the Mobile Communications Handbook, Third Edition presents an in-depth and up-to-date overview of the full range of wireless and mobile technologies that we rely on every day. This includes, but is not limited to, everything from digital cellular mobile radio and evolving personal communication systems to wireless data and wireless networks Illustrating the extraordinary evolution of wireless communications and networks in the last 15 years, this book is divided into five sections: Basic Principles provides the essential underpinnings for the wide-ranging mobile communication technologies currently in use throughout the world. Wireless Standards contains technical details of the standards we use every day, as well as insights into their development. Source Compression and Quality Assessment covers the compression techniques used to represent voice and video for transmission over mobile communications systems as well as how the delivered voice and video quality are assessed. Wireless Networks examines the wide range of current and developing wireless networks and wireless methodologies. Emerging Applications explores newly developed areas of vehicular communications and 60 GHz wireless communications. Written by experts from industry and academia, this book provides a succinct overview of each topic, quickly bringing the reader up to date, but with sufficient detail and references to enable deeper investigations. Providing much more than a "just the facts" presentation, contributors use their experience in the field to provide insights into how each topic has emerged and to point toward forthcoming developments in mobile communications.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439817243
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 813
Book Description
With 26 entirely new and 5 extensively revised chapters out of the total of 39, the Mobile Communications Handbook, Third Edition presents an in-depth and up-to-date overview of the full range of wireless and mobile technologies that we rely on every day. This includes, but is not limited to, everything from digital cellular mobile radio and evolving personal communication systems to wireless data and wireless networks Illustrating the extraordinary evolution of wireless communications and networks in the last 15 years, this book is divided into five sections: Basic Principles provides the essential underpinnings for the wide-ranging mobile communication technologies currently in use throughout the world. Wireless Standards contains technical details of the standards we use every day, as well as insights into their development. Source Compression and Quality Assessment covers the compression techniques used to represent voice and video for transmission over mobile communications systems as well as how the delivered voice and video quality are assessed. Wireless Networks examines the wide range of current and developing wireless networks and wireless methodologies. Emerging Applications explores newly developed areas of vehicular communications and 60 GHz wireless communications. Written by experts from industry and academia, this book provides a succinct overview of each topic, quickly bringing the reader up to date, but with sufficient detail and references to enable deeper investigations. Providing much more than a "just the facts" presentation, contributors use their experience in the field to provide insights into how each topic has emerged and to point toward forthcoming developments in mobile communications.
Rate-Quality Optimized Video Coding
Author: Yoo-Sok Saw
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461551250
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 199
Book Description
Rate-Quality Optimized Video Coding discusses the matter of optimizing (or negotiating) the data rate of compressed digital video and its quality, which has been a relatively neglected topic in either side of image/video coding and tele-traffic management. Video rate management becomes a technically challenging task since it is required to maintain a certain video quality regardless of the availability of transmission or storage media. This is caused by the broadband nature of digital video and inherent algorithmic features of mainstream video compression schemes, e.g. H.261, H.263 and MPEG series. In order to maximize the media utilization and to enhance video quality, the data rate of compressed video should be regulated within a budget of available media resources while maintaining the video quality as high as possible. In Part I (Chapters 1 to 4) the non-stationarity of digital video is discussed. Since the non-stationary nature is also inherited from algorithmic properties of international video coding standards, which are a combination of statistical coding techniques, the video rate management techniques of these standards are explored. Although there is a series of known video rate control techniques, such as picture rate variation, frame dropping, etc., these techniques do not view the matter as an optimization between rate and quality. From the view of rate-quality optimization, the quantizer is the sole means of controling rate and quality. Thus, quantizers and quantizer control techniques are analyzed, based on the relationship of rate and quality. In Part II (Chapters 5 and 6), as a coherent approach to non-stationary video, established but still thriving nonlinear techniques are applied to video rate-quality optimization such as artificial neural networks including radical basis function networks, and fuzzy logic-based schemes. Conventional linear techniques are also described before the nonlinear techniques are explored. By using these nonlinear techniques, it is shown how they influence and tackle the rate-quality optimization problem. Finally, in Chapter 7 rate-quality optimization issues are reviewed in emerging video communication applications such as video transcoding and mobile video. This chapter discusses some new issues and prospects of rate and quality control in those technology areas. Rate-Quality Optimized Video Coding is an excellent reference and can be used for advanced courses on the topic.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461551250
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 199
Book Description
Rate-Quality Optimized Video Coding discusses the matter of optimizing (or negotiating) the data rate of compressed digital video and its quality, which has been a relatively neglected topic in either side of image/video coding and tele-traffic management. Video rate management becomes a technically challenging task since it is required to maintain a certain video quality regardless of the availability of transmission or storage media. This is caused by the broadband nature of digital video and inherent algorithmic features of mainstream video compression schemes, e.g. H.261, H.263 and MPEG series. In order to maximize the media utilization and to enhance video quality, the data rate of compressed video should be regulated within a budget of available media resources while maintaining the video quality as high as possible. In Part I (Chapters 1 to 4) the non-stationarity of digital video is discussed. Since the non-stationary nature is also inherited from algorithmic properties of international video coding standards, which are a combination of statistical coding techniques, the video rate management techniques of these standards are explored. Although there is a series of known video rate control techniques, such as picture rate variation, frame dropping, etc., these techniques do not view the matter as an optimization between rate and quality. From the view of rate-quality optimization, the quantizer is the sole means of controling rate and quality. Thus, quantizers and quantizer control techniques are analyzed, based on the relationship of rate and quality. In Part II (Chapters 5 and 6), as a coherent approach to non-stationary video, established but still thriving nonlinear techniques are applied to video rate-quality optimization such as artificial neural networks including radical basis function networks, and fuzzy logic-based schemes. Conventional linear techniques are also described before the nonlinear techniques are explored. By using these nonlinear techniques, it is shown how they influence and tackle the rate-quality optimization problem. Finally, in Chapter 7 rate-quality optimization issues are reviewed in emerging video communication applications such as video transcoding and mobile video. This chapter discusses some new issues and prospects of rate and quality control in those technology areas. Rate-Quality Optimized Video Coding is an excellent reference and can be used for advanced courses on the topic.
Mobile and Wireless Communications
Author: Peter Smyth
Publisher: IET
ISBN: 0863413684
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 412
Book Description
The following topics are dealt with: Future of mobile and wireless communications; optical radio-a review of a radical new technology for wireless access infrastructure; wireless LANs-present and future; future applications of bluetooth; ultrawideband and its capabilities; ad hoc wireless networks; scalability, capacity and local connectivity in ad hoc networks; the role of ad hoc networks in mobility; securing mobile ad hoc networks - a motivational approach; the use of satellite for multimedia communications; evolving systems beyond 3G-the 1st brain and mind projects; economic tussles in the public mobile access market; enabling applications deployment on mobile networks; the parlay API-allowing third party application providers safe and secure access to network capabilities; radio spectrum management for tetherless communications; mobile multimedia services; multimodality-the future of the wireless user interface; mobile video-streaming; a social history of the mobile telephone with a view of its future.
Publisher: IET
ISBN: 0863413684
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 412
Book Description
The following topics are dealt with: Future of mobile and wireless communications; optical radio-a review of a radical new technology for wireless access infrastructure; wireless LANs-present and future; future applications of bluetooth; ultrawideband and its capabilities; ad hoc wireless networks; scalability, capacity and local connectivity in ad hoc networks; the role of ad hoc networks in mobility; securing mobile ad hoc networks - a motivational approach; the use of satellite for multimedia communications; evolving systems beyond 3G-the 1st brain and mind projects; economic tussles in the public mobile access market; enabling applications deployment on mobile networks; the parlay API-allowing third party application providers safe and secure access to network capabilities; radio spectrum management for tetherless communications; mobile multimedia services; multimodality-the future of the wireless user interface; mobile video-streaming; a social history of the mobile telephone with a view of its future.