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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309452961 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 583
Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309452961 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 583
Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author: Vasileios A. Tzanakakis Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3039433067 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 290
Book Description
This Book includes selected papers that has been published in the Water journal Special Issue (SI) on Water Supply and Water Scarcity. Moreover, an overview of the SI is included. The papers selected for publication in the SI include review and research papers on water history, on water management issues under water scarcity regimes, on rainwater harvesting, on water quality and degradation, and on climatic variability impacts on water resources. Overall, the issue identify and highlight the main challenges in water sector, and particularly in management and protection of water resources and in use of alternative (non-conventional) water resources, especially in areas with demographic change and climate vulnerability in order to achieve sustainable and secure water supply. Furthermore, general guidelines and possible solutions for an improved and sophisticated water management system are proposed and discussed, such as the adoption of advanced technological solutions and practices that improve water-use efficiency and the use of alternative water resources, to address the growing environmental and health issues and to reduce the emerging conflicts among water users.
Author: Stephane Hallegatte Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 1464814317 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 316
Book Description
Infrastructure—electricity, telecommunications, roads, water, and sanitation—are central to people’s lives. Without it, they cannot make a living, stay healthy, and maintain a good quality of life. Access to basic infrastructure is also a key driver of economic development. This report lays out a framework for understanding infrastructure resilience - the ability of infrastructure systems to function and meet users’ needs during and after a natural hazard. It focuses on four infrastructure systems that are essential to economic activity and people’s well-being: power systems, including the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity; water and sanitation—especially water utilities; transport systems—multiple modes such as road, rail, waterway, and airports, and multiple scales, including urban transit and rural access; and telecommunications, including telephone and Internet connections.
Author: Dr. Johannes Lehmann Publisher: Earthscan ISBN: 1849770557 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 449
Book Description
"Biochar is the carbon-rich product when biomass (such as wood, manure, or crop residues) is heated in a closed container with little or no available air. It can be used to improve agriculture and the environment in several ways, and its stability in soil and superior nutrient-retention properties make it an ideal soil amendment to increase crop yields. In addition to this, biochar sequestration, in combination with sustainable biomass production, can be carbon-negative and therefore used to actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, with major implications for mitigation of climate change. Biochar production can also be combined with bioenergy production through the use of the gases that are given off in the pyrolysis process.This book is the first to synthesize the expanding research literature on this topic. The book's interdisciplinary approach, which covers engineering, environmental sciences, agricultural sciences, economics and policy, is a vital tool at this stage of biochar technology development. This comprehensive overview of current knowledge will be of interest to advanced students, researchers and professionals in a wide range of disciplines"--Provided by publisher.
Author: C. V. Raman Publisher: ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 674
Book Description
This volume contains 55 publications in the field of Acoustics and includes the famous landmark paper On the Mechanical Theory of Vibration of Bowed Strings--perhaps the most important contribution to the theory of violins since Helmholtz, and also the English translation of Raman's celebrated monograph, Musik instrumente und ihre Klange (Musical Instruments and Their Tones) in the Springer Encyclopaedia of Physics. The volume includes six remarkable papers on the acoustics of Indian musical instruments--the mridangam and tabla, the only percussion instruments in the world that produce harmonic vibrations, and the tanpura and veena.
Author: Carlo Secchi Publisher: Ledizioni ISBN: 8855262696 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
In a world on the brink of a global recession caused by the COVID-19 global pandemic, the infrastructure efforts of today and tomorrow are more crucial than ever. For one, they are an indispensable countercyclical tool to mitigate the negative effects of the economic paralysis. But they also constitute a pivotal component for a country's development, raising its competitiveness in the long term. That is why infrastructure will continue to play a critical role even when the pandemic crisis has been tamed. Rapid demographic growth, increasing urbanization, especially in developing countries, coupled with the ounting challenge posed by climate change, are trends that are not going to disappear with the virus. How to cope with these global, long-term trends? How to finance the increasing need for infrastructure? Which major international actors will take the lead? And what role will technology play in shaping the future of infrastructure?
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309444535 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 193
Book Description
Cities have experienced an unprecedented rate of growth in the last decade. More than half the world's population lives in urban areas, with the U.S. percentage at 80 percent. Cities have captured more than 80 percent of the globe's economic activity and offered social mobility and economic prosperity to millions by clustering creative, innovative, and educated individuals and organizations. Clustering populations, however, can compound both positive and negative conditions, with many modern urban areas experiencing growing inequality, debility, and environmental degradation. The spread and continued growth of urban areas presents a number of concerns for a sustainable future, particularly if cities cannot adequately address the rise of poverty, hunger, resource consumption, and biodiversity loss in their borders. Intended as a comparative illustration of the types of urban sustainability pathways and subsequent lessons learned existing in urban areas, this study examines specific examples that cut across geographies and scales and that feature a range of urban sustainability challenges and opportunities for collaborative learning across metropolitan regions. It focuses on nine cities across the United States and Canada (Los Angeles, CA, New York City, NY, Philadelphia, PA, Pittsburgh, PA, Grand Rapids, MI, Flint, MI, Cedar Rapids, IA, Chattanooga, TN, and Vancouver, Canada), chosen to represent a variety of metropolitan regions, with consideration given to city size, proximity to coastal and other waterways, susceptibility to hazards, primary industry, and several other factors.
Author: Ajit Varki Publisher: CSHL Press ISBN: 9780879696818 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 694
Book Description
Sugar chains (glycans) are often attached to proteins and lipids and have multiple roles in the organization and function of all organisms. "Essentials of Glycobiology" describes their biogenesis and function and offers a useful gateway to the understanding of glycans.
Author: Justyna Płotka-Wasylka Publisher: Springer ISBN: 981139105X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 460
Book Description
The book explains the principles and fundamentals of Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) and highlights the current developments and future potential of the analytical green chemistry-oriented applications of various solutions. The book consists of sixteen chapters, including the history and milestones of GAC; issues related to teaching of green analytical chemistry and greening the university laboratories; evaluation of impact of analytical activities on the environmental and human health, direct techniques of detection, identification and determination of trace constituents; new achievements in the field of extraction of trace analytes from samples characterized by complex composition of the matrix; “green” nature of the derivatization process in analytical chemistry; passive techniques of sampling of analytes; green sorption materials used in analytical procedures; new types of solvents in the field of analytical chemistry. In addition green chromatography and related techniques, fast tests for assessment of the wide spectrum of pollutants in the different types of the medium, remote monitoring of environmental pollutants, qualitative and comparative evaluation, quantitative assessment, and future trends and perspectives are discussed. This book appeals to a wide readership of the academic and industrial researchers. In addition, it can be used in the classroom for undergraduate and graduate Ph.D. students focusing on elaboration of new analytical procedures for organic and inorganic compounds determination in different kinds of samples characterized by complex matrices composition.Jacek Namieśnik was a Professor at the Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Poland. Justyna Płotka-Wasylka is a teacher and researcher at the same department.
Author: Carrie P. Hunter Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0824746457 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 591
Book Description
This book presents comprehensive assessment and up-to-date discussion of the epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of cancer in the elderly, highlighting the growing demands of the disease, its biology, individual susceptibility, the impact of state-of-the-art and emerging therapies on reducing morbidity, and decision making processes. Describ
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Vasileios A. Tzanakakis
Author: Stephane Hallegatte
Author: Dr. Johannes Lehmann
Author: C. V. Raman
Author: Carlo Secchi
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Ajit Varki
Author: Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
Author: Carrie P. Hunter