Author: Vicente Rives Publisher: Nova Publishers ISBN: 9781590330609 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 518
Book Description
Layered double hydroxides are one of the variety of names given to a family of layered materials first discovered in Sweden in 1842. These materials are interesting because their layer cations can be changed among a wide selection, and the interlayer anion can also be (nearly) freely chosen. Like cationic clays, they can be pillared and can exchange interlayer species -- thus increasing applications and making new routes to derivatives. The principle areas of application include catalyst support, anion scavengers, polymer stabilisers, and antacids. In the last several years, reviews and studies of LDHs have dealt with these uses. This book aims to update the current body of LDH knowledge from a wide array of views. The first section addresses the synthesis and physiochemical characterisation of these materials, and section two focuses on the applications of LDHs.
Author: Amit Bhatnagar Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers ISBN: 1608052699 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 543
Book Description
Among various water and wastewater treatment technologies, the adsorption process is considered better because of lower cost, simple design and easy operation. Activated carbon (a universal adsorbent) is generally used for the removal of diverse types of pollutants from water and wastewater. Research is now being directed towards the modification of carbon surfaces to enhance its adsorption potential towards specific pollutants. However, widespread use of commercial activated carbon is sometimes restricted especially in developing or poor countries due to its higher costs. Attempts are therefore being made to develop inexpensive adsorbents utilizing abundant natural materials, agricultural and industrial waste materials. Use of waste materials as low-cost adsorbents is attractive due to their contribution in the reduction of costs for waste disposal, therefore contributing to environmental protection. This e-book explores knowledge on recent developments in adsorbents synthesis and their use in water pollution control. This handy reference work is intended for researchers and scientists actively engaged in the study of adsorption and the development and application of efficient adsorption technology for water treatment. This e-book covers a wide range of topics including modeling aspects of adsorption process and the applications of conventional and non-conventional adsorbents in water remediation emphasizing sorption mechanisms of different pollutants on the adsorbents.
Author: Tarun Gupta Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811505403 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 479
Book Description
This book discusses contamination of water, air, and soil media. The book covers health effects of such contamination and discusses remedial measures to improve the situation. Contributions by experts provide a comprehensive discussion on the latest developments in the detection and analysis of contaminants, enabling researchers to understand the evolution of these pollutants in real time and develop more accurate source apportionment of these pollutants. The contents of this book will be of interest to researchers, professionals, and policy makers alike.
Author: Suprakas Sinha Ray Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128219602 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 422
Book Description
The deterioration of water quality and unavailability of drinkable water are pressing challenges worldwide. The removal of toxic organic and inorganic pollutants from water is vital for a clean environment, as a response to water scarcity. Adsorption-based water technologies are among the most widely used because of their high efficiency and low cost, without relying on a complex infrastructure. In recent years, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), such as graphene and derivatives, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, nanoporous carbon, fullerenes, graphitic carbon nitride, and nanodiamonds have been extensively exploited as adsorbents due to their extraordinary surface properties, ease of modification, large surface area, controlled structural varieties, high chemical stability, porosity, low density, ease of regeneration, and reusability. This book provides a thorough overview of the state of the art in carbon nanomaterials as they are used for adsorption applications in water purifications, as well as addressing their toxicological challenges. This volume primarily explores the fundamentals of adsorption, its mechanical aspects, synthesis and properties of CNMs, and adsorption performances of CNMs and their nanocomposites with organic and inorganic materials. Structural engineering and activation processes produce materials with enhanced adsorptive properties and separation efficiencies. Furthermore, the formation of CNMs with 2D and 3D macro-and microstructures and high porosities is a potential approach to improve adsorption performances and extend CNM use at the industrial level. The book also addresses important issues regarding these adsorbents that potentially affect future research and industrial applications of carbon-based nanoadsorbents in water security. - Presents advances in multifunctional 3D superstructures of carbon nanomaterials and their composites for adsorption applications - Outlines the fundamentals on synthesis and characterization techniques of carbon-based nanostructures and their composites - Assesses the major toxicological challenges in using nanostructured materials as adsorbents for water purification
Author: William Hayes Publisher: Courier Dover Publications ISBN: 9780486438665 Category : Crystal optics Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This authoritative graduate-level text describes inelastic light scattering by crystals and its use in the investigation of solid-state excitation, with experimental techniques common to all types of excitation. 1978 edition.
Author: Ravindra Kumar Gautam Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann ISBN: 0128047410 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 368
Book Description
Nanomaterials for Wastewater Remediation introduces techniques for nanoparticle formation and their benefits in environmental cleanup, as well as their recent advances and applications in wastewater treatment. The book follows a sequential approach for the treatment of wastewater, presenting state-of-the-art techniques for the characterization and measurement of nanomaterials. Nanoparticles represent a promising new technology for wastewater remediation, not only because of their high treatment efficiency, but also for their cost effectiveness, as they have the flexibility for in situ and ex situ applications. New methods for developing nanomaterials with less environmental risk are described. Nanomaterials such as magnetic nanoparticles and graphene-based nanocomposites are discussed in detail. Also includes in-depth analyses of the ecotoxicological impacts of nanomaterials and the latest findings on the transport and fate of nanomaterials in the environment. - Covers methods for the characterization of nanomaterials using advanced instrumental techniques - Includes innovative methods for developing new nanomaterials while lessening their environmental risk - Provides the latest methods for determining the transport and fate of nanomaterials in the environment - Discusses in detail nanomaterials such as magnetic nanoparticles and graphene-based nanocomposites
Author: Rajib Lochan Goswamee Publisher: Nova Science Publishers ISBN: 9781685073817 Category : Electronic books Languages : en Pages : 407
Book Description
"Currently, Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH) is a hot area of research on inorganic layered materials. The present book, Applications of Layered Double Hydroxides, edited by Dr. Rjib Lochan Goswamee and Dr. Pinky Saikia, is a collection of articles from various researchers from different parts of the world mainly on structure and property relationships of various types of LDH and their related application prospects. How these application prospects can be related to the most pressing problems of humanity like drug delivery, global warming, green catalysis, electrochemical energy storage and generation etc. are clearly discussed in the articles inside. The book provides a thorough up-to-date review of recent literature on applications of LDH available in the global scientific and technical media. For example, the book lucidly describes the behaviour of LDH nanocarriers in biological fluids, their low cytotoxicity and high levels of cellular internalization, and high drug loading capacity. Similarly, the book examines why hybrid nanocomposites of LDH-MOF are considered promising materials due to their diverse functionality, flexible properties and tailored end-use properties. Likewise, application of LDH in secondary batteries and electro-chemical supercapacitors with a thorough up-to-date review is included in the book. Also, basic research articles on structural properties and measurements of a special class of unique LDH Li-Al-LDHs are included. Editors also have written their own articles on their findings on the prospective application of dispersions of LDH nanocomposites on structured catalysts for green-house gas emission. Overall, the book gives a short glimpse of wonderful opportunities that LDH can provide in solving many global socio-economic problems of today"--
Author: Gaurav Sharma Publisher: Materials Research Forum LLC ISBN: 1644901358 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 340
Book Description
Photocatalysis is important in fighting environmental pollution, such as pharmaceutical effluents, dyes, pesticides and endocrine disruptors. It is also used for the production of clean energy, e.g. by way of hydrogen production from watersplitting, or CO2 conversion into fuels. Further, photocatalytic N2 fixation is promising for achieving sustainable ammonia synthesis. The book discusses new materials and reaction engineering techniques, such as heterojunction formations, composites, ion exchangers, photocatalytic membranes, etc. Keywords: Photocatalysis, Pollutant Degradation and Mineralization, Pharmaceutical Effluents, Dyes, Pesticides, Endocrine Disruptors, Water Detoxification, Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production, CO2 Conversion into Fuels, N2 Fixation, Degradation of Organic Molecules, Heavy Metal Removal from Water, Photocatalytic Membranes, Carbon Nitride for Photocatalytic Applications, Carbon Nanotubes, Nanohybrids, Composite Ion Exchangers, Perovskites-based Nano Heterojunctions.
Author: Shahid Ul Islam Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119407788 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 402
Book Description
This comprehensive book deals with the use of novel materials such as plant-derived agents and advanced nanocomposites for the removal of heavy metals, nitrates, and synthetic dyes. Water is an essential component for living organisms on planet earth and its pollution is one of the critical global environmental issues today. The influx of significant quantities of organic and inorganic waste, sediments, surfactants, synthetic dyes, sewage, and heavy metals into all types of water bodies has been increasing substantially over the past century due to rapid industrialization, population growth, agricultural activities, and other geological and environmental changes. These pollutants are very dangerous and are posing serious threat to us all. Advanced Materials for Wastewater Treatment brings together innovative methodologies and research strategies to remove toxic effluents from wastewaters. With contributions from leading scientists from all around the world, the book provides a comprehensive coverage of the current literature, up-to-date overviews of all aspects of toxic chemical remediation including the role of nanomaterials. Together they showcase in a very lucid manner an array of technologies that complement the traditional as well as advanced treatment practices of textile effluents. In particular, the book provides: Up-to-date overviews of all aspects of toxic chemical remediation The role of plants and abundantly available agro-wastes in the remediation of wastewater The removal of nitrates from wastewater using nanocomposites
Author: Vicente Rives
Author: Amit Bhatnagar
Author: Tarun Gupta
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Author: Suprakas Sinha Ray
Author: William Hayes
Author: Ravindra Kumar Gautam
Author: Rajib Lochan Goswamee
Author: Gaurav Sharma
Author: Shahid Ul Islam