Author: Josep García SireraPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural wastes
Languages : en
Pages : 168
Book Description
Use of Composting as an Alternative Method of Dead Swine Disposal
Author: Josep García SireraPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural wastes
Languages : en
Pages : 168
Book Description
Composting
Author: On-farm Composting Handbook
Author: Robert RynkPublisher:
ISBN: 9780935817195
Category : Compost
Languages : en
Pages : 186
Book Description
Benefits and drawbacks; The composing process; Raw materials; Composting methods; Composting operations; Management; Site and environmental considerations; Using compost; Marketing agricultural compost; Farm composting economics: focus on production costs; Other options for waste management and composting; Characteristics of raw materials; Equipment tables; Troubleshooting and management guide; Work sheets and forms; Environmental agencies; Metric conversions.
Development Document for the Proposed Revisions to the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Regulation and the Effluent Guidelines for Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations
Author: Carcass management guidelines
Author: Miller, L.P., Miknis, R.A. and Flory, G.A..Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251337438
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 56
Book Description
Animal disease outbreaks pose many challenges for response authorities that can impact livelihoods, food security, and the environment. Proper disposal of animal carcasses that die or are culled during the outbreak is a key component of a successful response to a disease outbreak because it helps prevent or mitigate the further spread of pathogens and in case of zoonotic disease, to further protect human health. The practical guidelines presented hereby provide carcass and related waste management considerations and recommended procedures for use by Veterinary Services and other official response authorities when developing animal disease outbreak containment and eradication plans. The guidelines apply to animal disease outbreaks of varying sizes, whether the outbreak is isolated to a single premise or spans a region to cover numerous premises. However, they are focused on small to medium-sized holdings in countries without access to engineered landfills, rendering plants or controlled incinerators. The guidelines are written in the spirit of “keep it simple and doable”, considering the limited human and financial resources that many countries are constrained with. Its presentation and practical approach ensure that countries will find it very useful for their emergency operation procedures toolbox. Further, the guidelines directly contribute to the one-health approach by protecting the health of animals, humans, and the environment.
Code of Federal Regulations
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Administrative law
Languages : en
Pages : 1052
Book Description
Special edition of the Federal Register, containing a codification of documents of general applicability and future effect ... with ancillaries.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
Author: American Veterinary Medical AssociationPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Veterinary medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1042
Book Description
Vols. for 1915-49 and 1956- include the Proceedings of the annual meeting of the association.
Composting as an Alternative Method to Dispose of Slaughterhouse Wastes in Puerto Rico
Author: Rebeka Sanabria-LeónPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Animal industry
Languages : en
Pages : 178
Book Description
Composting Animal Mortality
Author: Composting as a Method for On-farm Mass Mortality Disposal
Author: Paige Elizabeth DoklovicPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Animals
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Three studies were completed to address common challenges related to composting mass animal mortalities. The first study investigated the impact of water-based depopulation foam (WBDF) and straw on composting whole swine carcasses. For trial 1 (148 days), two windrows were constructed, and each was split into two halves: one half including WBDF and the other without. One windrow core consisted of sawdust and carcasses; the other windrow core consisted of sawdust, carcasses, and chopped rye straw. For trial 2 (101 days), two windrows were constructed, both containing WBDF. One windrow core consisted of sawdust and carcasses, whereas the other windrow core consisted of sawdust, carcasses, and wheat straw. Windrows were turned on days 80 and 58 for trials 1 and 2, respectively. Continuous automatic temperatures, weekly handheld temperatures, percent moisture, pH, and totals of Nitrogen, Carbon, organic matter, ash, Phosphorus, and Potassium were measured. Pathogen-destructive temperatures (≥55 °C, ≥131 °F) were achieved in all treatments for both trials. Compacted straw during turning and intact straw at designated trial endpoints was observed. In conclusion, data provided evidence that whole swine carcasses ± WBDF will decompose in a windrow core of sawdust ± straw. The second study investigated the composting efficacy of ground turkey carcasses blended with different amounts of carbon amendment for 50 days. Mechanically ground turkey carcasses were mixed with carbon amendment to achieve four different core compost ratios (weight/weight): 0.25:1; 0.5:1; 0.75:1; and 1:1. Compost mixtures were placed into 208-L (55-gal) reactors that simulated a full-sized windrow. Each reactor had a base and cap of carbon amendment. Continuous automatic temperatures and compost weight, volume, bulk density, porosity, percent moisture, total Nitrogen, and total Carbon were measured. All treatments were able to reach thermophilic temperatures (43-63 °C, 110-150 °F) and effectively decompose carcass tissue. Data indicated that composting ratios evaluated could all be scaled up for future studies. The third study investigated the effects of poultry carcass grinding and core carbon amendment optimization on mortality composting efficiency, in both 208-L (55-gal) reactors and full-sized, outdoor windrows. Four reactors and four windrows were constructed from turkey carcasses and carbon amendment which were passed concurrently through a horizontal grinder according to each of the following carbon:carcass ratios (w/w): 0.25:1, 0.5:1, 0.75:1 and 1:1. A fifth whole carcass windrow was also created. Windrows were each turned three times over a 92-day period; compost within each reactor was mixed three times over a 56-day period. Weekly handheld temperatures, visual observations, and soil samples were collected in the windrow trial. Carbon dioxide emissions and compost weights and volumes were measured in the reactor trial. Continuous automatic temperatures, bulk density, percent moisture, pH, and totals of Nitrogen, Carbon, organic matter, ash, Phosphorus, and Potassium were measured in both trials. Thermophilic composting temperatures were achieved in all treatments of both trials. Additional results indicate physical and chemical similarities across treatments upon completion of composting. In total, data suggested that ground carcasses could fully decompose with as much as a 75 percent reduction in core carbon amendment.