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Author: United States. Congress Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781984191021 Category : Languages : en Pages : 34
Book Description
U.S. policy challenges in North Africa : hearing before the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, June 6, 2007.
Author: United States. Congress Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781984191021 Category : Languages : en Pages : 34
Book Description
U.S. policy challenges in North Africa : hearing before the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, June 6, 2007.
Author: Ian O. Lesser Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 87
Book Description
The emotional reaction across North Africa during the Gulf War, and the deepening turmoil in Algeria as the country grapples with an assertive Islamic movement, have awakened Western interest in the prospects for stability along the southern shore of the Mediterranean. The alarming demographic imbalance between north and south and the resulting flow of migrants to an increasingly inhospitable Europe is now a feature of the European security debate. To these concerns must be added the risk of nuclear and ballistic missile proliferation emanating from Libya and Algeria. Among foreign and security policy elites and publics in southern Europe, France, and to a growing degree in Europe as a whole, it has become fashionable to refer to a new arc of crisis in the south. Previous RAND reports have charted this new aspect of the European security environment and the significance for U.S. policy. The North African dimension of the evolving security situation in the Mediterranean was not systematically explored in these reports, except as it was reflected in the views of southern Europeans. This report attempts to fill this gap, focusing on regional developments as seen from the south. The report discusses the prospects for stability in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia, identifies regional flash-points, and assesses the implications for U.S. policy.
Author: Irene Fernandez Molina Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 100005537X Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 166
Book Description
Foreign Policy in North Africa explores how the foreign policies of North African states, which occupy a peripheral and subaltern position within the global system, have actively responded to the constraints and opportunities stemming from multi-level transformations in the 2010s. What has been the extent of continuity and change in each country’s foreign policy-making and behaviour under such conditions? Which structural and agential factors explain the variations observed, or the lack thereof? Building on scholarship on foreign policy in the Global South and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) as well as the international impact of the 2011 Arab uprisings, case studies on six different countries focus on a specific level of analysis for each. These range from the global (Tunisia’s financial predicaments and foreign debt negotiations) through the (sub)regional (Egypt’s relationship of necessity with Saudi Arabia, Algeria’s half-hearted policies towards the conflicts in Libya and Mali) to the domestic sphere (Morocco’s power balance between the monarchy and the Islamist-led government, Libya’s extreme state weakness and internal competition among proliferating actors), reaching also the deeper non-state societal level in the case of Mauritania. The volume concludes by examining post-2011 developments in the longstanding Algerian–Moroccan rivalry which hinders regional integration in the Maghreb. Foreign Policy in North Africa will be of great interest to scholars of North African politics and international relations, Middle Eastern and North African studies, foreign policy and global international relations. The chapters were originally published as a special issue of The Journal of North African Studies.
Author: Richard Bordeaux Parker Publisher: Greenwood ISBN: Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
North Africa, comprising Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, and Libya, is of particular strategic and economics importance to both the United States and the Soviet Union. Richard B. Parker provides an informed perspective on the problems facing the region with special emphasis on the U.S. interests there. Beginning with histories of the four states, Parker examines their common features and individual differences, showing that each retains distinct reacial, historical, and economic personalities. He also discusses the various elements that influence affairs in each of the states and explores the numerous policy issues and possible courses of action. Separate chapters are devoted to the effects of the Islamic fundamentalist movement, the guerrilla war in the Western Sahara, and foreign powers on the states of North Africa.
Author: David Ramin Jalilvand Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351783483 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are in disarray, and shifts in the field of energy have the potential to drastically affect the course of political and economic developments in the region. Declining oil prices, skyrocketing domestic demand, the rise of unconventional oil and natural gas production in North America, as well as shifting patterns of global energy trade all put severe pressures on both producing and importing countries in the MENA region. Policy-makers are facing fundamental challenges in light of the duality of grand transformations in (geo)politics and energy. Changes in the field of energy require substantial political and economic reforms, affecting the very fabric of sociopolitical arrangements. At the same time, the MENA region’s geopolitical volatility makes any such reforms extremely risky. Including contributions by academics and analysts from both inside and outside the MENA region, this volume explores the changes in global and regional energy, the impact of changing international energy dynamics on politics and economies in the MENA region, and the challenges that will result. This is essential reading for researchers, postgraduates, and professionals in Middle Eastern and North African politics, global energy governance and regionalism.
Author: Azzedine Layachi Publisher: Praeger ISBN: Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 232
Book Description
This book examines U.S. foreign policy decision-making and conduct from a psychological perspective that focuses on the structures as well as the content of mental images held collectively and individually by the foreign policy elite. Two case studies, arms sales to Morocco in the context of the Western Sahara war and liquefied natural gas contracts with Algeria, are used to illustrate the usefulness of this perspective. The methodological tool used is of Cognitive Mapping, which consists of reconstructing mental images relevant to the issues examined by way of a sophisticated method that dissects policy statements, breaks them down into concepts with causal linkages, and then feeds them into a computer program that uncovers important characteristics for each image. The author then makes interesting inferences linking these technical characteristics of cognitive maps, or images, to policy orientations and action. The case studies analyzed with this method relate to U.S. foreign policy with regard to North Africa. The author tries to find answers to a set of empirical questions that have not often been addressed: Why have U.S. foreign policy makers ignored North African countries for so long in spite of their strategic location and natural resources? Why do radical images persist when there have been opportunities to negotiate rationally with the countries of that region? And why did the U.S. government reverse itself in 1979 when it decided to sell offensive weapons to Morocco in spite of U.S. and international restrictions, and in spite of some obvious potential negative effects of these sales on regional conflicts and on U.S. standing in the area? Also, why did the biggest economic deal the U.S. has ever had with a Third World country (Algeria) fail as soon as President Reagan came into office? These empirical questions are tackled along with theoretical concerns dealing with the subjective domain of foreign policy making. The framework used for the analysis of the historical data and the interviews conducted yielded interesting conclusions as to how foreign policy makers viewed the North African region, its countries, and the issues at stake. The methodology used explains, through simple graphs and indices of complexity and simplicity of mental structures, how situations were defined and responded to by various U.S. administrations. The results show how unconscious thought processes and specific categories of cognitive structures may affect the choice of a policy alternative, and demonstrate the role of images as intervening variables between the international environment and state behavior. This book should appeal to students and scholars of foreign policy, international relations, negotiations, and North African politics. Political scientists interested in computer modeling will also find in it interesting propositions.
Author: Mr.Hamid R Davoodi Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 9781589062290 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 44
Book Description
The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is an economically diverse region. Despite undertaking economic reforms in many countries, and having considerable success in avoiding crises and achieving macroeconomic stability, the region’s economic performance in the past 30 years has been below potential. This paper takes stock of the region’s relatively weak performance, explores the reasons for this out come, and proposes an agenda for urgent reforms.
Author: United States. Congress
Author: United States. Congress
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs
Author: Ian O. Lesser
Author: Jennifer G. Cooke
Author: Irene Fernandez Molina
Author: Richard Bordeaux Parker
Author: David Ramin Jalilvand
Author: Azzedine Layachi
Author: Mr.Hamid R Davoodi