Update on HIV Diagnostic Testing Algorithms PDF Download

Author: Max Q. Arens
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 89

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Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240039163
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 28

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Book Description
A standardized HIV testing strategy and quality-assured products are critical for accurate diagnosis, while poorly chosen testing algorithms can lead to misdiagnosis. Verification of testing algorithms provides objective evidence, before widespread implementation, that a specific combination of products will accurately diagnose HIV infection, thus reducing the risk of misdiagnosis. The toolkit aims to provide countries with the tools and content needed to effectively conduct a local verification assessment to update national HIV testing algorithms following WHO recommendations on HIV testing strategies. The toolkit consists of (1) a generic assessment protocol that can be adapted and submitted for local ethical clearance; (2) a test selection tool to assist with the selection of WHO prequalified HIV assays based on performance and operational characteristics; (3) a Gantt chart to plan and schedule the different project implementation activities; (4) a general budget required to conduct this assessment; (5) a checklist of test kits, consumables and supplies needed for placing a purchase order and; (6) a database to assist with data analysis.

Author: Shailendra K. Saxena
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535110578
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 484

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Book Description
This book gives a comprehensive overview of HIV and AIDS including NeuroAIDS, as well as general concepts of pathology, immunity and immunopathology, diagnosis, treatment, epidemiology and etiology to current clinical recommendations in management of HIV/AIDS including NeuroAIDS, highlighting the ongoing issues, recent advances and future directions in diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies.

Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241549684
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 429

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These guidelines provide guidance on the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection and the care of people living with HIV. They are structured along the continuum of HIV testing, prevention, treatment and care. This edition updates the 2013 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs following an extensive review of evidence and consultations in mid-2015, shared at the end of 2015, and now published in full in 2016. It is being published in a changing global context for HIV and for health more broadly.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 52

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"In 1989 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) released recommendations for a sequential, two-test algorithm for serodiagnosis of HIV-1 infection. In this algorithm, screening is conducted with an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Specimens repeatedly reactive by EIA are subjected to a more specific supplemental test, either a Western blot (WB) or an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Over the past two decades, many advances in HIV diagnostics have been achieved: less complex rapid tests have been FDA-approved for screening at the point of contact (POC) with the patient, more sensitive and specific laboratory-based tests are available, and more complex rapid tests can detect HIV-2. The 'HIV Testing Algorithms: Status Report' describes a menu of HIV testing algorithms that have the potential to augment and provide alternatives to the algorithm currently used to diagnose HIV infection. APHL and CDC convened two working groups of HIV diagnostic subject matter experts to develop these new algorithms. This report describes algorithms to use in POC and laboratory settings, as well as supporting evidence, limitations, and additional data needed to substantiate the algorithms as of April 2009. This document does not contain recommendations from either CDC or APHL."--Page 1.

Author: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240064370
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 86

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Recency assays use one or more biomarkers to identify whether HIV infection in a person is recent (usually within a year or less) or longstanding. Recency assays have been used to estimate incidence in representative cross-sectional surveys and in epidemiological studies to better understand the patterns and distributions of new and longstanding HIV infections. This technical guidance outlines best practices regarding the appropriate use of HIV recency assays for surveillance purposes and updates 2011 technical guidance from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) on the use of HIV recency assays.

Author: Gerald Schochetman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146120867X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 422

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Book Description
During the two years since the publication of the first edition of this book, the global spread of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) has continued. HIV was estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1993 to have at least 13 million individuals worldwide, with 1 million infected infected in the United States. HIV/AIDS in the United States has become the leading cause of death among men 25 to 44 years of age and the fifth leading cause of death among women of the same age group. Prevention of HIV infection remains a global challenge. Testing for HIV is the cornerstone for surveillance and prevention programs and for the provision of appropriate medical care for those who are infected. Such testing is equally essential to the search for effective antivirus drugs and vaccines. This second edition of AIDS Testing incorporates the most current thinking on test methodology and interpretation, some of which has changed considerably over the past two years. This edition also has been expanded to include a section consisting of six chapters on test applica tions and a section consisting of four chapters on management issues. This edition, like the first, describes in clear terms all the complex ele ments of testing, including applications, scientific principles, quality assurance, safety, and medical, ethical, and legal considerations.

Author: Thomas J. Hope
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781461496106
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241548274
Category : Laboratories
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Achieving, maintaining and improving accuracy, timeliness and reliability are major challenges for health laboratories. Countries worldwide committed themselves to build national capacities for the detection of, and response to, public health events of international concern when they decided to engage in the International Health Regulations implementation process. Only sound management of quality in health laboratories will enable countries to produce test results that the international community will trust in cases of international emergency. This handbook was developed through collaboration between the WHO Lyon Office for National Epidemic Preparedness and Response, the United States of America Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Division of Laboratory Systems, and the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). It is based on training sessions and modules provided by the CDC and WHO in more than 25 countries, and on guidelines for implementation of ISO 15189 in diagnostic laboratories, developed by CLSI. This handbook is intended to provide a comprehensive reference on Laboratory Quality Management System for all stakeholders in health laboratory processes, from management, to administration, to bench-work laboratorians. This handbook covers topics that are essential for quality management of a public health or clinical laboratory. They are based on both ISO 15189 and CLSI GP26-A3 documents. Each topic is discussed in a separate chapter. The chapters follow the framework developed by CLSI and are organized as the "12 Quality System Essentials".

Author: Dennis L. Kasper
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN: 1260455351
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1248

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Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. All the authority of the most trusted brand in medical content in a convenient, portable guide Derived from most clinically salient content featured in Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 20th Edition, this full color, portable guide covers all diseases and conditions commonly seen in general medical practice. This edition has been updated to reflect the latest clinical developments in medicine. Designed for quick access and employing an effective blend of concise text, bulleted key points, decision trees, and summary tables, the Manual makes it easy to find what you need at the point of care. The easy-to-navigate chapters use a standard repeating template and cover: •Etiology and Epidemiology •Clinically Relevant Pathophysiology •Signs and Symptoms •Differential Diagnosis •Physical and Laboratory Findings •Therapeutics •Practice Guidelines, and more