Trade and Industrialization in the Central American Common Market PDF Download

Author: Karel Holbik
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 100

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Author: Jeffrey G. Williamson
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262295180
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 315

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How the rise of globalization over the past two centuries helps explain the income gap between rich and poor countries today. Today's wide economic gap between the postindustrial countries of the West and the poorer countries of the third world is not new. Fifty years ago, the world economic order—two hundred years in the making—was already characterized by a vast difference in per capita income between rich and poor countries and by the fact that poor countries exported commodities (agricultural or mineral products) while rich countries exported manufactured products. In Trade and Poverty, leading economic historian Jeffrey G. Williamson traces the great divergence between the third world and the West to this nexus of trade, commodity specialization, and poverty. Analyzing the role of specialization, de-industrialization, and commodity price volatility with econometrics and case studies of India, Ottoman Turkey, and Mexico, Williamson demonstrates why the close correlation between trade and poverty emerged. Globalization and the great divergence were causally related, and thus the rise of globalization over the past two centuries helps account for the income gap between rich and poor countries today.

Author: Beatriz Armendariz
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262337878
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 461

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Book Description
Analysis of Latin America's economy focusing on development, covering the colonial roots of inequality, boom and bust cycles, labor markets, and fiscal and monetary policy. Latin America is richly endowed with natural resources, fertile land, and vibrant cultures. Yet the region remains much poorer than its neighbors to the north. Most Latin American countries have not achieved standards of living and stable institutions comparable to those found in developed countries, have experienced repeated boom-bust cycles, and remain heavily reliant on primary commodities. This book studies the historical roots of Latin America's contemporary economic and social development, focusing on poverty and income inequality dating back to colonial times. It addresses today's legacies of the market-friendly reforms that took hold in the 1980s and 1990s by examining successful stabilizations and homemade monetary and fiscal institutional reforms. It offers a detailed analysis of trade and financial liberalization, twenty–first century-growth, and the decline in poverty and income inequality. Finally, the book offers an overall analysis of inclusive growth policies for development—including gender issues and the informal sector—and the challenges that lie ahead for the region, with special attention to pressing demands by the vibrant and vocal middle class, youth unemployment, and indigenous populations.

Author: Arkebe Oqubay
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0198862423
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 981

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Industrial policy has long been regarded as a strategy to encourage sector-, industry-, or economy-wide development by the state. It has been central to competitiveness, catching up, and structural change in both advanced and developing countries. It has also been one of the most contested perspectives, reflecting ideologically inflected debates and shifts in prevailing ideas. There has lately been a renewed interest in industrial policy in academic circles and international policy dialogues, prompted by the weak outcomes of policies pursued by many developing countries under the direction of the Washington Consensus (and its descendants), the slow economic recovery of many advanced economies after the 2008 global financial crisis, and mounting anxieties about the national consequences of globalization. The Oxford Handbook of Industrial Policy presents a comprehensive review of and a novel approach to the conceptual and theoretical foundations of industrial policy. The Handbook also presents analytical perspectives on how industrial policy connects to broader issues of development strategy, macro-economic policies, infrastructure development, human capital, and political economy. By combining historical and theoretical perspectives, and integrating conceptual issues with empirical evidence drawn from advanced, emerging, and developing countries, The Handbook offers valuable lessons and policy insights to policymakers, practitioners and researchers on developing productive transformation, technological capabilities, and international competitiveness. It addresses pressing issues including climate change, the gendered dimensions of industrial policy, global governance, and technical change. Written by leading international thinkers on the subject, the volume pulls together different perspectives and schools of thought from neo-classical to structuralist development economists to discuss and highlight the adaptation of industrial policy in an ever-changing socio-economic and political landscape.

Author: J. ter Wengel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400987307
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 186

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The objective of this text is to develop and implement a model for allocating the industries of the Sectorial Programs of Industrial Development of the Andean Common Market. In the Andean Common Market, as in most other integration schemes among less developed countries, the main expectations regarding the promotion of economic growth are based on the expectation of increased opportunities for import substituting industrialization. The concern here is with the Andean Common Market in particular because it has been the economic integration scheme that has most explicitly recognized the objective of the less developed countries of taking advantage of the new opportunities for industrial ization created by the combination of the individual markets. In the Andean Common Market the importance attached to the expectation of the gains from industrialization was expressed in the formulation of Sectorial Programs of Industrial Development. Other integration schemes among less developed coun tries have not addressed the issue of import substituting industrialization in such detailed manner. In the first section of this chapter the importance of the topic of allocating industries in integration schemes among less developed countries is discussed. It is argued that the benefits to be derived from increased trade in the traditional products of the member countries are minimal. Instead, the member countries 1 2 ALLOCATION OF INDUSTRY IN THE ANDEAN COMMON MARKET expect the benefits from economic integration schemes to be derived from the utilization of the opportunities for industrialization created by such schemes.

Author: United Nations Economic Commission for
Publisher: Hassell Street Press
ISBN: 9781014668240
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 164

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This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Author: Ingo Walter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Central America
Languages : en
Pages : 80

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Book Description
Case study of the SIECA as an example of economic integration for economic development of developing countries of Latin America - covers historical and institutional aspects of the organisation, free trade agreements, tariff and trade policies, problems of industrialization, national level taxation and foreign exchange policies, foreign investments, etc. References and statistical tables.

Author: Steven Topik
Publisher: Duke University Press
ISBN: 9780822337669
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 384

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DIVClaims that the history of commodities in Latin America (or anywhere) cannot be understood without considering their global context, often from a long-term perspective./div

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Central America
Languages : en
Pages : 24

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Author: Bela Balassa
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136646310
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 319

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First published in 1962, The Theory of Economic Integration provides an excellent exposition of a complex and far-reaching topic. Professor Balassa has been remarkably successful in covering so much ground with such care and balance, in a treatment which is neither in any way abstruse nor unnecessarily technical. His book will interest economists in Europe by reason of its subject and treatment, but it is also a valuable and reliable textbook for students tackling integration as part of a course of International Economics and for those studying Public Finance. He distinguishes between the various forms of integration (free trade area, customs union, common market, economics union, and total integration). In addition, he applies the theoretical principles to current projects such as the European Common Market and Free Trade Area, and to Latin American integration projects. In offering this theoretical study, the author builds on the conclusions of other writers, but goes beyond this in providing a unifying framework for previous contributions and in exploring questions that in the past received little attention – in particular, the relationship between economic integration and growth (especially the interrelationship between market size and growth, and the implications of various factors for economic growth in an integrated area).