Time-Frequency Domain for Segmentation and Classification of Non-stationary Signals PDF Download

Author: Ali Moukadem
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118908708
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 149

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Book Description
This book focuses on signal processing algorithms based on the timefrequency domain. Original methods and algorithms are presented which are able to extract information from non-stationary signals such as heart sounds and power electric signals. The methods proposed focus on the time-frequency domain, and most notably the Stockwell Transform for the feature extraction process and to identify signatures. For the classification method, the Adaline Neural Network is used and compared with other common classifiers. Theory enhancement, original applications and concrete implementation on FPGA for real-time processing are also covered in this book.

Author: VAISHALI AMIN
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Non-stationary signals, particularly frequency modulated (FM) signals which arecharacterized by their time-varying instantaneous frequencies (IFs), are fundamental to radar, sonar, radio astronomy, biomedical applications, image processing, speech processing, and wireless communications. Time-frequency (TF) analyses of such signals provide two-dimensional mapping of time-domain signals, and thus are regarded as the most preferred technique for detection, parameter estimation, analysis and utilization of such signals. In practice, these signals are often received with compressed measurements as a result of either missing samples, irregular samplings, or intentional under-sampling of the signals. These compressed measurements induce undesired noise-like artifacts in the TF representations (TFRs) of such signals. Compared to random missing data, burst missing samples present a more realistic, yet a more challenging, scenario for signal detection and parameter estimation through robust TFRs. In this dissertation, we investigated the effects of burst missing samples on different joint-variable domain representations in detail. Conventional TFRs are not designed to deal with such compressed observations. On the other hand, sparsity of such non-stationary signals in the TF domain facilitates utilization of sparse reconstruction-based methods. The limitations of conventional TF approaches and the sparsity of non-stationary signals in TF domain motivated us to develop effective TF analysis techniques that enable improved IF estimation of such signals with high resolution, mitigate undesired effects of cross terms and artifacts and achieve highly concentrated robust TFRs, which is the goal of this dissertation. In this dissertation, we developed several TF analysis techniques that achieved the aforementioned objectives. The developed methods are mainly classified into two three broad categories: iterative missing data recovery, adaptive local filtering based TF approach, and signal stationarization-based approaches. In the first category, we recovered the missing data in the instantaneous auto-correlation function (IAF) domain in conjunction with signal-adaptive TF kernels that are adopted to mitigate undesired cross-terms and preserve desired auto-terms. In these approaches, we took advantage of the fact that such non-stationary signals become stationary in the IAF domain at each time instant. In the second category, we developed a novel adaptive local filtering-based TF approach that involves local peak detection and filtering of TFRs within a window of a specified length at each time instant. The threshold for each local TF segment is adapted based on the local maximum values of the signal within that segment. This approach offers low-complexity, and is particularly useful for multi-component signals with distinct amplitude levels. Finally, we developed knowledge-based TFRs based on signal stationarization and demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed TF techniques in high-resolution Doppler analysis of multipath over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) signals. This is an effective technique that enables improved target parameter estimation in OTHR operations. However, due to high proximity of these Doppler signatures in TF domain, their separation poses a challenging problem. By utilizing signal self-stationarization and ensuring IF continuity, the developed approaches show excellent performance to handle multiple signal components with variations in their amplitude levels.

Author: Roger Ceschi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119372232
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 202

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Book Description
This book aims to learn to use the basic concepts in signal processing. Each chapter is a reminder of the basic principles is presented followed by a series of corrected exercises. After resolution of these exercises, the reader can pretend to know those principles that are the basis of this theme. "We do not learn anything by word, but by example."

Author: Gérard Blanchet
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1848216416
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 276

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Book Description
The most important theoretical aspects of Image and Signal Processing (ISP) for both deterministic and random signals, the theory being supported by exercises and computer simulations relating to real applications. More than 200 programs and functions are provided in the MATLAB® language, with useful comments and guidance, to enable numerical experiments to be carried out, thus allowing readers to develop a deeper understanding of both the theoretical and practical aspects of this subject. Following on from the first volume, this second installation takes a more practical stance, providing readers with the applications of ISP.

Author: Jean-Francois Giovannelli
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1848216378
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 322

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Book Description
The focus of this book is on "ill-posed inverse problems". These problems cannot be solved only on the basis of observed data. The building of solutions involves the recognition of other pieces of a priori information. These solutions are then specific to the pieces of information taken into account. Clarifying and taking these pieces of information into account is necessary for grasping the domain of validity and the field of application for the solutions built. For too long, the interest in these problems has remained very limited in the signal-image community. However, the community has since recognized that these matters are more interesting and they have become the subject of much greater enthusiasm. From the application field’s point of view, a significant part of the book is devoted to conventional subjects in the field of inversion: biological and medical imaging, astronomy, non-destructive evaluation, processing of video sequences, target tracking, sensor networks and digital communications. The variety of chapters is also clear, when we examine the acquisition modalities at stake: conventional modalities, such as tomography and NMR, visible or infrared optical imaging, or more recent modalities such as atomic force imaging and polarized light imaging.

Author: Henri Maître
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119402433
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 398

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Book Description
This second edition of the fully revised and updated From Photon to Pixel presents essential elements in modern digital photographic devices. Our universal infatuation with photography profoundly affects its usage and development. While some sides of photographic “culture” remain wholly unchanged – art photography, journalistic and advertising photography, scientific photography, etc. – new facets emerge: leisure or travel photography, everyday life photography, anecdotal, observational or unusual photography, and microcosm, or micro-community, photography with its culmination in the narcissistic selfie. These new forms combine an often simplified manner of photographing and modern means of instantaneous, remote and mass communication. This book does not extend into the sociological study of photography, instead it explains how the digital camera works by examining in detail each of the components that constitutes it to provide the reader with a preliminary guide into the inner workings of this device.

Author: Edoardo Provenzi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1786301598
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 149

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Book Description
Color is a sensation generated both by the interaction of the visual sensors in the eyes with the natural environment and by the elaboration of visual information by higher brain functions. This book presents the mathematical framework needed to deal with several models of color processing of digital images. The book starts with a short yet exhaustive introduction to the basic phenomenological features of color vision, which are constantly used throughout the book. The discussion of computational issues starts with color constancy, which is dealt with in a rigorous and self-contained mathematical setting. Then, the original Retinex model and its numerous variants are introduced and analyzed with direct discrete equations. The remainder of the book is dedicated to the variational analysis of Retinex-like models, contextualizing their action with respect to contrast enhancement.

Author: Séverine Dubuisson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1848216033
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 222

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Book Description
This title concerns the use of a particle filter framework to track objects defined in high-dimensional state-spaces using high-dimensional observation spaces. Current tracking applications require us to consider complex models for objects (articulated objects, multiple objects, multiple fragments, etc.) as well as multiple kinds of information (multiple cameras, multiple modalities, etc.). This book presents some recent research that considers the main bottleneck of particle filtering frameworks (high dimensional state spaces) for tracking in such difficult conditions.

Author: Gérard Favier
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1786301547
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 324

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Book Description
Nowadays, tensors play a central role for the representation, mining, analysis, and fusion of multidimensional, multimodal, and heterogeneous big data in numerous fields. This set on Matrices and Tensors in Signal Processing aims at giving a self-contained and comprehensive presentation of various concepts and methods, starting from fundamental algebraic structures to advanced tensor-based applications, including recently developed tensor models and efficient algorithms for dimensionality reduction and parameter estimation. Although its title suggests an orientation towards signal processing, the results presented in this set will also be of use to readers interested in other disciplines. This first book provides an introduction to matrices and tensors of higher-order based on the structures of vector space and tensor space. Some standard algebraic structures are first described, with a focus on the hilbertian approach for signal representation, and function approximation based on Fourier series and orthogonal polynomial series. Matrices and hypermatrices associated with linear, bilinear and multilinear maps are more particularly studied. Some basic results are presented for block matrices. The notions of decomposition, rank, eigenvalue, singular value, and unfolding of a tensor are introduced, by emphasizing similarities and differences between matrices and tensors of higher-order.

Author: Franz Hlawatsch
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118623835
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 377

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Book Description
Covering a period of about 25 years, during which time-frequency has undergone significant developments, this book is principally addressed to researchers and engineers interested in non-stationary signal analysis and processing. It is written by recognized experts in the field.