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Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789294791399 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The need to improve working life in the European Union (EU) is still urgent today. In 2016, approximately 2.4 million non-fatal accidents requiring at least 4 days of absence from work and 3,182 fatal accidents were reported in EU Member States. In addition to these accident rates, figures from 2013 show that 7.9 % of the workforce suffered from occupational health problems, of which 36% resulted in absence from work for at least 4 days (Eurostat, 2018a, 2018c). These occupational injuries, diseases and deaths result in high economic costs to individuals, employers, governments and society. Negative effects may include costly early retirement, the loss of skilled staff, absenteeism as well as presenteeism (when employees go to work despite illness, increasing the likelihood of mistakes) and high medical costs and insurance premiums. In a previous project, the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) estimated that 3.9 % of global gross domestic product (GDP) and 3.3 % of European GDP is spent on dealing with occupational injuries and diseases (EU-OSHA, 2017a). This percentage may vary widely between countries, in particular between western and non-western countries, depending on the industrial mix, legislative context and prevention incentives. Understanding the magnitude of the problem calls for a reliable and comprehensive estimate of occupational injury and disease costs to society. It is vital for policy-makers to be aware of these costs to help them to set priorities. Insight into the financial consequences of occupational injury and disease provides governments, policy-makers and employers’ organisations with relevant data for the purpose of developing occupational safety and health (OSH) policies and agreements. Moreover, insight into these costs will help to raise awareness of the magnitude of the problem and will contribute to a more efficient allocation of resources for OSH.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789294791399 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The need to improve working life in the European Union (EU) is still urgent today. In 2016, approximately 2.4 million non-fatal accidents requiring at least 4 days of absence from work and 3,182 fatal accidents were reported in EU Member States. In addition to these accident rates, figures from 2013 show that 7.9 % of the workforce suffered from occupational health problems, of which 36% resulted in absence from work for at least 4 days (Eurostat, 2018a, 2018c). These occupational injuries, diseases and deaths result in high economic costs to individuals, employers, governments and society. Negative effects may include costly early retirement, the loss of skilled staff, absenteeism as well as presenteeism (when employees go to work despite illness, increasing the likelihood of mistakes) and high medical costs and insurance premiums. In a previous project, the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) estimated that 3.9 % of global gross domestic product (GDP) and 3.3 % of European GDP is spent on dealing with occupational injuries and diseases (EU-OSHA, 2017a). This percentage may vary widely between countries, in particular between western and non-western countries, depending on the industrial mix, legislative context and prevention incentives. Understanding the magnitude of the problem calls for a reliable and comprehensive estimate of occupational injury and disease costs to society. It is vital for policy-makers to be aware of these costs to help them to set priorities. Insight into the financial consequences of occupational injury and disease provides governments, policy-makers and employers’ organisations with relevant data for the purpose of developing occupational safety and health (OSH) policies and agreements. Moreover, insight into these costs will help to raise awareness of the magnitude of the problem and will contribute to a more efficient allocation of resources for OSH.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789294791382 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The need to improve working life in the European Union (EU) is still urgent today. In 2016, approximately 2.4 million non-fatal accidents requiring at least 4 days of absence from work and 3,182 fatal accidents were reported in EU Member States. In addition to these accident rates, figures from 2013 show that 7.9 % of the workforce suffered from occupational health problems, of which 36% resulted in absence from work for at least 4 days (Eurostat, 2018a, 2018c). These occupational injuries, diseases and deaths result in high economic costs to individuals, employers, governments and society. Negative effects may include costly early retirement, the loss of skilled staff, absenteeism as well as presenteeism (when employees go to work despite illness, increasing the likelihood of mistakes) and high medical costs and insurance premiums. In a previous project, the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) estimated that 3.9 % of global gross domestic product (GDP) and 3.3 % of European GDP is spent on dealing with occupational injuries and diseases (EU-OSHA, 2017a). This percentage may vary widely between countries, in particular between western and non-western countries, depending on the industrial mix, legislative context and prevention incentives. Understanding the magnitude of the problem calls for a reliable and comprehensive estimate of occupational injury and disease costs to society. It is vital for policy-makers to be aware of these costs to help them to set priorities. Insight into the financial consequences of occupational injury and disease provides governments, policy-makers and employers’ organisations with relevant data for the purpose of developing occupational safety and health (OSH) policies and agreements. Moreover, insight into these costs will help to raise awareness of the magnitude of the problem and will contribute to a more efficient allocation of resources for OSH.
Author: J. Paul Leigh Publisher: University of Michigan Press ISBN: 9780472110810 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 332
Book Description
As the debate over health care reform continues, costs have become a critical measure in the many plans and proposals to come before us. Knowing costs is important because it allows comparisons across such disparate health conditions as AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, and cancer. This book presents the results of a major study estimating the large and largely overlooked costs of occupational injury and illness--costs as large as those for cancer and over four times the costs of AIDS. The incidence and mortality of occupational injury and illness were assessed by reviewing data from national surveys and applied an attributable-risk-proportion method. Costs were assessed using the human capital method that decomposes costs into direct categories such as medical costs and insurance administration expenses, as well as indirect categories such as lost earnings and lost fringe benefits. The total is estimated to be $155 billion and is likely to be low as it does not include costs associated with pain and suffering or of home care provided by family members. Invaluable as an aid in the analysis of policy issues, Costs of Occupational Injuryand Illness will serve as a resource and reference for economists, policy analysts, public health researchers, insurance administrators, labor unions and labor lawyers, benefits managers, and environmental scientists, among others. J. Paul Leigh is Professor in the School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of California, Davis. Stephen Markowitz, M.D., is Professor in the Department of Community Health and Social Medicine, City University of New York Medical School. Marianne Fahs is Director of the Health Policy Research Center, Milano Graduate School of Management and Urban Policy, New School University. Philip Landrigan, M.D., is Wise Professor and Chair of the Department of Community Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York.
Author: Irina Farquhar Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 9780762306978 Category : Juvenile Nonfiction Languages : en Pages : 476
Book Description
Public health has, for many years, been concerned with efforts to increase the efficiency of health care delivery, to measure changes in health care resource utilization and associated costs, and to link these changes to different types of interventions. These efforts, as well as collaboration between biopharmaceutical organizations, producers of medical devices, and managed care and public health organizations, have been enhanced by the opportunities created within the fast growing field of outcomes research. This volume presents studies contributing to the enhancement of the outcomes research paradigm by incorporating economic and social interactions within the health care delivery, clinical decision-making and outcomes systems. A multidisciplinary team of scientists in the fields of outcomes research, pharmacoeconomics, public health, health services research, and health economics address such complex problems as: benefits and cost of advancements in genetic technologies; methodologies for constructing health care utilization and cost estimates; and the effect of insurance type on resource utilization and health outcomes. Other studies consider both the types of drugs purchased and the prices paid, pharmaceutical spending and health outcomes, incremental advantages of newer treatments, willingness to pay measurements, disease-specific impacts on human capital and quality of life, and modelling clinical trial results. One of the most important findings in this book is the description of the role of low energy in the symptomatology of depression and its strong relationship with absenteeism, work productivity and social functioning. Another paper documents the disease-specific mortality, case-fatality and annual health care utilization in diabetics and establishes the association of respiratory conditions with elevated mortality among diabetics. The work contains other papers which provide significant results in cardiovascular, infectious, central nervous system disease areas as well as in quality of life and health outcomes measurements.
Author: W. Kip Viscusi Publisher: Harvard University Press ISBN: 9780674773028 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 232
Book Description
Commentary on labour legislation concerning occupational safety and occupational health in the USA - reviews the work of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration in standard setting; examines the value of human life in terms of hazard elimination costs; argues thet disclosure of information, more effective than labour policy in improving employees attitude and trade union attitude towards arduous working conditions. References, statistical tables.
Author: Sharon Clarke Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1317086260 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 391
Book Description
Workplace accidents and errors cost organizations hundreds of billions of dollars each year, and the injured workers and their families endure considerable financial and emotional suffering. It's obvious that increasing employee health and safety pays. The accumulating evidence shows that investing in occupational health and safety results in improved financial and social responsibility performance. There are extensive country differences and wide occupational differences in the incidence of accidents and errors. The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimates that every year there are 2.2 million fatal and 270 million non-fatal accidents or occupational diseases worldwide. Occupational Health and Safety looks at the research into what causes accidents and errors in the workplace. In line with other titles in the series, Occupational Health and Safety emphasizes the psychological and behavioral aspects of risk in organizations. It highlights how organizations differ in their health and safety performance, with case studies throughout and best practices. Key elements focus on: employee selection and training, fostering employee understanding, participation and engagement in health and safety matters, developing a health and safety culture at organizational and group/work unit levels, communicating and reinforcing safe workplace practices and bench-marking one's organization against the industry leaders. The contributors to this volume come from various countries, reflecting unique interest and knowledge in particular areas.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309070260 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 265
Book Description
Despite many advances, 20 American workers die each day as a result of occupational injuries. And occupational safety and health (OSH) is becoming even more complex as workers move away from the long-term, fixed-site, employer relationship. This book looks at worker safety in the changing workplace and the challenge of ensuring a supply of top-notch OSH professionals. Recommendations are addressed to federal and state agencies, OSH organizations, educational institutions, employers, unions, and other stakeholders. The committee reviews trends in workforce demographics, the nature of work in the information age, globalization of work, and the revolution in health care deliveryâ€"exploring the implications for OSH education and training in the decade ahead. The core professions of OSH (occupational safety, industrial hygiene, and occupational medicine and nursing) and key related roles (employee assistance professional, ergonomist, and occupational health psychologist) are profiled-how many people are in the field, where they work, and what they do. The book reviews in detail the education, training, and education grants available to OSH professionals from public and private sources.
Author: Emile Tompa Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0199533598 Category : Health & Fitness Languages : en Pages : 312
Book Description
Undertaking economic evaluations of workplace-based occupational health and safety interventions can be difficult, reflected by the significant lack of literature, evidence and guidance on the subject. Particular difficulties include: complex labour legislation; differences in the perception of health risks associated with work experiences amongst workplace parties and policy makers; the burden of costs and consequences being borne by different stakeholders in the system; conflicting incentives and priorities between the multiple stakeholders; lack of consensus about what ought to count as a benefit or cost of intervening or not intervening; multiple providers of indemnity and medical care coverage; and industry-specific human resources practices making it difficult to identify all work-related illnesses and injuries. In addition, most health economics methods books are designed for use in a clinical setting, which cannot be adapted for the workplace setting. In the face of such barriers, it is not surprising that few studies of occupational health and safety interventions contain an economic evaluation. This book aims to lay the foundations for a systematic methodology of economic evaluation of workplace interventions, by identifying the main barriers to research of high quality and practical relevance, and proposing a research strategy to remedy these weaknesses. Context chapters provide a wealth of background material ranging from a presentation of the broad conceptualization of work and health, to suggestions for strategies in confronting the dearth of data often experienced by occupational health and safety researchers. They take into account the varying institutional and regulatory approaches in different international jurisdictions. Specific topic chapters delve into the principles and application of economic evaluation methods relevant to this setting: study design, type of analysis, costs, consequences, uncertainty, and equity are all covered, providing guidance on analytical and decision making challenges. The concluding chapter synthesizes the summaries, conclusions, challenges and recommendations from across the book, presenting these in a reference case.
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Author: J. Paul Leigh
Author: John Ruser
Author: Irina Farquhar
Author: European Agency for Safety and Health at Work
Author: W. Kip Viscusi
Author: Sharon Clarke
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Emile Tompa