The Role of the 90 KDa Palladin in the Regulation of Actin Filaments PDF Download
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Author: Sharifah E. Albraiki Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic dissertations Languages : en Pages : 93
Book Description
Metastasis is the most clinically significant step in cancer progression. Migration and metastasis are not fully understood, but it is clear that the actin cytoskeleton plays an essential role. Palladin is specifically involved in metastasis of cancer cells, but also co-localizes with actin stress fibers in normal cells. The 90 kDa palladin is the only ubiquitously expressed isoform and contains three Ig domains and one proline-rich region. This proline-rich region has been shown to bind directly to the actin-regulating protein VASP. In a previous paper, our lab showed that the Ig3 domain of palladin is the minimal binding site for F-actin. In this work we wanted to compare functions of the 90 kDa palladin to the isolated actin binding domain. Our hypothesis was that the 90 kDa palladin may be autoinhibited and may thereby block the binding site for monomeric actin. To understand the mechanism of action for how palladin can influence actin assembly, we used fluorescence spectroscopy to monitor pyrene actin polymerization. By using site-directed mutagenesis via PCR we were able to mutate the putative VASP binding site within the prolinerich region of the 90 kDa palladin. We then examined binding between VASP and WT or mutant palladin using a pulldown assay and far Western blot. Both palladin and VASP proteins are involved in the regulation of actin filaments and understanding the fundamental mechanism of these proteins may help us eliminate the progression of cancer invasion and metastasis. In addition, we sought to determine how palladin and VASP are involved in actin assembly required for cell motility. A facultative intracellular pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes, has been used to study the regulation of palladin in the regulation of actin dynamics. Our aim is to test the hypothesis that palladin promotes the nucleation, elongation and the stabilization of actin-based structure during cell motility. Understanding the role of palladin in actin cytoskeleton may help us prevent cancer cells from reaching the metastasis stage of cancer progression.
Author: Sharifah E. Albraiki Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic dissertations Languages : en Pages : 93
Book Description
Metastasis is the most clinically significant step in cancer progression. Migration and metastasis are not fully understood, but it is clear that the actin cytoskeleton plays an essential role. Palladin is specifically involved in metastasis of cancer cells, but also co-localizes with actin stress fibers in normal cells. The 90 kDa palladin is the only ubiquitously expressed isoform and contains three Ig domains and one proline-rich region. This proline-rich region has been shown to bind directly to the actin-regulating protein VASP. In a previous paper, our lab showed that the Ig3 domain of palladin is the minimal binding site for F-actin. In this work we wanted to compare functions of the 90 kDa palladin to the isolated actin binding domain. Our hypothesis was that the 90 kDa palladin may be autoinhibited and may thereby block the binding site for monomeric actin. To understand the mechanism of action for how palladin can influence actin assembly, we used fluorescence spectroscopy to monitor pyrene actin polymerization. By using site-directed mutagenesis via PCR we were able to mutate the putative VASP binding site within the prolinerich region of the 90 kDa palladin. We then examined binding between VASP and WT or mutant palladin using a pulldown assay and far Western blot. Both palladin and VASP proteins are involved in the regulation of actin filaments and understanding the fundamental mechanism of these proteins may help us eliminate the progression of cancer invasion and metastasis. In addition, we sought to determine how palladin and VASP are involved in actin assembly required for cell motility. A facultative intracellular pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes, has been used to study the regulation of palladin in the regulation of actin dynamics. Our aim is to test the hypothesis that palladin promotes the nucleation, elongation and the stabilization of actin-based structure during cell motility. Understanding the role of palladin in actin cytoskeleton may help us prevent cancer cells from reaching the metastasis stage of cancer progression.
Author: Christine Chaponnier Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0387336508 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 154
Book Description
Tissue Repair, Contraction and the Myofibroblast summarizes the latest findings concerning the biology of the myofibroblast, a cell involved in the evolution and contraction of granulation tissue and of fibrotic changes. Coverage shows that the myofibroblast is responsible for the development of hypertrophic scars, pulmonary and renal fibrosis and bronchial asthma. Reviews the cell biology and pathology of the myofibroblast as well as mechanisms of fibrosis evolution in many organs and tissues.
Author: Thomas Kreis Publisher: Sambrook and Tooze Publication at Oxford University Press ISBN: 9780198599579 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 551
Book Description
Since the first edition, many new and important discoveries have been made in this expanding area of research. This updated edition details all that is currently known about the proteins involved in the microfilament, microtubule and intermediate filament systems in cells and their roles intension resistance and motor function. Biochemists will find this book particularly useful as will physiologists and biologists in fields in which these proteins are involved, such as neuromuscular research.
Author: Hirokawa Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780849377419 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 360
Book Description
This book discusses the primary functions of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) such as MAP2 and tau in neuronal morphogenesis, as well as relationships between neuronal differentiation and the expression of neuronal intermediate filaments (nestin, alpha internexin, and neurofilament triplet proteins). It emphasizes the importance of several cytoskeletal proteins for neuronal differentiation and morphogenesis, organelle transport, and synaptic functions. The book considers the involvement of tau MAPs in the formation of paired helical filaments in Alzheimer's disease, and it examines the mechanisms of organelle transports and molecular motors such as kinesin, braindynein, and kinesin superfamily proteins. Cytoskeletal proteins involved in synaptic formation and transmitter release and new synaptic junctional-associated proteins are explored as well.
Author: Claudia Mierke Publisher: Iph001 ISBN: 9780750317511 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 500
Book Description
This revised second edition is improved linguistically with multiple increases of the number of figures and the inclusion of several novel chapters such as actin filaments during matrix invasion, microtubuli during migration and matrix invasion, nuclear deformability during migration and matrix invasion, and the active role of the tumor stroma in regulating cell invasion.
Author: David A. Frank Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402073402 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 358
Book Description
One of the most exciting areas of cancer research now is the development of agents which can target signal transduction pathways that are activated inappropriately in malignant cells. The understanding of the molecular abnormalities which distinguish malignant cells from their normal counterparts has grown tremendously. This volume summarizes the current research on the role that signal transduction pathways play in the pathogenesis of cancer and how this knowledge may be used to develop the next generation of more effective and less toxic anticancer agents. Series Editor comments: "The biologic behavior of both normal and cancer cells is determined by critical signal transduction pathways. This text provides a comprehensive review of the field. Leading investigators discuss key molecules that may prove to be important diagnostic and/or therapeutic targets."
Author: Dipak K. Dube Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780817642266 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 304
Book Description
Myofibrillogenesis has been studied extensively over the last 100 years. Until recently, we have not had a comprehensive understanding of this fundamental process. The emergence of new technologies in molecular and cellular biology, combined with classical embryology, have started to unravel some of the complexities of myofibril assembly in striated muscles. In striated muscles, the contractile proteins are arranged in a highly ordered three dimensional lattice known as the sarcomere. The assembly of a myofibril involves the precise ordering of several proteins into a linear array of sarcomeres. Multiple isoforms in many of these proteins further complicate the process, making it difficult to define the precise role of each component. This volume has been compiled as a comprehensive reference on myofibrillogenesis. In addition, the book includes reviews on myofibrillar disarray under various pathological conditions, such as familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC), and incorporates a section on the conduction system in the heart. Much of the information in this volume has not been described elsewhere. Presented in a manner to be of value to students and teachers alike, "Myofibrillogenesis" will be an invaluable reference source for all in the fields of muscle biology and heart development.
Author: Brigitte M. Jockusch Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319463713 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 356
Book Description
Actin is one of the most abundant proteins and ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotes. In recent years, the analysis of structure and function of such complexes has shed new light on actin's role in cellular and tissue morphogenesis, locomotion and various forms of intracellular motility, but also on its role in nuclear processes like chromatin architecture and transcription. Progress in understanding these different physiological phenomena, but also in unravelling the basis of actin-based pathophysiological processes has been made by combining video microscopy, molecular biology, genetics and biochemistry. Thus, the current research on actin, as ongoing in many international laboratories, is a "hot spot" in basic and translational research in life sciences. In this book on "The Actin Cytoskeleton", twelve internationally renowned authors present specific chapters that cover their recent work concerned with the various roles of actin mentioned above. This comprehensive volume is therefore an attractive handbook for teachers and students in many fields of medicine and pharmacology.
Author: Sharifah E. Albraiki
Author: Sharifah E. Albraiki
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Christine Chaponnier
Author: Thomas Kreis
Author: Hirokawa
Author: Claudia Mierke
Author: David A. Frank
Author: Dipak K. Dube
Author: Brigitte M. Jockusch