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Author: Stephen Cohen Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 184
Book Description
The author discusses landscape, or environment, in which moral reasoning occurs, and the ingredients which play roles in the activity of moral reasoning.
Author: Stephen Cohen Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 184
Book Description
The author discusses landscape, or environment, in which moral reasoning occurs, and the ingredients which play roles in the activity of moral reasoning.
Author: Larry S. Temkin Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190208651 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 639
Book Description
In choosing between moral alternatives -- choosing between various forms of ethical action -- we typically make calculations of the following kind: A is better than B; B is better than C; therefore A is better than C. These inferences use the principle of transitivity and are fundamental to many forms of practical and theoretical theorizing, not just in moral and ethical theory but in economics. Indeed they are so common as to be almost invisible. What Larry Temkin's book shows is that, shockingly, if we want to continue making plausible judgments, we cannot continue to make these assumptions. Temkin shows that we are committed to various moral ideals that are, surprisingly, fundamentally incompatible with the idea that "better than" can be transitive. His book develops many examples where value judgments that we accept and find attractive, are incompatible with transitivity. While this might seem to leave two options -- reject transitivity, or reject some of our normative commitments in order to keep it -- Temkin is neutral on which path to follow, only making the case that a choice is necessary, and that the cost either way will be high. Temkin's book is a very original and deeply unsettling work of skeptical philosophy that mounts an important new challenge to contemporary ethics.
Author: Dana Lewis Zeidler Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9781402014116 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 328
Book Description
This book is the first in the field to directly address moral reasoning and socioscientific discourse. It provides a theoretical framework to rethink what a "functional view" of scientific literacy entails by examining how nature of science issues, classroom discourse issues, cultural issues, and science-technology-society-environment case-based issues contribute to developing habits of mind about socioscientific content. The philosophical, psychological and pedagogical considerations underpinning the role of moral reasoning and the status of socioscientific issues in science education have been succinctly expressed and elucidated in this book. Science teachers, teacher educators, researchers, curriculum designers, politicians, and organizations interested in educational and political reform should find this volume very relevant and important for their missions. The extensive coverage of topics makes this book excellent for both theoretical and practical purposes.
Author: James R. Rest Publisher: Psychology Press ISBN: 1135705615 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 283
Book Description
Although Lawrence Kohlberg provided major ideas for psychological research in morality for decades, today some critics regard his work as outmoded, beyond repair, and too faulty for anybody to take seriously. These critics suggest that research would advance more profitably by taking a different approach. Postconventional Moral Thinking acknowledges particular philosophical and psychological problems with Kohlberg's theory and methodology, and proposes a reformulation called "Neo-Kohlbergian." Hundreds of researchers have reported a large body of findings after having employed Kohlberg's theory and methods to the Defining Issues Test (DIT), therefore attesting to the relevance of his ideas. This book provides a coherent theoretical overview for hundreds of studies that have used the DIT. The authors propose reformulations in the underlying psychological and philosophical theories. This book pulls together the analysis of criticisms of a Kohlbergian approach, a rationale for DIT research, and new theoretical ideas and new research.
Author: Hope May Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing ISBN: 1441103368 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 204
Book Description
Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics is devoted to the topic of human happiness. Yet, although Aristotle's conception of happiness is central to his whole philosophical project, there is much controversy surrounding it. Hope May offers a new interpretation of Aristotle's account of happiness - one which incorporates Aristotle's views about the biological development of human beings. May argues that the relationship amongst the moral virtues, the intellectual virtues, and happiness, is best understood through the lens of developmentalism. On this view, happiness emerges from the cultivation of a number of virtues that are developmentally related. May goes on to show how contemporary scholarship in psychology, ethical theory and legal philosophy signals a return to Aristotelian ethics. Specifically, May shows how a theory of motivation known as Self-Determination Theory and recent research on goal attainment have deep affinities to Aristotle's ethical theory. May argues that this recent work can ground a contemporary virtue theory that acknowledges the centrality of autonomy in a way that captures the fundamental tenets of Aristotle's ethics.
Author: Francis Snare Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1134946511 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 194
Book Description
The Nature of Moral Thinking is an introductory text to the questions of ethics, offering a solid philosophical and historical basis for understanding the central issues. Francis Snare discusses in detail the classical philosophical arguments of Plato and Butler in relation to relativism and subjectivism and treats Marx and Nietzsche in regard to the origins and explanation of morality.
Author: Stephen Cohen
Author: Stephen Cohen
Author: Victor Grassian
Author: Larry S. Temkin
Author: Dana Lewis Zeidler
Author: Lawrence Kohlberg
Author: Peter E. Langford
Author: James R. Rest
Author: Hope May
Author: Francis Snare
Author: David Hume