The Middle East and North Africa in a Changing Oil Market PDF Download

Author: Mr.Bright E Okogu
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 9781589062344
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 32

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Book Description
The world oil market has undergone a series of changes that have reduced the share of oil in the global energy balance and, with it, the influence of Middle Eastern oil exporters. In spite of oil’s loss of ground, however, Middle Eastern countries remain at the center of world oil developments. This paper focuses on the developments in the international oil market, the role of Middle Eastern countries therein, and the policy challenges arising from the dependency on oil.

Author: Michael Ratner
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437983227
Category : Reference
Languages : en
Pages : 20

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Book Description
Political unrest in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) has contributed to higher oil prices and added instability to energy markets. Supply disruptions and fears about the possible spread of unrest to major exporters have pushed prices higher. Even if the crisis abates, some risk premium may persist to the degree that market participants fear such an event could occur again. Contents of this report: (1) Introduction; (2) Short-Term Pricing Pressures: Unrest Contributes to Higher Oil Prices; Impacts on the U.S. Oil Market; U.S. Natural Gas More Insulated from MENA Turmoil; (3) Long-Term Considerations: Risks May Persist; (4) Policy Considerations; Strategic Petroleum Reserve; Other Policy Options. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand report.

Author: David Ramin Jalilvand
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351783483
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 302

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Book Description
The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are in disarray, and shifts in the field of energy have the potential to drastically affect the course of political and economic developments in the region. Declining oil prices, skyrocketing domestic demand, the rise of unconventional oil and natural gas production in North America, as well as shifting patterns of global energy trade all put severe pressures on both producing and importing countries in the MENA region. Policy-makers are facing fundamental challenges in light of the duality of grand transformations in (geo)politics and energy. Changes in the field of energy require substantial political and economic reforms, affecting the very fabric of sociopolitical arrangements. At the same time, the MENA region’s geopolitical volatility makes any such reforms extremely risky. Including contributions by academics and analysts from both inside and outside the MENA region, this volume explores the changes in global and regional energy, the impact of changing international energy dynamics on politics and economies in the MENA region, and the challenges that will result. This is essential reading for researchers, postgraduates, and professionals in Middle Eastern and North African politics, global energy governance and regionalism.

Author: Mr.Hamid R Davoodi
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 9781589062290
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 44

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Book Description
The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is an economically diverse region. Despite undertaking economic reforms in many countries, and having considerable success in avoiding crises and achieving macroeconomic stability, the region’s economic performance in the past 30 years has been below potential. This paper takes stock of the region’s relatively weak performance, explores the reasons for this out come, and proposes an agenda for urgent reforms.

Author: Charles Philip Issawi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 106

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Book Description

Author: Khalid Al-Rodhan
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN: 0313083649
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 488

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Book Description
The recent rise in global demand for energy and the resulting spike in energy prices have illustrated just how important Middle Eastern energy exports are. This book, the first on the subject since the hike in energy prices impacted the global energy market, outlines the current facts that shape the ability of Middle Eastern producers to supply energy exports. It explores the possible future causes both of major interruptions in supply, and of failures to maintain and expand export capacity, and, though it does not predict a major energy crisis, it does describe a range of factors that could produce one. The recent rise in global demand for energy and the resulting spike in energy prices have illustrated just how important Middle Eastern energy exports are. This book, the first on the subject since the hike in energy prices impacted the global energy market, outlines current facts that shape the ability of Middle Eastern producers to supply energy exports. It explores the possible future causes both of major interruptions in supply, and failures to maintain and expand export capacity, and, though it does not predict a major energy crisis, it does describe factors that could produce one. Authors Cordesman and Al-Rodhan analyze the plans of each country in the region, compare those plans with the forecasting models of international organizations, and study each country's prospects for stability. They also analyze how importing countries such as the United States, Europe, China, and India are dealing with the changing nature of global dependence upon MENA oil. Offering the most comprehensive data on current energy resources, production capacities estimates, import dependence, and national plans and strategies, The Changing Dynamics of Energy in the Middle East analyzes current energy modeling, and shows how the lack of supply-driven models has had a negative impact on the understanding of policy makers and strategic thinkers. The book concludes its analysis with possible strategic, economic, and demographic scenarios for the Middle East, projecting the impact of each scenario on future energy developments.

Author: Charles Issawi
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134560516
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 329

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Book Description
The economic history of the Middle East and North Africa is quite extraordinary. This is an axiomatic statement, but the very nature of the economic changes that have stemmed directly from the effects of oil resources in these areas has tended to obscure longterm patterns of economic change and the fundamental transformation of Middle Eastern and North African economies and societies over the past two hundred years. In this study Professor Issawi examines and explains the development of these economies since 1800, focusing particularly on the challenge posed by the use and subsequent decline of Western economic and political domination and the Middle Eastern response to it. The book beg ins with an analysis of the effects of foreign intervention in the area: the expansion of trade, the development of transport networks, the influx of foreign capital and resulting integration into international commercial and financial networks. It goes on to examine the local response to these external forces: migration within, to and from the region, population growth, urbanization and changes in living standards, shifts in agricultural production and land tenure and the development of an industrial sector. Professor Issawi discusses the crucial effects of the growth of oil and oil-related industries in a separate chapter, and finally assesses the likely gains and losses in this long period for both the countries in the area and the Western powers. He has drawn on long experience and an immense amount of material in surveying the period, and provides a clear and penetrating survey of an extraordinarily complex area.

Author: Mr.Carlo A. Sdralevich
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498348467
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 130

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Book Description
In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries price subsidies are common, especially on food and fuels. However, these are neither well targeted nor cost effective as a social protection tool, often benefiting mainly the better off instead of the poor and vulnerable. This paper explores the challenges of replacing generalized price subsidies with more equitable social safety net instruments, including the short-term inflationary effects, and describes the features of successful subsidy reforms.

Author: Ahmad Shikara
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Oil as a Geo-strategic economic commodity will continue to play at least for the next 100 years a prominent worldly role in shaping Energy Security strategies and policies. This is why the Geo-strategic implications relating to the degree of stabilizing the oil market has increasingly started to gain more attention, concern, interest and momentum by multivariate parties. Another serious dimension that needs to be analyzed further in the foreseeable future in a cautious and calculating manner is the question of the implications of the 'Arab Spring Revolutions or Uprising' as fit to be categorized. Thus, according to the recent EIU Study under the title: “Spring Tide: Will the Arab Risings yield democracy, dictatorship or disorder?” Popular uprisings in the Arab world have produced the most dramatic changes in the region since the end of the colonial era in the middle of the 20th century. Admittedly, the fate of these popular uprisings remains in the balance. Building on this dramatic development, Frank A. Verrastro in his article entitled “Security implications of the changing energy landscape” asserted that there is a new energy landscape characterized by five prominent trends or dynamics as follows: shifting demand patterns; the changing resource base; price volatility and investment uncertainty; new players, alignments, and evolving rules; and the threat of climate change and efforts to impose carbon constraints on a fossil fuel - dependent world”. From a wider perspective, the Geo-strategic dimensions will continue to be determined not just by new players, but increasingly by multivariate areas of specific interests or concerns: security, politics, economics, social, status, and the ever changing technologies whereby innovative projects or solutions are constantly surprising the markets particularly with regards to the question of “renewable non-fossil energy options” such as the American Green Project (best known as Obama's dream for energy security). It seems perceptive to note, that David L. Goldwyn is realistic in stating that “Energy insecurity is greater today than it has been in nearly 30 years. The global oil market is more fragile, more competitive, and more volatile.”

Author: Shantayanan Devarajan
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464805385
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 48

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Book Description
In the three months since most observers, including the World Bank, issued their last forecasts, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region has changed substantially. Political tensions have eased somewhat with presidential and legislative elections completed in a few countries. Egypt’s cabinet approved the electoral constituencies’ law, the last step before calling for the House of Representatives elections, the final milestone in the political roadmap initiated in July 2013. Presidential elections were held in Tunisia, with Beji Caid Essebsi sworn in as the new president in December. Iran’s nuclear talks with the P5+1 were extended for 6 months--while bilateral talks continue—with the aim of reaching a deal in July 2015. In Iraq, the government and the Kurdish region reached an agreement in December resolving a longstanding dispute over the budget and distribution of oil revenues. Meanwhile, Lebanon, Yemen and Libya still struggle to maintain a functional government. The global economy is estimated to have expanded by 2.6 percent (q/q annualized rate), better than the second quarter of 2014, but unchanged from the slow pace seen in 2012 and 2013. But the most important development is that international oil prices have literally collapsed, reaching a level below $50 per barrel (Brent crude) in early January, a drop of 50 percent since their peak in mid-June 2014.