The International Law of Expropriation as Reflected in the Work of the Iran-U.S. Claims Tribunal PDF Download

Author: Allahyar Mouri
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004635114
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 611

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Book Description
This book deals with expropriation and other measures affecting property rights as set out in the awards of the Iran-U.S. Claims Tribunal, and thus examines the relation between general international law and the lex specialis, viz., the provisions of the Algiers Declarations and the Treaty of Amity between the Governments of Iran and the United States. It studies what rights have been considered as property rights capable of being independently expropriated or affected by other measures, and what rights have not been so qualified, although they might have been considered as forming an element of valuation. Furthermore, the liability and attributability issues are discussed, as are the methods of compensation and of valuation.

Author: Charles N. Brower
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004195149
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 953

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Book Description
The Iran-United States Claims Tribunal is arguably the most significant arbitral institution of the twentieth century. Although the completion of its last few cases could take a long time, the Tribunal's impressive work must be made available now as a guide to the resolution of ongoing disputes and for future tribunals. The Tribunal has, by this point, disposed of well over 98 percent of its caseload. Little more remains for its participants to learn, but the Tribunal shows no signs of fading away. Both of the two States Parties, for different reasons, see greater advantage in the Tribunal's prolongation than in its elimination. The authors have succeeded in dealing with all of the most deserving Tribunal subjects. Moreover, their intimate involvement in and knowledge of the Tribunal ensure that their book is a fascinating, important, and indispensable contribution to the literature of International Law. This is a definitive book on a monumental event in the law and in history at the close of a century. The Iran-United States Claims Tribunal was awarded the ASIL Certificate of Merit.

Author: Allahyar Mouri
Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
ISBN: 0792326547
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 614

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Book Description
This book deals with expropriation and other measures affecting property rights as set out in the awards of the Iran-U.S. Claims Tribunal, and thus examines the relation between general international law and the "lex specialis," viz., the provisions of the Algiers Declarations and the Treaty of Amity between the Governments of Iran and the United States. It studies what rights have been considered as property rights capable of being independently expropriated or affected by other measures, and what rights have not been so qualified, although they might have been considered as forming an element of valuation. Furthermore, the liability and attributability issues are discussed, as are the methods of compensation and of valuation.

Author: Dinah Shelton
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780199243020
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 458

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Book Description
This treatment of the topic of remedies for human rights violations reviews the jurisprudence of international tribunals on these violations. It also provides a theoretical framework and a practical guide.

Author: Tuomas Kuokkanen
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9047403207
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 447

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Book Description
This important book makes an original and modern contribution to the study of "international environmental law", addressing its development over three time periods: the traditional period, the modern era, and the post-modern period. Kuokkanen's thesis is this: in the traditional period there was no clear distinction between the protection of the environment and the exploitation of natural resources; during the modern period the subjects became completely separated; and in the post-modern era there has been an effort to reconcile economic interests and environmental concerns. The work challenges the reader to think about international environmental law and its development within a broader framework, and through a lens which differs from that taken elsewhere. The book presents an impressive panorama of the principal international legal developments over the past century in this area, and successfully pinpoints the tensions between environmental and economic objects over the past century. A timely and important contribution.

Author: Sergey Ripinsky
Publisher: BIICL
ISBN: 9781905221240
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 616

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Book Description
The past two decades have seen a rising wave of investor-State arbitrations, which pose important questions in international law. This book addresses one of the least understood and most unpredictable areas in that field - the assessment of damages. The book is a result of a two-year research project carried out at the British Institute of International and Comparative Law, and it is the first to examine the subject in a systematic, comprehensive, and detailed manner. Damages in International Investment Law offers a much-needed, balanced assessment of the complicated and controversial issues arising in relation to compensation awards, putting special emphasis on the interpretation and application of international rules on damages by arbitral tribunals. In addition to careful analyses of the most recent investment treaty case law, other relevant practice - both international and national - is reviewed. Thorough, well-organized, and supplemented by analytical annexes, the book will be a valuable reference tool for legal professionals and a practical aide for constructing and resolving damages claims in investment arbitrations.

Author: Aniruddha Rajput
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9403506253
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 283

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Book Description
Many investment arbitration cases involve a challenge to a regulatory measure of a host state on the basis of indirect expropriation. The practice of arbitral tribunals is diverse and unsettled. In recent years States have been trying to clarify the relationship between regulatory freedom (also known as 'police powers') and indirect expropriation by revising provisions on indirect expropriation in their investment treaties. This book provides the first focused analysis of indirect expropriation and regulatory freedom, drawing on a broad range of the jurisprudence of investment tribunals. The nature of regulatory freedom in international law has been explained on the bases of jurisprudence of international courts and tribunals such as the International Court of Justice (ICJ), Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ), dispute resolution bodies of the World Trade Organisation (WTO), European Court of Human Rights. While showing how cases involving standoff between regulatory freedom and indirect expropriation can be resolved in practice, the book goes on to present a conceptual framework for interpreting the nuances of this relationship. The book provides a detailed responses to the following complex questions: • To what extent do states retain regulatory freedom after entering into investment treaties? • What is the scope of regulatory freedom in general public international law? • What are the elements of regulatory freedom and standard of review? • How to draw a dividing line between regulatory freedom and indirect expropriation? • Whether the sole effects doctrine or the police powers is the appropriate method for distinguishing between regulatory freedom and indirect expropriation? While addressing these questions, the author analyses different theoretical approaches that reflect upon the relationship between regulatory freedom and indirect expropriation and how far they assist in understanding these potentially overlapping concepts; their relationship with each other; and the method for distinguishing between them. Given the dense network of around three thousand bilateral investment treaties (BITs) that impose an obligation to protect foreign investments in a State, this book will help practitioners identify, through analysis of cases from diverse fields, how a situation may be categorized either as regulatory freedom or as indirect expropriation. The analysis will also be of value to government officials and lawyers involved in negotiating and re-negotiating investment treaties, and to arbitrators who have to decide these issues. Scholars will welcome the book's keen insight into the contentious relationship between a customary international law norm and a treaty norm.

Author: Wallace-Bruce
Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
ISBN: 9004634746
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 248

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Book Description
The first part of this book deals with the general principles relating to international disputes settlement. It starts by looking at the nature of an international dispute in contemporary international law, and by discussing the principles governing the ascertainment of the existence of an international dispute. It then moves on to a consideration of the diplomatic means of an international dispute settlement. The book not only focuses on the peaceful means, but also considers other means, in particular countermeasures. A separate chapter is devoted to the International Court of Justice, enabling in-depth treatment of the issues. The book critically analyses the cases in which Australia and New Zealand have been involved, first as applicants, and then as respondents, thereby assessing the contributions made by these two countries to the development of the law relating to international disputes settlement.

Author: Jean Kalicki
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9403520434
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 1163

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Book Description
What is it about international arbitration that makes it so open to evolution and adaptation? What are the main pressure points today and the unmet needs of stakeholders? What are the opportunities for expansion to new sectors and new audiences? What are the drivers for change, the obstacles and the risks? And equally important, what are the core principles that should never be lost? These were the topics of the Twenty-Fourth ICCA Congress, held in Sydney, Australia, in April 2018, the proceedings of which are collected in this volume. The volume highlights arbitration as a ‘living organism’ that has adapted in the past to various challenges, and that today – under attack from various quarters – might need to demonstrate its adaptability again. Accordingly, the contributions address the evolving needs of users, the impact of the rapidly changing face of technology, the expectations of the public, and the convergence and divergence of different aspects of legal traditions and cultures. Topical issues of interest for practitioners, academics, and students of arbitration include the following: legitimacy and authority of arbitrators, institutions and professional organizations to act as lawmakers; investment treaty reform, with particular reference to the definition of ‘investment,’ the evolution of substantive treaty standards, and sustainable development obligations; commercial arbitration reform, including issues of public and private interest, the development of common law, and cost, delay and transparency concerns; revisiting party autonomy in choosing decision-makers, including through institutional appointments or investment courts; equality of arms, the economics of access, and the role of costs and third-party funding; public-private disputes and special issues that arise when State entities arbitrate; public participation and transparency, and their effect on both ISDS and commercial arbitration; revisiting conventional wisdom in organizing arbitral proceedings; lessons to be learned from other dispute resolution frameworks; technology as friend and enemy, including new tools, new threats, and cybersecurity; arbitration of disputes in conflict and post-conflict zones; inter-generational blame and praise in investment arbitration; and the emergence of sovereign wealth funds as arbitration participants. A special section on ‘New Frontiers in Arbitration’ offers enlightening perspectives on new types of claims and new types of stakeholders likely to affect the future of international arbitration, including the potential for climate change disputes and enlarged participation.

Author: Hege Elisabeth Kjos
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199656959
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 343

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Book Description
Investment arbitration has become the key forum to settle disputes between investors and the host state. It is not clear from the arbitration agreements which body of law the arbitrators should apply: national or international. This book examines how the legal framework which the arbitral panels operate in influences which body of law they apply.