The Host-pathogen Interface in Pneumococcal Meningitis PDF Download

Author: K. K. Jim
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789090378824
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
"Bacterial meningitis is a serious and often devastating infection of the central nervous system, despite advancements in prevention and treatment. The disease burden remains significant, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis and continues to exact a heavy burden globally. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of bacterial meningitis is required, as well as gaining more insights into its clinical features, to develop new intervention strategies. In this thesis, we illustrate that community-acquired bacterial meningitis continues to be a major cause of morbidity and can lead to serious complications. Furthermore, it highlights the potential of using the zebrafish model to study the molecular pathogenesis and pathophysiology of pneumococcal meningitis and other (central nervous system) infections, with particular emphasis on the interface between host and pathogen."--

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789463611411
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 330

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Author: Shie-Liang Hsieh
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811515808
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 240

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Book Description
This book systemically presents the latest research on lectins, covering all the major topics in the field, including the heterocomplex of lectins and Toll-like receptors, protective versus pathogenic functions in connection with microbial infections, and novel strategies for enhancing host immunity against infectious diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Lectins are a large group of glycan-binding proteins that recognize diverse glycan and non-glycan structures expressed on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and are vital to cell-cell interactions, the attachment of microbes to host cells, and the recognition and activation of immune responses to exogenous and endogenous danger signals. The composition and structure of microbes are complex and include numerous ‘pathogen-associated molecular patterns’ or ‘damage-associated molecular patterns’. As such, microbes’ interactions with immune cells activate multiple innate immunity receptors and produce distinct inflammatory reactions, which can be protective to contain microbial invasion, or pathogenic to cause tissue damage and shock syndrome in the host. The book shares lessons learned from state-of-the art research in this field, highlights the latest discoveries, and provides insightful discussions on lectin-mediated inflammatory reactions, while also outlining future research directions.

Author: Wei Zheng
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781420023404
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 668

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Book Description
Despite the existence of two barrier systems in the brain, research over the last century has mostly focused on the blood-brain barrier rather than on the blood-CSF barrier. Today, there is a greater understanding of the function of the blood-CSF barrier and of the choroid plexus, a tissue that is the primary site of this barrier. With the growing number of studies that focus on the role of the blood-CSF barrier in CNS homeostasis and neurological disorders, a modern overview of the blood-CSF barrier is long overdue. The Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier is exclusively devoted to the blood-CSF barrier. Internationally renowned experts discuss the most recent progress in the field of choroid plexus physiology and update our knowledge of the function of the blood-CSF barrier. The book begins with an overview of the development and morphology of the choroid plexus, and then covers various aspects of its function, such as the regulation of choroidal blood flow, ion transport, and the production and transport of polypeptides. Following an extensive section on the role of the choroid plexus in CNS disorders, the final section discusses in vitro, in vivo, and in situ models of the blood-CSF barrier. This unique book analyzes a wealth of new research on the proven and potential roles of the choroid plexus/blood-CSF barrier in the brain. It is a valuable resource that will foster future studies in neuroscience, pharmacology, and toxicology.

Author: Felicity N.E. Gavins
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128013257
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 254

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Book Description
Vascular Responses to Pathogens focuses on the growing research from leaders in the field for both the short and long-term impact of pathogens on the vasculature. It discusses various organisms, including bacteria, parasites, and viruses, and their role in key events leading to vascular disease. Formatted to discuss the topic of the interaction of pathogens with the vascular rather than individual diseases described separately, this reference demonstrates that common mechanisms are at play in many different diseases because they have a similar context, their vasculature. This all-inclusive reference book is a must-have tool for researchers and practicing clinicians in the areas of vascular biology, microvasculature, cardiology, and infectious disease. - Covers a wide spectrum of organisms and provides analysis of pathogens and current therapeutic strategies in the context of their vasculature - Provides detailed perspectives on key components contributing to vascular pathogens from leaders in the field - Interfaces between both vascular biology and microbiology by encompassing information on how pathogens affect both macro and microvasculature - Includes coverage of the clinical aspects of sepsis and current therapeutic strategies and anti-sepsis drugs

Author: Peter K. Vogt
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642804519
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 176

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Book Description
When it comes to bacterial disease, we are living in a state of false security. Antibiotics have indeed brought unprecedented health benefits, protection from and cure of bacterial diseases during the past 50 years. But there are ominous signs that the fortress and the defenses built on antibiotics are crumbling. They are crum bling because we wittingly or unwittingly created selective con ditions for the emergence of superior pathogens that can no longer be controlled by antibiotics. There are numerous warnings. After a long period of eclipse tuberculosis has now emerged as a serious threat unchecked by antibiotic treatment. Recent years have seen reports of cholera epidemics, of anthrax infections, of serious problems with Salmonella and even with E. coli, just to name a few. Mankind is in a race with microbial invaders. The challenge is to anticipate and respond to developments that affect the precarious balance between man and microbe. This will re quire new knowledge and it will take time for an effective appli cation of that knowledge.

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309131219
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 330

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Book Description
Dr. Joshua Lederberg - scientist, Nobel laureate, visionary thinker, and friend of the Forum on Microbial Threats - died on February 2, 2008. It was in his honor that the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Microbial Threats convened a public workshop on May 20-21, 2008, to examine Dr. Lederberg's scientific and policy contributions to the marketplace of ideas in the life sciences, medicine, and public policy. The resulting workshop summary, Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation, demonstrates the extent to which conceptual and technological developments have, within a few short years, advanced our collective understanding of the microbiome, microbial genetics, microbial communities, and microbe-host-environment interactions.

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309185548
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 397

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Book Description
Infectious diseases are a global hazard that puts every nation and every person at risk. The recent SARS outbreak is a prime example. Knowing neither geographic nor political borders, often arriving silently and lethally, microbial pathogens constitute a grave threat to the health of humans. Indeed, a majority of countries recently identified the spread of infectious disease as the greatest global problem they confront. Throughout history, humans have struggled to control both the causes and consequences of infectious diseases and we will continue to do so into the foreseeable future. Following up on a high-profile 1992 report from the Institute of Medicine, Microbial Threats to Health examines the current state of knowledge and policy pertaining to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases from around the globe. It examines the spectrum of microbial threats, factors in disease emergence, and the ultimate capacity of the United States to meet the challenges posed by microbial threats to human health. From the impact of war or technology on disease emergence to the development of enhanced disease surveillance and vaccine strategies, Microbial Threats to Health contains valuable information for researchers, students, health care providers, policymakers, public health officials. and the interested public.

Author: King K. Holmes
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464805253
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1027

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Book Description
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.

Author: Jan L. L. Kimpen
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482274817
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 324

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Book Description
The molecular pathogenesis of microbial agents responsible for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) has been the focus of much research in recent years. The emphasis has been on developing new treatments such as novel antimicrobials and more effective vaccines. Significant attention has also been paid to improving molecular diagnostic methods to ide