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Author: G. T. Hefter Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0471497088 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 657
Book Description
* Guidelines are provided on the reliability of various methods, as well as information for selecting the appropriate technique. * Unique coverage of the whole range of solubility measurements. * Very useful for investigators interested in embarking upon solubility measurements.
Author: G. T. Hefter Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0471497088 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 657
Book Description
* Guidelines are provided on the reliability of various methods, as well as information for selecting the appropriate technique. * Unique coverage of the whole range of solubility measurements. * Very useful for investigators interested in embarking upon solubility measurements.
Author: G. T. Hefter Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470864273 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 658
Book Description
* Guidelines are provided on the reliability of various methods, as well as information for selecting the appropriate technique. * Unique coverage of the whole range of solubility measurements. * Very useful for investigators interested in embarking upon solubility measurements.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The experimental determination of the solubility of the major off-gas constituent-Nitrogen was performed with a new solubility measurement apparatus. The new apparatus was designed, built and tested; an algorithm for thermodynamic consistency testing of P-T-x-y data for solubility systems was developed, and thermodynamically consistent Nitrogen-R-12 solubility data were taken. The Henry's Law constant for the Nitrogen-R-12 system can be represented by the equation ln H/sub N/sub 2/-R-12/ (atm) = 0.44 + 1.0708 lnT (/sup 0/K). The solubility data extend the range of known equilibrium data into a region where process equipment operate and are consistent with both other data at lower temperatures by other researchers and with regular solution theory.
Author: Craig E. Manning Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119508231 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 373
Book Description
Carbon in Earth's fluid envelopes - the atmosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere, plays a fundamental role in our planet's climate system and a central role in biology, the environment, and the economy of earth system. The source and original quantity of carbon in our planet is uncertain, as are the identities and relative importance of early chemical processes associated with planetary differentiation. Numerous lines of evidence point to the early and continuing exchange of substantial carbon between Earth's surface and its interior, including diamonds, carbon-rich mantle-derived magmas, carbonate rocks in subduction zones and springs carrying deeply sourced carbon-bearing gases. Thus, there is little doubt that a substantial amount of carbon resides in our planet's interior. Yet, while we know it must be present, carbon's forms, transformations and movements at conditions relevant to the interiors of Earth and other planets remain uncertain and untapped. Volume highlights include: - Reviews key, general topics, such as carbonate minerals, the deep carbon cycle, and carbon in magmas or fluids - Describes new results at the frontiers of the field with presenting results on carbon in minerals, melts, and fluids at extreme conditions of planetary interiors - Brings together emerging insights into carbon's forms, transformations and movements through study of the dynamics, structure, stability and reactivity of carbon-based natural materials - Reviews emerging new insights into the properties of allied substances that carry carbon, into the rates of chemical and physical transformations, and into the complex interactions between moving fluids, magmas, and rocks to the interiors of Earth and other planets - Spans the various chemical redox states of carbon, from reduced hydrocarbons to zero-valent diamond and graphite to oxidized CO2 and carbonates - Captures and synthesizes the exciting results of recent, focused efforts in an emerging scientific discipline - Reports advances over the last decade that have led to a major leap forward in our understanding of carbon science - Compiles the range of methods that can be tapped tap from the deep carbon community, which includes experimentalists, first principles theorists, thermodynamic modelers and geodynamicists - Represents a reference point for future deep carbon science research Carbon in Planetary Interiors will be a valuable resource for researchers and students who study the Earth's interior. The topics of this volume are interdisciplinary, and therefore will be useful to professionals from a wide variety of fields in the Earth Sciences, such as mineral physics, petrology, geochemistry, experimentalists, first principles theorists, thermodynamics, material science, chemistry, geophysics and geodynamics.
Author: Adriana De Simone Publisher: ISBN: Category : Drugs Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
During recent years the number of poorly soluble drug candidate has risen sharply and the formulation of poorly soluble compounds for oral delivery now presents one of the most frequent and greatest challenges to formulation scientist in pharmaceutical industry. One of the most attractive options for increasing the release rate is improvement of the solubility and dissolution rate utilizing amorphous forms of the drug and solid dispersion system. In this project GSK-X (BSC II) was employed as a drug model for the formulation of solid dispersion. The aim of this study was to determine the miscibility of drug model GSK-X (BSCII) and excipients to predict if glass solutions are likely to form when drug and polymer are formulated in a solid dispersion system. -- Estimation of drug/excipient miscibility was performed using Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) which were determined experimentally by IGC and computationally using the HSPiP software. Due to poor agreement between the two sets of data, the solid dispersion-forming excipients were chosen on matching the HSPs determined experimentally by IGC. -- Solid state and physical chemical characterization of formulations prepared with 'good' polymers identified as poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(vinyl acetate) and 'bad' polymers such as poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) and Eudragit E 100 obtained by XRPD, MDSC and dissolution showed that experimental results were not in agreement with solubility parameter predictions. It was observed that the manufacturing process and the drug and polymer properties may limit the development of a successful formulation.
Author: Ram B. Gupta Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420005995 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 960
Book Description
Supercritical fluid extraction is an environmentally safe and cost-effective alternative to traditional organic solvents. Carbon dioxide is widely used as the solvent of choice for applications such as caffeine and nicotine extraction due to its mild critical temperature, nontoxicity, nonflammability, and low cost. Introducing the most complete col
Author: G. T. Hefter
Author: G. T. Hefter
Author: G. T. Hefter
Author: Tsair-Wang Chung
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Author: Michael Aaron Raff
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Author: Adriana De Simone
Author: Ram B. Gupta