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Author: Sarah J. Miano Publisher: ISBN: Category : Medical care Languages : en Pages : 184
Book Description
Adolescents and young adults (AYA) faced with complex medical conditions encounter a number of treatment decisions but may have variable levels of desire for involvement in medical decision-making. Currently, there are few studies quantifying decision-making preferences in the AYA population. This dissertation work evaluated the degree of decisional control AYA patients preferred to have in medical decisions and to what extent factors such as self-efficacy for decision-making, social and autonomy support, and self-regulatory skills predict role preferences of decision control. A crosssectional,descriptive correlational design examined AYA patient decision-making role preferences using the Control Preference Scale and explored relationships in a proposed conceptual model of decision control in this population. A total of 46 AYA patients with various complex medical diagnoses completed the study. Overall, the majority of patients preferred active collaborative (39%) or shared decision-making (34%) roles. Further analyses revealed a statistically significant difference based on medical diagnosis in this sample, with oncology AYA patients preferring a more passive role by comparison to non-oncology AYA patients. Time since diagnosis also positively correlated with control preference, with patients preferring a more active level of decisional control as the number of days from diagnosis increased. While no other statistically significant relationships were found between factors put forth in the exploratory study model and decision control, there were strong associations between the factors themselves that warrant future exploration. Self-efficacy for decision-making was strongly correlated with other factors, such as social support, perceived autonomy, and self-regulatory skill. Perceived autonomy and medical diagnosis predicted the degree of shared decisionmaking that was reported by AYA patients in this study. The findings advance the knowledge of AYA preferences for medical decision-making involvement, which enhances our ability to identify patients at risk for low healthcare engagement in their treatment planning and self-management. This dissertation provides a foundation forfuture research to explore the consequences of limited or impaired decisional capacity and preferences for low involvement so that healthcare providers can balance the need to promote self-management with the patient desire for decisional control.
Author: Sarah J. Miano Publisher: ISBN: Category : Medical care Languages : en Pages : 184
Book Description
Adolescents and young adults (AYA) faced with complex medical conditions encounter a number of treatment decisions but may have variable levels of desire for involvement in medical decision-making. Currently, there are few studies quantifying decision-making preferences in the AYA population. This dissertation work evaluated the degree of decisional control AYA patients preferred to have in medical decisions and to what extent factors such as self-efficacy for decision-making, social and autonomy support, and self-regulatory skills predict role preferences of decision control. A crosssectional,descriptive correlational design examined AYA patient decision-making role preferences using the Control Preference Scale and explored relationships in a proposed conceptual model of decision control in this population. A total of 46 AYA patients with various complex medical diagnoses completed the study. Overall, the majority of patients preferred active collaborative (39%) or shared decision-making (34%) roles. Further analyses revealed a statistically significant difference based on medical diagnosis in this sample, with oncology AYA patients preferring a more passive role by comparison to non-oncology AYA patients. Time since diagnosis also positively correlated with control preference, with patients preferring a more active level of decisional control as the number of days from diagnosis increased. While no other statistically significant relationships were found between factors put forth in the exploratory study model and decision control, there were strong associations between the factors themselves that warrant future exploration. Self-efficacy for decision-making was strongly correlated with other factors, such as social support, perceived autonomy, and self-regulatory skill. Perceived autonomy and medical diagnosis predicted the degree of shared decisionmaking that was reported by AYA patients in this study. The findings advance the knowledge of AYA preferences for medical decision-making involvement, which enhances our ability to identify patients at risk for low healthcare engagement in their treatment planning and self-management. This dissertation provides a foundation forfuture research to explore the consequences of limited or impaired decisional capacity and preferences for low involvement so that healthcare providers can balance the need to promote self-management with the patient desire for decisional control.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309309980 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 431
Book Description
Young adulthood - ages approximately 18 to 26 - is a critical period of development with long-lasting implications for a person's economic security, health and well-being. Young adults are key contributors to the nation's workforce and military services and, since many are parents, to the healthy development of the next generation. Although 'millennials' have received attention in the popular media in recent years, young adults are too rarely treated as a distinct population in policy, programs, and research. Instead, they are often grouped with adolescents or, more often, with all adults. Currently, the nation is experiencing economic restructuring, widening inequality, a rapidly rising ratio of older adults, and an increasingly diverse population. The possible transformative effects of these features make focus on young adults especially important. A systematic approach to understanding and responding to the unique circumstances and needs of today's young adults can help to pave the way to a more productive and equitable tomorrow for young adults in particular and our society at large. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults describes what is meant by the term young adulthood, who young adults are, what they are doing, and what they need. This study recommends actions that nonprofit programs and federal, state, and local agencies can take to help young adults make a successful transition from adolescence to adulthood. According to this report, young adults should be considered as a separate group from adolescents and older adults. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults makes the case that increased efforts to improve high school and college graduate rates and education and workforce development systems that are more closely tied to high-demand economic sectors will help this age group achieve greater opportunity and success. The report also discusses the health status of young adults and makes recommendations to develop evidence-based practices for young adults for medical and behavioral health, including preventions. What happens during the young adult years has profound implications for the rest of the life course, and the stability and progress of society at large depends on how any cohort of young adults fares as a whole. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults will provide a roadmap to improving outcomes for this age group as they transition from adolescence to adulthood.
Author: National Research Council and Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309172993 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 31
Book Description
Interest in the role that decision making plays in adolescents' involvement in high-risk behaviors led the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Planning and Evaluation of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to request the Board on Children, Youth, and Families to convene a workshop on adolescent decision making. The Board on Children, Youth, and Families is a joint activity of the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine. A workshop was held on January 6-7, 1998, to examine what is known about adolescents' decision-making skills and the implications of that knowledge for programs to further their healthy development.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309185513 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 366
Book Description
Adolescence is a time of major transition, however, health care services in the United States today are not designed to help young people develop healthy routines, behaviors, and relationships that they can carry into their adult lives. While most adolescents at this stage of life are thriving, many of them have difficulty gaining access to necessary services; other engage in risky behaviors that can jeopardize their health during these formative years and also contribute to poor health outcomes in adulthood. Missed opportunities for disease prevention and health promotion are two major problematic features of our nation's health services system for adolescents. Recognizing that health care providers play an important role in fostering healthy behaviors among adolescents, Adolescent Health Services examines the health status of adolescents and reviews the separate and uncoordinated programs and services delivered in multiple public and private health care settings. The book provides guidance to administrators in public and private health care agencies, health care workers, guidance counselors, parents, school administrators, and policy makers on investing in, strengthening, and improving an integrated health system for adolescents.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309490111 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 493
Book Description
Adolescenceâ€"beginning with the onset of puberty and ending in the mid-20sâ€"is a critical period of development during which key areas of the brain mature and develop. These changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity mark adolescence as a period of opportunity to discover new vistas, to form relationships with peers and adults, and to explore one's developing identity. It is also a period of resilience that can ameliorate childhood setbacks and set the stage for a thriving trajectory over the life course. Because adolescents comprise nearly one-fourth of the entire U.S. population, the nation needs policies and practices that will better leverage these developmental opportunities to harness the promise of adolescenceâ€"rather than focusing myopically on containing its risks. This report examines the neurobiological and socio-behavioral science of adolescent development and outlines how this knowledge can be applied, both to promote adolescent well-being, resilience, and development, and to rectify structural barriers and inequalities in opportunity, enabling all adolescents to flourish.
Author: Jessica W. Berg Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0199747784 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 354
Book Description
Informed consent - as an ethical ideal and legal doctrine - has been the source of much concern to clinicians. Drawing on a diverse set of backgrounds and two decades of research in clinical settings, the authors - a lawyer, a physician, a social scientist, and a philosopher - help clinicians understand and cope with their legal obligations and show how the proper handling of informed consent can improve , rather than impede, patient care. Following a concise review of the ethical and legal foundations of informed consent, they provide detailed, practical suggestions for incorporating informed consent into clinical practice. This completely revised and updated edition discusses how to handle informed consent in all phases of the doctor-patient relationship, use of consent forms, patients' refusals of treatment, and consent to research. It comments on recent laws and national policy, and addresses cutting edge issues, such as fulfilling physician obligations under managed care. This clear and succinct book contains a wealth of information that will not only help clinicians meet the legal requirements of informed consent and understand its ethical underpinnings, but also enhance their ability to deal with their patients more effectively. It will be of value to all those working in areas where issues of informed consent are likely to arise, including medicine, biomedical research, mental health care, nursing, dentistry, biomedical ethics, and law.
Author: Vincent Morelli Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences ISBN: 0323661319 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 274
Book Description
In this comprehensive look at adolescent screening and holistic health in the technology age, Dr. Vincent Morelli reviews the history of the adolescent health screen, what is being used now, and what needs to be considered in the future. An ideal resource for primary care physicians, pediatricians, and others in health care who work with adolescents, it consolidates today’s available information on this timely topic into a single convenient resource. Covers the history of the adolescent medical history and the need for an update of the biopsychosocial model, which has not significantly changed since 1977. Discusses nutrition screening, sleep screening, exercise screening, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) screening, educational screening, behavioral and emotional screening, and more. Presents the knowledge and experience of leading experts who have assembled the most up-to-date recommendations for adolescent health screening. Explores today’s knowledge of health screening and discusses future directions to ensure healthy habits in adolescents, including education and self-efficacy.
Author: Thomas Grisso Publisher: ISBN: 9781568870410 Category : Decision making Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T) is the product of an 8-year study of patients' capacities to make treatment decisions. It is a semi-structured interview that assists clinicians in assessing a patient's competence to consent to treatment. The process provides a patient with information about their medical/psychiatric condition, the type of treatment being recommended, its risks and benefits, as well as other possible treatments and their probable consequences. During this process, the MacCAT-T prompts the clinician to ask questions that assess the patient's understanding, appreciation, and reasoning regarding treatment decisions.The MacCAT-T Manual is a large-format, examiner-friendly field manual for conducting actual competency assessments. The MacCAT-T Record Form is well designed for recording, rating, and summarizing patient responses. The training videotape, Administering the MacCAT-T, demonstrates an actual administration of the test with discussion, comments, and annotations by Drs. Grisso and Appelbaum.The book, Assessing Competence to Consent to Treatment, describes the place of competence in the doctrine of informed consent, analyzes the elements of decision making, and shows how assessments of competence to consent to treatment can be conducted within varied general medical and psychiatric treatment settings. Includes numerous case studies.
Author: Sarah J. Miano
Author: Sarah J. Miano
Author: Michele S. Tsai Owens
Author: National Research Council
Author: National Research Council and Institute of Medicine
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Jessica W. Berg
Author: Vincent Morelli
Author: 
Author: Thomas Grisso