Author: Errol GrinolsPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 36
Book Description
The Effects of Trade Between the U.S. and Developing Countries on U.S. Employment
Author: Errol GrinolsTrade and Employment
Author: Bernard M. HoekmanPublisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Commerce
Languages : en
Pages : 37
Book Description
"The substantial literature investigating the links between trade, trade policy, and labor market outcomes-both returns to labor and employment-has generated a number of stylized facts, but many open questions remain. This paper surveys the subset of the literature focusing on trade policy and integration into the world economy. Although in the longer run trade opportunities can have a major impact in creating more productive and higher paying jobs, this literature tends to take employment as given. A common finding is that much of the shorter run impacts of trade and reforms involve reallocation of labor or wage impacts within sectors. This reflects a pattern of expansion of more productive firms-especially export-oriented or suppliers to exporters-and contraction and adjustment of less productive enterprises in sectors that become subject to greater import competition. Wage responses to trade and trade reforms are generally greater than employment impacts, but trade can only explain a small fraction of the general increase in wage inequality observed in both industrial and developing countries in recent decades. A feature of the literature survey is that the focus is almost exclusively on industries producing goods. Given the importance of service industries as a source of employment and determinants of competitiveness, the paper argues that one priority area for future research is to study the employment effects of services trade and investment reforms. "--World Bank web site.
Trade and Employment in Developing Countries, Volume 1
Author: National Bureau of Economic ResearchPublisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 9780226454924
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 572
Book Description
Monograph comprising a comparison of developing country trade policy effects on employment - presents an evaluation of export promotion trends, import substitution and protectionist measures (incl. Export subsidies, foreign exchange control, import taxes, quota systems, etc.), and discusses relations with labour intensiveness and employment creation, impact on factor market distortion, commodity and industrial product composition in trade, etc. References.
Trade and Employment
Author: Marion JansenPublisher:
ISBN: 9789221253211
Category : Foreign trade and employment
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Trade and Employment in Developing Countries, Volume 1
Author: Anne O. KruegerPublisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226455033
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 559
Book Description
This first book of a three-volume study examines the way trade policies in developing countries affect the level and composition of employment. There is special emphasis on the effects of import substitution policies that attempt to make a country self-sufficient by producing local substitutes for imports, as compared with policies that further the expansion of imports. Ten countries are studied: Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Indonesia, the Ivory Coast, Pakistan, South Korea, Thailand, Tunisia, and Uruguay. The contributors to the volume analyze the link between trade strategies and employment within a common framework, and the analyses of trade policy include the level and structure of protection, the relation of trade policy to labor demand, the labor intensiveness of trade, and the extent of distortions in factor markets and their effects on trade.
Trade and Employment in Developing Countries, Volume 2
Author: Anne O. KruegerPublisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226455041
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 284
Book Description
Factor Supply and Substitution, the second in a three-volume study entitled Trade and Employment in Developing Countries, extends the analysis of trade regimes and employment both in depth for single countries and through cross-country analyses. It provides important new evidence of the effects of different trade policies and of the effects of the various factors that make up these policies—exchange rates, wages, social insurance and other taxes, credit, prices, and so on. All six studies reflect a carefully coordinated research strategy that has been carried out by a first-rate team. The researchers combine technical expertise with specialized knowledge of the individual countries.
Globalization and Informal Jobs in Developing Countries
Author: Marc BacchettaPublisher: World Trade Organization
ISBN: 9789287036919
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
World trade has expanded significantly in recent years, making a major contribution to global growth. Economic growth has not led to a corresponding improvement in working conditions and living standards for many workers. In developing countries, job creation has largely taken place in the informal economy, where around 60 per cent of workers are employed. Most of the workers in the informal economy have almost no job security, low incomes and no social protection, with limited opportunities to benefit from globalization. This study focuses on the relationship between trade And The growth of the informal economy in developing countries. Based on existing academic literature, complemented with new empirical research by the ILO And The WTO, The study discusses how trade reform affects different aspects of the informal economy. it also examines how high rates of informal employment diminish the scope for developing countries to translate trade openness into sustainable long-term growth. The report analyses how well-designed trade and decent-work friendly policies can complement each other so as to promote sustainable development and growing prosperity in developing countries.
Trade and Employment
Author: Harold LydallPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 168
Book Description
U.S. Trade Policy and Global Growth
Author: Robert A. BleckerPublisher: M.E. Sharpe
ISBN: 9781563245305
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 350
Book Description
This collection of essays offers critical perspectives on current issues in the international economy. Divided into four parts, U.S. Trade Policy and Global Growth discusses managed trade and international interdependence, the effect of trade on domestic wages and employment, the costs and benefits of trade protection, and likely effects of NAFTA. The collection also addresses the U.S. trade deficit and presents a Keynesian proposal for international monetary reform. Part IV focuses on issues facing developing countries in the areas of trade, industrial, and financial policy. Rejecting the dogma that pure free-market policies should be accepted as articles of religious faith, in either international trade or domestic policy, the contributors search for trade and macro policies that can achieve balanced growth with high employment and an equitable distribution of income in both the United States and the rest of the world.
The U.S. Trade Deficit
Author: U.S. Trade Deficit Review CommissionPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Balance of trade
Languages : en
Pages : 342
Book Description
"Report of the U.S. Trade Deficit Review Commission, November 14, 2000"--Cover p. [2].