Author: Hugo A. RamirezPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The Effect of Feeding Brown Midrib Corn Silage and Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles on Lactational Performance and Nitrogen Utilization by Lactating Dairy Cows
Author: Hugo A. RamirezCrop-processing and Chop Length Effects in Brown-midrib Corn Silage on Lactation Performance and Digestion by Dairy Cows
Author: Eric C. SchwabStrategic Approaches To Develop Optimal Feeding Program of Brown Midrib Corn Silage to Lactating Dairy Cows in the Intermountain West
Author: Michael Shane HoltPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
In two lactation studies reported in this dissertation, it was hypothesized that feeding 35% brown midrib corn silage (BMRCS) and 25% alfalfa hay (dry matter basis) would result in increased dry matter intake (DMI) around peak lactation compared with feeding conventional corn silage (CCS), causing longer peak milk production, and that feeding dairy cows in early lactation a 16% crude protein diet with fair quality alfalfa hay (FAH) in BMR-based diets would maintain milk production, reduce urinary N excretion, and improve N efficiency compared to those fed high quality alfalfa hay (HAH) in CCS- or BMR-based diets. A third experiment was conducted to assess in situ degradation kinetics of BMRCS harvested prior to or at maturity. The first lactation study was performed to determine the long-term effects of feeding BMRCS fed with a high dietary concentration of good quality alfalfa hay in a high-forage lactation diet on productive performance of Holstein dairy cows for the first 180 d of lactation. Feeding BMRCS-based diet did not affect milk production through peak lactation compared with a CCS-based diet; however, cows fed the BMRCS-based diet maintained heavier body weight through peak lactation and longer peak milk production, which resulted in increased milk yield post peak lactation, leading to greater overall milk production and milk protein yield. A second lactation experiment was performed to investigate if early lactating dairy cows fed with the FAH in BMRCS-based diets would reduce urinary N excretion and improve N efficiency compared to those fed the HAH in CCS- or BMR-based diets. Feeding BMR and HAH had better N utilization by decreasing concentrations of urea in blood, milk, and urine. In addition, feeding BMR-based diets decreased urinary N-to-fecal N ratio, and it was further reduced by feeding the HAH, which can represent an environmental advantage over traditional sources of forages in lactation dairy diets. A third experiment assessed in situ DM and neutral detergent fiber degradation kinetics for two new pre-matured BMR varieties (pmBMR1 and pmBMR2) that can be double-cropped by harvesting at tassel, compared with a sole crop mature BMR (mBMR) and CCS harvested at maturity in dry and lactating Holstein dairy cows. The potentially degradable NDF fraction was greater for BMR hybrids compared with CCS with the exception of the pmBMR2, which had the lowest potentially degradable NDF fraction in dry cows. Estimates of ruminal degradability of NDF were greatest for pmBMR1 in both dry and lactating cows. Feeding BMRCS exerted nutritive and environmental benefits when fed with typical Intermountain West lactation dairy diets. Further research is needed to understand interactive aspects of nutrient utilization with other dietary ingredients under different physiological conditions to take full potential benefits of BMRCS.
Physiological Impacts and Lactational Performance of Dairy Cow Fed Brown Midrib Corn Silage During Dry Period Through Early to Midlactation
Author: Alexandra Windley KelleyPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Developing solutions to the metabolic stress experienced by cows during the transition period is very important because it can negatively influence lactational performance. The objectives were to: 1) compare physiological changes through body weight (BW) and concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and Îø-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) and 2) evaluate feed intake, milk production, and energy balance (EB) of cows fed brown midrib corn silage (BMRCS)-based diets when compared with conventional corn silage (CCS)-based diets during the transition. At 4 wk prior to parturition, 40 dry multiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned treatments. The treatment groups consisted of 2 close-up transition diets (CCS-based and BMRCS-based diet) offered to 2 groups of 20 cows each beginning at 4 wk prepartum. After calving, 10 cows from each prepartum group were individually fed one of four dietary treatments. The four dietary treatments postpartum were defined as follows: 1) CC = CCS-based close-up diet + CCS-based lactation diet; 2) CB = CCS-based close-up diet + BMRCS-based lactation diet; 3) BB = BMRCS-based close-up diet + BMRCS-based lactation diet; 4) BC = BMRCS-based close-up diet + CCS-based lactation diet. Cows were sampled weekly for feed intake, and feed composition was taken monthly. After calving, milk yields were recorded daily and milk components were analyzed monthly. Body weights were taken twice per week on wk -4, -2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20. Blood serum was sampled 3 times per week from wk -4 through 4 and then on wk 6, 8, 14, and 20. Rumen fluid was sampled on wk -4, 4, 8, 14, and 20. Feeding BMRCS-based diets during the transition did have a positive influence on dry matter intake, milk production, and energy balance. Interestingly, feeding BMRCS-based diets only during the close-up period and feeding a CCS-based diet during the lactation had similar positive effects as feeding a BMRCS-based diet through the dry period and during the lactation. This finding is meaningful because producers, especially in the Intermountain West, have experienced BMR crop yields that have been less than that of conventional crop yields and may be unwilling to utilize BMRCS in dairy rations. However, if feeding a BMRCS-based diet for a limited amount of time is beneficial, producers could be more willing to utilize this silage hybrid as an important transition period management tool.
Utilization of Corn Silage by Lactating Dairy Cows
Author: Mehmet Ali BalThe Effect of Feeding Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles on Lactational Performance of Holstein Dairy Cows
Author: Brandy N. JanicekForage Fiber Analyses (apparatus, Reagents, Procedures, and Some Applications)
Author: H. K. GoeringEffects of BM3 Corn Silage on the Lactational Performance of Dairy Cows
Author: Richard A. LonguskiPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corn
Languages : en
Pages : 204
Book Description
Rumenology
Author: Danilo Domingues MillenPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319305336
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 326
Book Description
The book combines information about the behaviour that allowed ruminants to survive and to evolve on Earth: the rumen. Furthermore, the reader will find aspects involving rumen anatomy, physiology, microbiology, fermentation, metabolism, manipulation, kinetics and modeling. Thus, the book was not only organized to help students involved in areas such as ruminant nutrition and ruminant production but collegians gathering material for teaching practices.
Effects of Feeding High-Moisture Corn Grain with Slow-Release Urea in Dairy Diets on Lactational Performance, Energy and Nitrogen Utilization, and Ruminal Fermentation Profiles by Lactating Cows
Author: Braden M. TyePublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The objective of this experiment was to determine if nutrient utilization and energy partitioning by lactating dairy cows would differ in response to dietary corn grain (CG) types [steam-flaked corn (SFC) vs. high-moisture corn (HMC)] and to test if the types of CG would interact with slow-release urea (SRU) on lactational performance and energy utilization. Eight multiparous Holstein cows (32 ℗ł 8.2 days-in-milk) were used in a duplicated 4 ©7 4 Latin square with one square consisting of ruminally cannulated cows. A 2 ©7 2 factorial arrangement was used to test 4 dietary treatments: SFC without SRU, SFC with SRU, HMC without SRU, and HMC with SRU. The experimental diets contained 60.5% dry matter (DM) of forages, whereas 12.9% or 14.4% DM of SFC or HMC was added in the diets, respectively. The SRU was supplemented at 0.46% DM, replacing a mixture of soybean meal and canola meal in a 50:50 ratio. Feeding HMC decreased intakes of DM, crude protein, and fiber compared with SFC. Supplementation of SRU did not affect intakes of DM and nutrients, whereas it tended to increase intakes of DM or increased crude protein intake under SFC but no effect under HMC, leading to CG ©7SRU interactions on DM and crude protein intakes. Neither type of CG nor SRU supplementation affected milk production except that cows fed HMC-based diets tended to decrease energy-corrected milk yield compared to those fed SFC-based diets. Utilization of HMC in the diet had a tendency to increase dairy efficiency based on milk yield over SFC utilization. Cows fed HMC diets gained more body weight (BW) than those fed SFC diets, whereas supplementing SRU tended to reduce BW gain regardless of type of CG. Cows fed HMC diets shifted more net energy into BW compared with those fed SFC diets, whereas supplementing SRU tended to decrease a portion of net energy partitioned into BW gain under both SFC and HMC diets. Dietary treatments exerted minor impacts on ruminal fermentation profiles. Feeding HMC diets decreased fecal N excretion compared with SFC diets. In addition, supplementing SRU increased fecal N excretion under SFC, but it was decreased by SRU with HMC, leading to an interaction between CG and SRU. These collective results demonstrate that feeding HMC with SRU can be a practical option in high-forage lactation diets to maintain or improve nutrient and energy utilization efficiency and minimize negative environmental impacts.