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Author: Lloyd Humberstone Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 0262016540 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 1511
Book Description
In The Connectives, Lloyd Humberstone examines the semantics and pragmatics of natural language sentence connectives (and, or, if, not), giving special attention to their formal behavior according to proposed logical systems and the degree to which such treatments capture their intuitive meanings. It will be an essential resource for philosophers, mathematicians, computer scientists, linguists, or any scholar who finds connectives, and the conceptual issues surrounding them, to be a source of interest.
Author: Lloyd Humberstone Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 0262016540 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 1511
Book Description
In The Connectives, Lloyd Humberstone examines the semantics and pragmatics of natural language sentence connectives (and, or, if, not), giving special attention to their formal behavior according to proposed logical systems and the degree to which such treatments capture their intuitive meanings. It will be an essential resource for philosophers, mathematicians, computer scientists, linguists, or any scholar who finds connectives, and the conceptual issues surrounding them, to be a source of interest.
Author: Mirna Pit Publisher: BRILL ISBN: 9004458565 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 370
Book Description
The Dutch, German and French languages display a variety of regularly used connectives all of which introduce causes, arguments or reasons, such as Dutch omdat, want and aangezien, German weil, denn and da, and French parce que, car and puisque. Why should languages have different connectives to express the notion of backward causality? The central argument developed in this book is that different connectives express different degrees of subjectivity. In a series of corpus analyses it is shown that the degree of subjectivity of the main participant involved in the causal relation strongly predicts the occurrence of one or another connective. Hence, language users have at their disposal connectives of varying degrees of subjectivity. In an analysis of judiciary sentences, it is revealed that speakers are actually sensitive of this semantic distinction, and sometimes even exploit it for their communicative purposes: in order to conceal their subjective involvement, judges prefer objective over subjective connectives. This volume makes a contribution to the study of language in use, by applying empirical methods to authentic language data. It will be of interest to anyone concerned with discourse coherence, perspective and subjectivity, corpus linguistics and cross-linguistic analyses.
Author: Odysseus Makridis Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030673960 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 493
Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the essential elements of standard (classical) symbolic logic. Key topics covered include: · The characteristic nature and scope of logic as a discipline · The construction of a series of distinctly named formal languages suitable for formal translation · Semantic models · The construction of decision procedures · The execution of proof-theoretic arrangements like natural deduction and proof-sequent systems The book covers both the semantics and proof theory of the standard sentential (propositional) logic and predicate (first-order) logic. Other topics covered include: parsing trees, extraction of alternative notations (for instance, Polish notation), Fitch-style proof-theory, sequent and ‘tree’ proof systems, comparisons and contrasts with intuitionistic logic, and presentations of predicate logic models. An ancillary chapter on elements of set theory is conveniently placed at the end and includes insights into the Zermelo-Fraenkel systematization of set theory. The philosophy of logic is also explored. Exercises in the text provide instruction on mathematical induction for the construction of formula, tests for the well-formedness of Polish notation, and functional completeness. Symbolic Logic is essential reading for all philosophy students taking intermediate level formal logic courses and will also appeal to diligent first year students of logic. The text is replete with exercises on both the formal machinery and the philosophical aspects of logic.
Author: J.H. Woods Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402027125 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 387
Book Description
The present work is a fair record of work I've done on the fallacies and related matters in the fifteen years since 1986. The book may be seen as a sequel to Fallacies: Selected papers 1972-1982, which I wrote with Douglas Walton, and which appeared in 1989 with Foris. This time I am on my own. Douglas Walton has, long since, found his own voice, as the saying has it; and so have I. Both of us greatly value the time we spent performing duets, but we also recognize the attractions of solo work. If I had to characterize the difference that has manifested itself in our later work, I would venture that Walton has strayed more, and I less, from what has come to be called the Woods-Walton Approach to the study of fallacies. Perhaps, on reflection "stray" is not the word for it, inasmuch as Walton's deviation from and my fidelity to the WWA are serious matters of methodological principle. The WWA was always conceived of as a way of handling the analysis of various kinds of fallacious argument or reasoning. It was a response to a particular challenge [Hamblin, 1970]. The challenge was that since logicians had allowed the investigation of fallacious reasoning to fall into disgraceful disarray, it was up to them to put things right. Accordingly, the WWA sought these repairs amidst the rich pluralisms of logic in the 1970s and beyond.
Author: Duc Nghia Pham Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030893634 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 628
Book Description
This three-volume set, LNAI 13031, LNAI 13032, and LNAI 13033 constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 18th Pacific Rim Conference on Artificial Intelligence, PRICAI 2021, held in Hanoi, Vietnam, in November 2021.The 93 full papers and 28 short papers presented in these volumes were carefully reviewed and selected from 382 submissions. PRICAI covers a wide range of topics in the areas of social and economic importance for countries in the Pacific Rim: artificial intelligence, machine learning, natural language processing, knowledge representation and reasoning, planning and scheduling, computer vision, distributed artificial intelligence, search methodologies, etc. Part II includes two thematic blocks: Natural Language Processing, followed by Neural Networks and Deep Learning.
Author: Lekh Rej Vermani Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 1911298623 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 641
Book Description
This book provides a broad introduction to some of the most fascinating and beautiful areas of discrete mathematical structures. It starts with a chapter on sets and goes on to provide examples in logic, applications of the principle of inclusion and exclusion and finally the pigeonhole principal. Computational techniques including the principle of mathematical introduction are provided, as well as a study on elementary properties of graphs, trees and lattices. Some basic results on groups, rings, fields and vector spaces are also given, the treatment of which is intentionally simple since such results are fundamental as a foundation for students of discrete mathematics. In addition, some results on solutions of systems of linear equations are discussed./a
Author: Junko Mori Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing ISBN: 9027275513 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 254
Book Description
On the basis of the meticulous transcription/observation process of ‘Conversation Analysis’, this book observes recurrent patterns in sequences where Japanese speakers negotiate agreement and disagreement. It contributes to the growing body of research on ‘interaction and grammar’ by examining how linguistic recourses are utilized for constructing turns and anticipating the upcoming course of interaction. More specifically, it focuses on the recurrent use of two structurally different types of connective expressions: clause-initial connectives and clause-final connective particles. The study examines the occurrences of these causal and contrastive markers with reference to their sequential environment and the resulting interaction. While the introductory chapters situate this approach in the current literature, the main analytical chapters investigate the ways in which ‘delivery of agreement’, ‘delivery of disagreement’, and ‘pursuit for agreement’ are performed with the use of the different types of connective expressions. As one of the earliest conversation analytic studies of Japanese, this book also addresses methodological issues concerning cross-linguistic, cross-cultural studies of human interaction.
Author: Lloyd Humberstone
Author: Lloyd Humberstone
Author: Mirna Pit
Author: 
Author: Odysseus Makridis
Author: Silvia Kouwenberg
Author: J.H. Woods
Author: Duc Nghia Pham
Author: Elisabeth Rudolph
Author: Lekh Rej Vermani
Author: Junko Mori