The Causal Influence of Control Beliefs on Expectations at Work PDF Download

Author: Paul J. Cook
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Control (Psychology)
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 226

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This research proposed that there are fundamental similarities among locus of control beliefs, which are important to social learning theory, and constructs in expectancy theory of work motivation. It was hypothesized that locus of control may impact expectancy theory in two ways: as direct causes of expectancy theory constructs and as boundary conditions for operation of an expectancy theory model. Hypotheses were evaluated by, first, operationalizing an expectancy theory model according to theoretical considerations and findings from other research. Then, with a successfully operationalized model, relationships among expectancy theory variables and locus of control were evaluated. A policy-capturing task was used to model characteristics of a military training situation and to derive values for expectancy theory variables. Within-subjects analyses evaluated the model for each subject, and between-subjects path analyses evaluated relationships with locus of control. The expectancy theory model predicted effort for the majority of subjects, but amount of variance accounted for varied widely among subjects. Path analyses confirmed several expected relationships, none of which were strong, and did not confirm others. There was no support for the hypothesis that locus of control serves as a boundary condition for expectancy theory.

Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080961800
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 2475

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The Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, Second Edition, Three Voluime Set is an award-winning three-volume reference on human action and reaction, and the thoughts, feelings, and physiological functions behind those actions. Presented alphabetically by title, 300 articles probe both enduring and exciting new topics in physiological psychology, perception, personality, abnormal and clinical psychology, cognition and learning, social psychology, developmental psychology, language, and applied contexts. Written by leading scientists in these disciplines, every article has been peer-reviewed to establish clarity, accuracy, and comprehensiveness. The most comprehensive reference source to provide both depth and breadth to the study of human behavior, the encyclopedia will again be a much-used reference source. This set appeals to public, corporate, university and college libraries, libraries in two-year colleges, and some secondary schools. Carefully crafted, well written, and thoroughly indexed, the encyclopedia helps users—whether they are students just beginning formal study of the broad field or specialists in a branch of psychology—understand the field and how and why humans behave as we do. Named a 2013 Outstanding Academic Title by the American Library Association's Choice publication Concise entries (ten pages on average) provide foundational knowledge of the field Each article features suggested further readings, a list of related websites, a 5-10 word glossary and a definition paragraph, and cross-references to related articles in the encyclopedi Newly expanded editorial board and a host of international contributors from the United States, Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Japan, Sweden, and the United Kingdom

Author: Miroslaw Kofta
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475729014
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 479

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This new study presents exciting international research developments on personal control and self-regulation. Each chapter examines the subject at a different level of analysis to foster a complete understanding. Brief synopses of each chapter are provided as introductions to the three major sections of the book. These sections cover the person as an agent of control, affective and cognitive mechanisms of executive agency, and reactions to threatened control.

Author: Mario Gollwitzer
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889454452
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 236

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From Pavlov's dog expecting food when hearing a bell to stereotypes as expectations about other people’s behaviour, from Bandura’s self-efficacy as expectation for success and failure of one’s own behaviour to the "predictive brain" concept in current perception theories: expectations have been a central construct in different areas of psychological research. In each of these areas, specific concepts, theoretical approaches, and empirical methods have been developed to explain when and why expectations persist and when they do not. Many theories assume that expectations are likely to change in the face of disconfirming evidence. However, sometimes expectations persist even though they are empirically violated, suggesting that they can be “sticky” under certain circumstances. But what are these circumstances? And what are the psychological mechanisms that can explain why and when expectations persist or change after being confronted with expectation-violating evidence? Each contribution of the current book offers insights into individuals’ reactions to violations of expectations. They show that many pieces of the puzzle have been collected in the many sub-displiclines of psychology and that putting them together in an integrative fashion stays a fascinating enterprise.

Author: Dolores Albarracin
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351712403
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 664

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Attitudes are evaluations of people, places, things, and ideas. They help us to navigate through a complex world. They provide guidance for decisions about which products to buy, how to travel to work, or where to go on vacation. They color our perceptions of others. Carefully crafted interventions can change attitudes and behavior. Yet, attitudes, beliefs, and behavior are often formed and changed in casual social exchanges. The mere perception that other people favor something, say, rich people, may be sufficient to make another person favor it. People’s own actions also influence their attitudes, such that they adjust to be more supportive of the actions. People’s belief systems even change to align with and support their preferences, which at its extreme is a form of denial for which people lack awareness. These two volumes provide authoritative, critical surveys of theory and research about attitudes, beliefs, persuasion, and behavior from key authors in these areas. The first volume covers theoretical notions about attitudes, the beliefs and behaviors to which they are linked, and the degree to which they are held outside of awareness. It also discusses motivational and cultural determinants of attitudes, influences of attitudes on behavior, and communication and persuasion. The second volume covers applications to measurement, behavior prediction, and interventions in the areas of cancer, HIV, substance use, diet, and exercise, as well as in politics, intergroup relations, aggression, migrations, advertising, accounting, education, and the environment.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertation abstracts
Languages : en
Pages : 760

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Author: Dolores Albarracin
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1135626170
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 841

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This new handbook presents, synthesizes, and integrates the existing knowledge of methods, theories, and data in attitudes. The editors' goal is to promote an understanding of the broader principles underlying attitudes across several disciplines. Divided into three parts: one on definitions and methods; another on the relations of attitudes with beliefs, behavior, and affect; and a final one that integrates these relations into the broader areas of cognitive processes, communication and persuasion, social influence, and applications, the handbook also features an innovative chapter on implicit versus explicit attitudes. With contributions from the top specialists, this handbook features unique collaborations between researchers, some who have never before worked together. Every writer was encouraged to work from as unbiased a perspective as possible. A "must have" for researchers in the areas of social, political, health, clinical, counseling, and consumer psychology, marketing, and communication, the handbook will also serve as an excellent reference for advanced courses on attitudes in a variety of departments.

Author: Gabriele Oettingen
Publisher: Guilford Publications
ISBN: 1462534414
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 569

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Why do people spend so much time thinking about the future, imagining scenarios that may never occur, and making (often unrealistic) predictions ? This volume brings together leading researchers from multiple psychological subdisciplines to explore the central role of future-thinking in human behavior across the lifespan. It presents cutting-edge work on the mechanisms involved in visualizing, predicting, and planning for the future. Implications are explored for such important domains as well-being and mental health, academic and job performance, ethical decision making, and financial behavior. Throughout, chapters highlight effective self-regulation strategies that help people pursue and realize their short- and long-term goals. ÿ

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government reports announcements & index
Languages : en
Pages : 1312

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