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Author: Brian Robinson Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9789402411904 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 218
Book Description
Investigations into Calabar beans (the dried ripe seeds of Physostigma venenosum) and their alkaloidal components compose a classical scientific journey throughout some one-and-a-half centuries and not only represent a fascinating aspect of the history of medicine but which is, moreover, still ongoing at the forefront of chemical and medical discovery. Those in particular involving its major such component, l-physostigmine, have led to an understanding of some of the fundamental mechanisms occurring in physiology, pharmacology and biochemistry and, either actually or potentially (by providing a template and thereby acting as a “lead compound”) have provided a useful treatment for a variety of neurological disorders associated with irregularities in cholinergic transmission in which augmentation of cholinergic activity has proved to be beneficial. Physostigma venenosum is distributed throughout equatorial West Africa and having a colourful history – by virtue of their former use as an ordeal poison in trials for witchcraft in the Efik society of Old Calabar – are its dried ripe seeds (Calabar beans). The major toxic compound isolated from these, l-physostigmine, which is also known as eserine and is the only alkaloid as yet also to be isolated from a microbial source (along with l-N(8)-norphysostigmine) and is the first alkaloid found to contain a 1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole ring system, and the first natural product found to contain a carbamyl group. It also became one of the first examples whereby the mechanism of action of a drug could be defined at the molecular level relatively simply, played a crucial role in the Nobel Prize – winning discovery of the mechanism of neurohumoral transmission, and has led to products for the treatment of a wide range of disorders associated with deficiencies in cholinergic transmission. Several other alkaloids have also been isolated from the Calabar bean. For some of these, structures have been established, syntheses effected and pharmacology investigated.
Author: Brian Robinson Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9789402411904 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 218
Book Description
Investigations into Calabar beans (the dried ripe seeds of Physostigma venenosum) and their alkaloidal components compose a classical scientific journey throughout some one-and-a-half centuries and not only represent a fascinating aspect of the history of medicine but which is, moreover, still ongoing at the forefront of chemical and medical discovery. Those in particular involving its major such component, l-physostigmine, have led to an understanding of some of the fundamental mechanisms occurring in physiology, pharmacology and biochemistry and, either actually or potentially (by providing a template and thereby acting as a “lead compound”) have provided a useful treatment for a variety of neurological disorders associated with irregularities in cholinergic transmission in which augmentation of cholinergic activity has proved to be beneficial. Physostigma venenosum is distributed throughout equatorial West Africa and having a colourful history – by virtue of their former use as an ordeal poison in trials for witchcraft in the Efik society of Old Calabar – are its dried ripe seeds (Calabar beans). The major toxic compound isolated from these, l-physostigmine, which is also known as eserine and is the only alkaloid as yet also to be isolated from a microbial source (along with l-N(8)-norphysostigmine) and is the first alkaloid found to contain a 1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole ring system, and the first natural product found to contain a carbamyl group. It also became one of the first examples whereby the mechanism of action of a drug could be defined at the molecular level relatively simply, played a crucial role in the Nobel Prize – winning discovery of the mechanism of neurohumoral transmission, and has led to products for the treatment of a wide range of disorders associated with deficiencies in cholinergic transmission. Several other alkaloids have also been isolated from the Calabar bean. For some of these, structures have been established, syntheses effected and pharmacology investigated.
Author: Thomas Richard Fraser Publisher: Kessinger Publishing ISBN: 9781437031683 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 76
Book Description
This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.
Author: Thomas Richard Fraser Publisher: Forgotten Books ISBN: 9780266818991 Category : Languages : en Pages : 78
Book Description
Excerpt from On the Physiological Action of the Calabar Bean: Physostigma Venenosum, Balf Consciousness is preserved during the whole time. Until the power of expres sion is lost. During incomplete paralysis, proofs of sensation may be obtained by pinching the ears or pricking the skin. Immediately after death the pupils dilate. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: R. H. F. Manske Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483221997 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 687
Book Description
The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Physiology, Volume X focuses on the structure of alkaloids. This book discusses the occurrence of glycoalkaloids and alkamines, jerveratrum alkaloids, and erythrophleum alkaloids containing a C-4 carbomethoxy group. The mass spectra of lycopodium alkaloids, alkaloids of the Calabar bean, and benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids with three oxygenated substituents are also elaborated. This publication likewise covers the biogenesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, simple indole bases, biogenesis of the picralima alkaloids, and stereochemistry of the uncarines. Other topics include plants and their contained alkaloids, lycodine and related alkaloids, and a-naphthaphenanthridine alkaloids. This volume is suitable for chemists and specialists working in the field of alkaloid chemistry.
Author: Brian Robinson
Author: Brian Robinson
Author: Thomas Richard Fraser
Author: Thomas NUNNELEY
Author: Sir Thomas Richard Fraser
Author: Thomas Richard Fraser
Author: Thomas R. Fraser
Author: Thomas Richard Fraser
Author: Pankaj Devdatta Rege
Author: Thomas Richard Fraser
Author: R. H. F. Manske