Author: Malgorzata Kloc Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030518493 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 616
Book Description
This volume presents a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in symbiosis research. It covers molecular, organellar, cellular, immunologic, genetic and evolutionary aspects of symbiotic interactions in humans and other model systems. The book also highlights new approaches to interdisciplinary research and therapeutic applications. Symbiosis refers to any mutually beneficial interaction between different organisms. The symbiotic origin of cellular organelles and the exchange of genetic material between hosts and their bacterial and viral symbionts have helped shaped the current diversity of life. Recently, symbiosis has gained a new level of recognition, due to the realization that all organisms function as a holobiome and that any kind of interference with the hosts influences their symbionts and vice versa, and can have profound consequences for the survival of both. For example, in humans, the microbiome, i.e., the entirety of all the microorganisms living in association with the intestines, oral cavity, urogenital system and skin, is partially inherited during pregnancy and influences the maturation and functioning of the human immune system, protects against pathogens and regulates metabolism. Symbionts also regulate cancer development, wound healing, tissue regeneration and stem cell function. The medical applications of this new realization are vast and largely uncharted. The composition and robustness of human symbionts could make them a valuable diagnostic tool for predicting impending diseases, and the manipulation of symbionts could yield new strategies for the treatment of incurable diseases.
Author: William B. Miller Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000909182 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 329
Book Description
Cognition-Based Evolution is the first comprehensive alternative to 20th-century Neodarwinism, proposing a radical 21st-century evolutionary framework with a novel point of origination: all cells are intelligent and must measure uncertain environmental information to sustain themselves. In Cognition-Based Evolution, life is defined by cognition. From this differential stance, evolutionary biology transforms into the science of why, how, what, and with whom cells measure and communicate under stressful environmental conditions. Life's context is uncertain environmental information, communication is its means, and genes are its tools. Evolution is its yield as continuous non-random self-referential cellular problem-solving.
Author: Neil W. Blackstone Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031060598 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 125
Book Description
In the mid- to late-twentieth century, large scientific conflicts flared in two seemingly distinct fields of scientific inquiry. In bioenergetics, which examines how organisms obtain and utilize energy, the chemiosmotic hypothesis of Mitchell suggested a novel mechanism for energy conversion. In evolutionary biology, meanwhile, Wynne Edwards strongly articulated the view that organisms may act for the “good of the group.” This work crystalized a long history of imprecise thinking about the evolution of cooperation. While both controversies have received ample attention, no one has ever suggested that one might inform the other, i.e., that energy metabolism in general and chemiosmosis in particular might be relevant to the evolution of cooperation. The central idea is nevertheless remarkably simple. Chemiosmosis rapidly converts energy, and once storage capacity is exceeded, an overabundance of product has various negative consequences. While to some extent chemiosmotic processes can be modulated, under certain circumstances it is also possible to simply disperse the products into the environment. This book argues that these two heretofore distinct scientific disciplines are connected, thereby suggesting that a ubiquitous process of energy conversion may underlie the evolution of cooperation and link major transitions in the history of life that have been regarded as mechanistically unrelated.
Author: David P. Mindell Publisher: Princeton University Press ISBN: 0691228760 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 272
Book Description
Why evolution is like a network, not a family tree—and why it matters for understanding the health of all living things In The Network of Life, David Mindell explains why the conventional narrative of evolution needs to evolve. Ever since Darwin, evolution has largely been thought to work like a family tree in which species are related through a series of branching events. But, today, a growing knowledge of the ways species share genetic materials in a process known as horizontal evolution has revealed that evolution is actually a network of shared genealogy in which species are more interconnected than previously thought. In this book, Mindell presents this new narrative of life’s evolution and its profound implications for all life on Earth. The Network of Life describes the drivers of horizontal evolution—interbreeding and genetic recombination, the merger of species, horizontal gene transfer, and coevolution. The network view of evolution that emerges supports a new symbiotic theory of health, which holds that the future health of humans, other species, and our shared environments depends on evolution and adaptation across life’s network. Difficult times lie ahead for many of Earth’s species as climates and habitats transform. At the same time, new and altered life-forms are arising and spreading in association with human activities. We are also learning to reshape and create life by mimicking the mechanisms of horizontal evolution, and we are coevolving with technology as we enhance our bodies, brains, and life spans. The Network of Life shows why and how increasing our knowledge of horizontal evolution can provide critical lessons as we navigate our looming challenges.
Author: Carole Clements Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 1000930750 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 152
Book Description
This text critically examines, argues, and demonstrates how the sex-positive movement is complicit in the perpetuation of White Supremacy and anti-black bias in the field of human sexualities, offering white sexuality professionals embodied ethical antiracist strategies for sexual inclusion and transformational change. In a world where whiteness is considered the sexual and bodily norm, Carole Clements proposes that the sex-positive movement has failed to examine how it maintains White Supremacy through the guise of inclusivity, and how the lack of a critical understanding of what "sex-positive" means has caused harm to black, indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) individuals and communities alike. Pivoting away from a sex-positive/sex-negative binary, this book establishes a sex-critical discourse by introducing and operationalizing the term "White-sex Supremacy" to produce a racially just and embodied sexual ethic. Chapters begin by looking at sexual science and its racial origins, recounting how both the science of sex and that of race strived for positivist legitimacy in the same historical moment. Moving from the social construction of racial and sexual hierarchies, chapters look at eugenics and sexology’s early "sex-positive" pioneers, such as Margaret Sanger and Havelock Ellis, before examining the establishment of a race-evasive yet distinctly white sexual normality reliant on sex-positive framing. It shows how sex positivity became a popularized term without a clear definition other than "good," and how the legacy of white fragility leads to complicit white silence and the erasure of Black sexualities. Theoretical, practical, and accessible, it offers tangible methods for white sexuality professionals and scholars to learn accompliceship (over allyship) to promote antiracist sexual justice activism. This book is essential reading for white sexuality professionals, including sex educators, sex therapists, marriage and family therapists, licensed professional counselors, psychotherapists, gynecologists, and nurses, who are committed to examining their whiteness in the context of their commitment to sex positivity.
Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 012820804X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 486
Book Description
Lipids in Plants and Algae: From Fundamental Science to Industrial Applications, Volume 101 provides in-depth reviews on the most important aspects of the field. Topics in this volume encompass the most recent data about the physical properties of membrane lipids, lipid biosynthesis and metabolism (including glycerolipids, fatty acids, sterols, N-acylethanolamines, prostaglandins, phytoprostane), lipid storage, acyl flux, the dynamic and transport of glycerolipids, and the conversion of fatty acids into hydrocarbons. Lipid metabolism and lipidomics in plants and algae are one of the most challenging areas in biology, not only for fundamental research but also for the sustainable production of valuable molecules for green chemistry, including biofuel and health. - Includes sections on fatty acid synthesis, lipid storage and hydrocarbon production - Covers biophysics, biochemistry, metabolism and the bioengineering of plant and algae lipids - Provides readers with a comprehensive resource on lipid dynamics and fluxes in plants and algae
Author: Eduardo Jacob-Lopes Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323993834 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 676
Book Description
Handbook of Food and Feed From Microalgae: Production, Application, Regulation, and Sustainability is a comprehensive resource on all aspects of using microalgae in food and feed. This book covers applied processes, including the utilization of compounds found in microalgae, the development of food products with microalgae biomass in their composition, the use of microalgae in animal nutrition, and associated challenges and recent advances in this field. Written by global leading experts in microalgae, this book begins with the fundamentals of food and feed, including microalgal biodiversity, biogeography, and nutritional purposes. The book continues to describe compounds found within microalgae such as proteins, pigments, and antioxidants. It explains the process incorporation of microalgae into meat, dairy, beverage, and wheat products as well as real-world food applications in finfish aquaculture, mollusk, poultry, and pet feeding. The book concludes by discussing challenges and issues in the field, encompassing bioavailability, bio-accessibility, and how to address safety, regulatory, market, economics, and sustainability concerns. This book is a valuable resource for aquaculturists, food scientists, and advanced undergraduate and graduate students interested in microalgae as a sustainable food and feed ingredient. - Examines current data behind the food and feed production using microalgae-based processes - Analyzes and details the use of microalgae across industries and disciplines - Addresses and offers solutions to safety, market, sustainability, and economic issues
Author: Osmo Otto Paivio Hanninen; Mustafa Atalay; B.P. Mansourian; A. Wojtezak; S.M. Mahfouz; Harry Majewski; Elaine Elisabetsky; Nina L. Etkin; Ralph Kirby; T.G. Downing and M.I. El Gohary Publisher: EOLSS Publications ISBN: 1848263848 Category : Languages : en Pages : 424
Book Description
Medical and Health Sciences is a component of Encyclopedia of Biological, Physiological and Health Sciences in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. These volume set contains several chapters, each of size 5000-30000 words, with perspectives, applications and extensive illustrations. It carries state-of-the-art knowledge in the fields of Medical and Health Sciences and is aimed, by virtue of the several applications, at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students, Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers and NGOs.
Author: Malgorzata Kloc
Author: William B. Miller
Author: Neil W. Blackstone
Author: Arun Kumar Mishra
Author: David P. Mindell
Author: Carole Clements
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Author: Eduardo Jacob-Lopes
Author: Osmo Otto Paivio Hanninen; Mustafa Atalay; B.P. Mansourian; A. Wojtezak; S.M. Mahfouz; Harry Majewski; Elaine Elisabetsky; Nina L. Etkin; Ralph Kirby; T.G. Downing and M.I. El Gohary