Author: Anne C. WilberPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 38
Book Description
Surface Emissivity Maps for Use in Satellite Retrievals of Longwave Radiation
Author: Anne C. WilberSurface Emissivity Maps for Use in Satellite Retrievals of Longwave Radiation
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Adm NasaPublisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781723764967
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 36
Book Description
Accurate accounting of surface emissivity is essential for the retrievals of surface temperature from remote sensing measurements, and for the computations of longwave (LW) radiation budget of the Earth's surface. Past studies of the above topics assumed that emissivity for all surface types, and across the entire LW spectrum is equal to unity. There is strong evidence, however, that emissivity of many surface materials is significantly lower than unity, and varies considerably across the LW spectrum. We have developed global maps of surface emissivity for the broadband LW region, the thermal infrared window region (8-12 micron), and 12 narrow LW spectral bands. The 17 surface types defined by the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme (IGBP) were adopted as such, and an additional (18th) surface type was introduced to represent tundra-like surfaces. Laboratory measurements of spectral reflectances of 10 different surface materials were converted to corresponding emissivities. The 10 surface materials were then associated with 18 surface types. Emissivities for the 18 surface types were first computed for each of the 12 narrow spectral bands. Emissivities for the broadband and the window region were then constituted from the spectral band values by weighting them with Planck function energy distribution.Wilber, Anne C. and Kratz, David P. and Gupta, Shashi K.Langley Research CenterSURFACE TEMPERATURE; TEMPERATURE SENSORS; SURFACE PROPERTIES; COMPUTATION; LONG WAVE RADIATION; ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; TUNDRA; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; SPECTRAL BANDS; LITHOSPHERE; INFRARED WINDOWS; ENERGY BUDGETS; EMISSIVITY; BROADBAND; BIOSPHERE
Global LAnd Surface Satellite (GLASS) Products
Author: Shunlin LiangPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3319025880
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
This book describes the algorithms, validation and preliminary analysis of the Global LAnd Surface Satellite (GLASS) products, a long-term, high-quality dataset that is now freely available worldwide to government organizations and agencies, scientific research institutions, students and members of the general public. The GLASS products include leaf area index, broadband albedo, broadband emissivity, downward shortwave radiation and photosynthetically active radiation. The first three GLASS products cover 1981 to 2012 with 1km and 5km spatial resolutions and 8-day temporal resolution, and the last two GLASS products span 2008 to 2010 with 3-hour temporal resolution and 5km spatial resolution. These GLASS products are unique. The first three are spatially continuous and cover the longest period of time among all current similar satellite products. The other two products are the highest spatial-resolution global radiation products from satellite observations that are currently available. These products can be downloaded from Beijing Normal University at http://glass-product.bnu.edu.cn/ and the University of Maryland Global Land Cover Facility at http://www.glcf.umd.edu/ The GLASS products are the outcome of a key research project entitled “Generation & Applications of Global Products of Essential Land Variables”, supported by funding from the High-Tech Research and Development Program of China and involving dozens of institutions and nearly one hundred scientists and researchers. Following an introduction, the book contains five chapters corresponding to these five GLASS products: background, algorithm, quality control and validation, preliminary analysis and applications. It discusses the long-term environmental changes detected from the GLASS products and other data sources at both global and local scales and also provides detailed analysis of regional hotspots where environmental changes are mainly associated with climate change, drought, land-atmosphere interactions, and human activities. The book is based primarily on a set of published journal papers about these five GLASS products and includes updated information. Since these products have now begun to be widely used, this book is an essential reference document. It is also a very helpful resource to anyone interested in satellite remote sensing and its applications.
Research on Deriving Consistent Land Surface Temperature from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite Series
Author: Li FangPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geostationary satellites
Languages : en
Pages : 172
Book Description
Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) have been continuously monitoring earth surface since early 1970. The frequent observations provided by GOES sensors make them attractive for deriving information on the diurnal land surface temperature (LST) cycle and diurnal temperature range. These parameters are of great value for the research on the Earth's diurnal variability and climate change. Accurate extraction of satellite-based LSTs has long been an interesting and challenging research area in thermal remote sensing. However, derivation of LST from satellite measurements is a difficult task because surface emitted thermal infrared radiance is dependent on both land surface temperature and land surface emissivity (LSE), two closely coupled variables. Satellite LST retrievals have been conducted for over forty years from a variety of polar-orbiting satellites and geostationary satellites. Literature relevant to satellite-based LST retrieval techniques have been reviewed. Specifically, the evolution of two LST algorithm families, temperature and emissivity separation method (TES) and Split Window (SW) approach, have been studied in this work. This work also summarizes the LST retrieval methods especially adopted for geostationary satellites. All the existing methods could be a valuable reference to develop the LST retrieval algorithms for generating GOES LST product. The primary objective of this study is the development of models for deriving consistent GOES LSTs with high spatial and high temporal coverage. Proper LST retrieval algorithms will be studied according to the characteristics of sensors onboard the GOES series. A new TES approach is proposed in this study for deriving LST and LSE simultaneously by using multiple-temporal satellite observations from GOES 8 to GOES 12 series. Two split-window regression formulas are selected for this approach, and two satellite observations over the same geolocation within a certain time interval are utilized. This method is particularly applicable to geostationary satellite missions from which qualified multiple-temporal observations are available. Dual-window LST algorithm is adopted to derive LST from GOES M (12)-Q series. Instead of using conventional training method to generate optimum coefficients of the LST regression algorithms, a regression tree technique is introduced to automatically select the criteria and the boundary of the sub-ranges for generating algorithm coefficients under different conditions. GOES measurements as well as ancillary data, including satellite and solar geometry, water vapor, cloud mask, land emissivity etc., have been collected to test the performance of the proposed LST retrieval algorithms. In addition, in order to validate the retrieval precision, the satellite-based temperature will be compared against ground truth temperatures, which include direct skin temperature measurements from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program (ARM), as well as indirect measurements like surface long-wave radiation observations over six vegetated sites from the SURFace RADiation Budget (SURFRAD) Network. The validation results demonstrate that the proposed GOES LST algorithms are capable of deriving consistent surface temperatures with good retrieval precision. Consistent GOES LST retrievals with high spatial and temporal coverage are expected to better serve the detections and observations of meteorological phenomena and climate change over the land surface.
Recent Advances in Quantitative Remote Sensing
Author: José A. SobrinoPublisher: Anaya -Spain
ISBN: 9788437055152
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1056
Book Description
Remote Sensing Monitoring of Land Surface Temperature (LST)
Author: Juan Manuel SánchezPublisher: Mdpi AG
ISBN: 9783036514284
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 338
Book Description
This book is a collection of recent developments, methodologies, calibration and validation techniques, and applications of thermal remote sensing data and derived products from UAV-based, aerial, and satellite remote sensing. A set of 15 papers written by a total of 70 authors was selected for this book. The published papers cover a wide range of topics, which can be classified in five groups: algorithms, calibration and validation techniques, improvements in long-term consistency in satellite LST, downscaling of LST, and LST applications and land surface emissivity research.
NASA Langley Scientific and Technical Information Output: 1999
Author: Advancing Earth Surface Representation via Enhanced Use of Earth Observations in Monitoring and Forecasting Applications
Author: Gianpaolo BalsamoPublisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039210645
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 260
Book Description
The representation of the Earth's surface in global monitoring and forecasting applications is moving towards capturing more of the relevant processes, while maintaining elevated computational efficiency and therefore a moderate complexity. These schemes are developed and continuously improved thanks to well instrumented field-sites that can observe coupled processes occurring at the surface–atmosphere interface (e.g., forest, grassland, cropland areas and diverse climate zones). Approaching global kilometer-scale resolutions, in situ observations alone cannot fulfil the modelling needs, and the use of satellite observation becomes essential to guide modelling innovation and to calibrate and validate new parameterization schemes that can support data assimilation applications. In this book, we review some of the recent contributions, highlighting how satellite data are used to inform Earth surface model development (vegetation state and seasonality, soil moisture conditions, surface temperature and turbulent fluxes, land-use change detection, agricultural indicators and irrigation) when moving towards global km-scale resolutions.
Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity Retrieval from Satellite Measurements
Author: Prasanjit DashQuantitative Remote Sensing of Land Surfaces
Author: Shunlin LiangPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471723711
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 562
Book Description
Processing the vast amounts of data on the Earth's land surface environment generated by NASA's and other international satellite programs is a significant challenge. Filling a gap between the theoretical, physically-based modelling and specific applications, this in-depth study presents practical quantitative algorithms for estimating various land surface variables from remotely sensed observations. A concise review of the basic principles of optical remote sensing as well as practical algorithms for estimating land surface variables quantitatively from remotely sensed observations. Emphasizes both the basic principles of optical remote sensing and practical algorithms for estimating land surface variables quantitatively from remotely sensed observations Presents the current physical understanding of remote sensing as a system with a focus on radiative transfer modelling of the atmosphere, canopy, soil and snow Gathers the state of the art quantitative algorithms for sensor calibration, atmospheric and topographic correction, estimation of a variety of biophysical and geoph ysical variables, and four-dimensional data assimilation