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Author: K.-H. Mess Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9789810227906 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
The main topic of the book are the superconducting dipole and quadrupole magnets needed in high-energy accelerators and storage rings for protons, antiprotons or heavy ions. The basic principles of low-temperature superconductivity are outlined with special emphasis on the effects which are relevant for accelerator magnets. Properties and fabrication methods of practical superconductors are described. Analytical methods for field calculation and multipole expansion are presented for coils without and with iron yoke. The effect of yoke saturation and geometric distortions on field quality is studied. Persistent magnetization currents in the superconductor and eddy currents the copper part of the cable are analyzed in detail and their influence on field quality and magnet performance is investigated. Superconductor stability, quench origins and propagation and magnet protection are addressed. Some important concepts of accelerator physics are introduced which are needed to appreciate the demanding requirements on field quality in large storage rings. The operational experience with the superconducting HERA collider serves as an illustration. Finally superconducting correction coils and practical construction and fabrication methods of accelerator magnets are discussed. The physical and technical principles described in the book are substantiated with a wealth of experimental data on multipoles, persistent- and eddy-current effects, quench performance and much more.
Author: K.-H. Mess Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9789810227906 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
The main topic of the book are the superconducting dipole and quadrupole magnets needed in high-energy accelerators and storage rings for protons, antiprotons or heavy ions. The basic principles of low-temperature superconductivity are outlined with special emphasis on the effects which are relevant for accelerator magnets. Properties and fabrication methods of practical superconductors are described. Analytical methods for field calculation and multipole expansion are presented for coils without and with iron yoke. The effect of yoke saturation and geometric distortions on field quality is studied. Persistent magnetization currents in the superconductor and eddy currents the copper part of the cable are analyzed in detail and their influence on field quality and magnet performance is investigated. Superconductor stability, quench origins and propagation and magnet protection are addressed. Some important concepts of accelerator physics are introduced which are needed to appreciate the demanding requirements on field quality in large storage rings. The operational experience with the superconducting HERA collider serves as an illustration. Finally superconducting correction coils and practical construction and fabrication methods of accelerator magnets are discussed. The physical and technical principles described in the book are substantiated with a wealth of experimental data on multipoles, persistent- and eddy-current effects, quench performance and much more.
Author: R.G. Sharma Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319137131 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 427
Book Description
This book presents the basics and applications of superconducting magnets. It explains the phenomenon of superconductivity, theories of superconductivity, type II superconductors and high-temperature cuprate superconductors. The main focus of the book is on the application to superconducting magnets to accelerators and fusion reactors and other applications of superconducting magnets. The thermal and electromagnetic stability criteria of the conductors and the present status of the fabrication techniques for future magnet applications are addressed. The book is based on the long experience of the author in studying superconducting materials, building magnets and numerous lectures delivered to scholars. A researcher and graduate student will enjoy reading the book to learn various aspects of magnet applications of superconductivity. The book provides the knowledge in the field of applied superconductivity in a comprehensive way.
Author: V. Al'tov Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461341159 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 343
Book Description
I am indeed pleased to prepare this brief foreword for this book, written by several of my friends and colleagues in the Soviet Union. The book was first published in the Russian language in Moscow in 1975. The phenomenon of superconductivity was discovered in 1911 and promised to be important to the production of electromagnets since superconductors would not dissipate Joule heat. Unfortunate ly the first materials which were discovered to be superconducting reverted to the normal resistive state in magnetic fields of a few tesla. Thus the development that was hoped for by hundredths of a the early pioneers was destined to be delayed for over half a century. In 1961 the intermetallic compound NbaSn was found to be superconducting in a field of about 200 teslas. This breakthrough marked a turning point, and 50 years after the discovery of superconductivity an intensive period of technological development began. There are many applications of superconductivity that are now being pursued, but perhaps one of the most important is super conducting magnetic systems. There was a general feeling in the early 1960s that the intermetallic compounds and alloys that were found to retain superconductivity in the presence of high magnetic fields would make the commercialization of superconducting magnets a relatively simple matter. However, the next few years were ones of disillusionment; large magnets were found to be unstable, causing them to revert to the normal state at much lower magnetic fields than predicted.
Author: H. Brechna Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783642807237 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The renaissance of magnet technology started in the early 1950s with the establishment of high-energy accelerators. About a decade later in 1961, or fifty years after the discovery of superconductivity, high-field superconducting laboratory magnets became a reality. Conventional still the major beam-handling and experimen electromagnets, which are tal devices used in laboratories, operate at zero efficiency. To generate high magnetic fields in a useful volume, considerable amounts of power are needed. Superconducting d. c. magnets do not require any power at all. It is somewhat depressing to note that, sixty years after the first superconductor was tested, the experimental d. c. superconducting mag net is still the only large-scale equipment operated in laboratories. Al though there has been considerable activity in the area of superconduc tivity, superconductors are used on quite a modest scale in electronic and quantum devices, in medicine and biology, and in physical experi ments where high magnetic fields are essential. It is only recently that Type II superconductors have been introduced in power engineering (power generation, storage and transport) to replace pulsed accelerator magnets; for fast and economical transportation vehicles (levitated trains) where superconductors may ultimately replace the wheel; to make new means of en~rgy generation economically feasible, such as in magneto hydrodynamics and in fusion reactors; and for high-efficiency electric motors. High-field superconducting magnets are being proposed for de salination of seawater, for magnetic separation in the mining industry, for cleaning polluted water, and for sewage treatment.
Author: Teruo Matsushita Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030675688 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 207
Book Description
This book introduces readers to the characteristic features of electromagnetic phenomena in superconductivity. It first demonstrates not only that the diamagnetism in the superconductivity complies with Maxwell’s theory, which was formulated before the discovery of superconductivity, but also that the dominant E-B analogy in the electromagnetism loses perfection without the superconductivity. The book then explores flux pinning, which is responsible for the non-dissipative current in DC, leading to irreversibility in AC. Drawing on Maxwell’s work, it also proves theoretically that if there is no energy dissipation in the superconductivity caused by the break in time reversal symmetry, it contradicts the thermodynamic principle of energy conservation – something that had previously only been proved experimentally. Lastly, the book addresses the longitudinal magnetic field effect, and explains how this phenomenon leads to a new development of Maxwell’s theory. Featuring numerous appendices to help readers understand the methods of derivation of equations, this book offers students and young scientists an introduction to applied superconductivity, especially in the context of power applications. Presenting the characteristic features of electromagnetic phenomena in superconductivity from basic to advanced topics for applications, the book offers a valuable resource for graduate students and researchers studying superconductivity as well as engineers working in electric utility industry.
Author: Yukikazu Iwasa Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9781441935397 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The 2nd edition emphasizes two areas not emphasized in the 1st edition: 1) high-temperature superconductor (HTS) magnets; 2) NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) magnets. Despite nearly 40 years of R and D on superconducting magnet technology, most areas, notably fusion and electric power applications, are still in the R and D stage. One exception is in the area of NMR and MRI. NMR magnets are very popular among chemists, biologists, genome scientists, and most of all, by drug manufacturers for drug discovery and development. MRI and NMR magnets have become the most successful application of superconducting magnet technology and this trend should continue. The 2nd edition will have new materials never treated formally in any other book of this kind. As with the 1st, most subjects will be presented through problem format to educate and train the designer.
Author: K.H.J. Buschow Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080457657 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1361
Book Description
Magnetic and superconducting materials pervade every avenue of the technological world – from microelectronics and mass-data storage to medicine and heavy engineering. Both areas have experienced a recent revitalisation of interest due to the discovery of new materials, and the re-evaluation of a wide range of basic mechanisms and phenomena.This Concise Encyclopedia draws its material from the award-winning Encyclopedia of Materials and Engineering, and includes updates and revisions not available in the original set -- making it the ideal reference companion for materials scientists and engineers with an interest in magnetic and superconducting materials. - Contains in excess of 130 articles, taken from the award-winning Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, including ScienceDirect updates not available in the original set - Each article discusses one aspect of magnetic and superconducting materials and includes photographs, line drawings and tables to aid the understanding of the topic at hand - Cross-referencing guides readers to articles covering subjects of related interest
Author: Lannie K. Tran Publisher: Nova Publishers ISBN: 9781594548451 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 210
Book Description
Superconductivity is the ability of certain materials to conduct electrical current with no resistance and extremely low losses. High temperature superconductors, such as La2-xSrxCuOx (Tc=40K) and YBa2Cu3O7-x (Tc=90K), were discovered in 1987 and have been actively studied since. In spite of an intense, world-wide, research effort during this time, a complete understanding of the copper oxide (cuprate) materials is still lacking. Many fundamental questions are unanswered, particularly the mechanism by which high-Tc superconductivity occurs. More broadly, the cuprates are in a class of solids with strong electron-electron interactions. An understanding of such "strongly correlated" solids is perhaps the major unsolved problem of condensed matter physics with over ten thousand researchers working on this topic. High-Tc superconductors also have significant potential for applications in technologies ranging from electric power generation and transmission to digital electronics. This ability to carry large amounts of current can be applied to electric power devices such as motors and generators, and to electricity transmission in power lines. For example, superconductors can carry as much as 100 times the amount of electricity of ordinary copper or aluminium wires of the same size. Many universities, research institutes and companies are working to develop high-Tc superconductivity applications and considerable progress has been made. This volume brings together new leading-edge research in the field.
Author: Vasilij A. Glukhikh Publisher: Woodhead Publishing ISBN: 0081024711 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 476
Book Description
Fundamentals of Magnetic Thermonuclear Reactor Design is a comprehensive resource on fusion technology and energy systems written by renowned scientists and engineers from the Russian nuclear industry. It brings together a wealth of invaluable experience and knowledge on controlled thermonuclear fusion (CTF) facilities with magnetic plasma confinement – from the first semi-commercial tokamak T-3, to the multi-billion international experimental thermonuclear reactor ITER, now in construction in France. As the INTOR and ITER projects have made an immense contribution in the past few decades, this book focuses on its practical engineering aspects and the basics of technical physics and electrical engineering. Users will gain an understanding of the key ratios between plasma and technical parameters, design streamlining algorithms and engineering solutions. - Written by a team of qualified experts who have been involved in the design of thermonuclear reactors for over 50 years - Outlines the most important features of the ITER project in France which is building the largest tokamak, including the design, material selection, safety and economic considerations - Includes data on how to design magnetic fusion reactors using CAD tools, along with relevant regulatory documents
Author: Yukikazu Iwasa Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0306470624 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 435
Book Description
Designed for graduate students in mechanical engineering, this textbook discusses the basic concepts of superconducting magnet technology. Important topics covered include field distribution, magnets, force, thermal stability, dissipation, and protection. To help the students excel in the field, each chapter contains tutorial problems, accompanied by solutions, utilizing solenoidal magnets as examples.
Author: K.-H. Mess
Author: K.-H. Mess
Author: R.G. Sharma
Author: V. Al'tov
Author: H. Brechna
Author: Teruo Matsushita
Author: Yukikazu Iwasa
Author: K.H.J. Buschow
Author: Lannie K. Tran
Author: Vasilij A. Glukhikh
Author: Yukikazu Iwasa