Stuff that Works!: Mechanisms & other systems PDF Download

Author: Gary Benenson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology
Languages : en
Pages : 196

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Author: Veli-Pekka Parkkinen
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319946102
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 131

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Book Description
This book is open access under a CC BY license. This book is the first to develop explicit methods for evaluating evidence of mechanisms in the field of medicine. It explains why it can be important to make this evidence explicit, and describes how to take such evidence into account in the evidence appraisal process. In addition, it develops procedures for seeking evidence of mechanisms, for evaluating evidence of mechanisms, and for combining this evaluation with evidence of association in order to yield an overall assessment of effectiveness. Evidence-based medicine seeks to achieve improved health outcomes by making evidence explicit and by developing explicit methods for evaluating it. To date, evidence-based medicine has largely focused on evidence of association produced by clinical studies. As such, it has tended to overlook evidence of pathophysiological mechanisms and evidence of the mechanisms of action of interventions. The book offers a useful guide for all those whose work involves evaluating evidence in the health sciences, including those who need to determine the effectiveness of health interventions and those who need to ascertain the effects of environmental exposures.

Author: National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309045290
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 195

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Book Description
The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Author: Keshav Kaushik
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000820130
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 241

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Book Description
The quantity, diversity, and sophistication of Internet of Things (IoT) items are rapidly increasing, posing significant issues but also innovative solutions for forensic science. Such systems are becoming increasingly common in public locations, businesses, universities, residences, and other shared offices, producing enormous amounts of data at rapid speeds in a variety of forms. IoT devices can be used as suspects, digital witnesses, or instruments of crime and cyberattacks, posing new investigation problems, forensic issues, security threats, legal concerns, privacy concerns, and ethical dilemmas. A cyberattack on IoT devices might target the device itself or associated systems, particularly vital infrastructure. This book discusses the advancements in IoT and Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) forensics. The first objective is to learn and understand the fundamentals of IoT forensics. This objective will answer the question of why and how IoT has evolved as one of the most promising and widely accepted technologies across the globe and has many widely accepted applications. The second objective is to learn how to use CPS to address many computational problems. CPS forensics is a promising domain, and there are various advancements in this field. This book is structured so that the topics of discussion are relevant to each reader’s particular areas of interest. The book’s goal is to help each reader to see the relevance of IoT and CPS forensics to his or her career or interests. This book not only presents numerous case studies from a global perspective, but it also compiles a large amount of literature and research from a database. As a result, this book effectively demonstrates the concerns, difficulties, and trends surrounding the topic while also encouraging readers to think globally. The main goal of this project is to encourage both researchers and practitioners to share and exchange their experiences and recent studies between academia and industry.

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583

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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Author: Sergey Balandin
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331923126X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 817

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Book Description
This book constitutes the joint refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Next Generation Wired/Wireless Advanced Networks and Systems, NEW2AN 2015, and the 8th Conference on Internet of Things and Smart Spaces, ruSMART 2015, held in St. Petersburg, Russia, in August 2015. The 74 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The 15 papers selected for ruSMART are organized in topical sections on IoT infrastructure, IoT platforms, smart spaces and IoT cases, and smart services and solutions. The 59 papers from NEW2AN deal with the following topics: streaming, video, and TCP applications, mobile "ad hoc" networks, security, and clouds, sensor networks and IoT, cellular systems, novel systems and techniques, business and services, signals and circuits, optical and satellite systems, and advanced materials and their properties.

Author: Mark Stuart Day
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262551071
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 369

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Book Description
An accessible guide to our digital infrastructure, explaining the basics of operating systems, networks, security, and other topics for the general reader. Most of us feel at home in front of a computer; we own smartphones, tablets, and laptops; we look things up online and check social media to see what our friends are doing. But we may be a bit fuzzy about how any of this really works. In Bits to Bitcoin, Mark Stuart Day offers an accessible guide to our digital infrastructure, explaining the basics of operating systems, networks, security, and related topics for the general reader. He takes the reader from a single process to multiple processes that interact with each other; he explores processes that fail and processes that overcome failures; and he examines processes that attack each other or defend themselves against attacks. Day tells us that steps are digital but ramps are analog; that computation is about “doing something with stuff” and that both the “stuff” and the “doing” can be digital. He explains timesharing, deadlock, and thrashing; virtual memory and virtual machines; packets and networks; resources and servers; secret keys and public keys; Moore's law and Thompson's hack. He describes how building in redundancy guards against failure and how endpoints communicate across the Internet. He explains why programs crash or have other bugs, why they are attacked by viruses, and why those problems are hard to fix. Finally, after examining secrets, trust, and cheating, he explains the mechanisms that allow the Bitcoin system to record money transfers accurately while fending off attacks.

Author: Jude Hemanth
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031184971
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 896

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Book Description
This book highlights the potential research areas of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), such as the research in the field of modern computing and communication technologies that deal with different aspects of data analysis and network connectivity to develop solution for the emerging real-time information system challenges; contains a brief discussion about the progression from information systems to intelligent information systems, development of autonomous systems, real-time implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), fundamentals of intelligent information systems and analytical activities; helps to gain a significant research knowledge on modern communication technologies from the novel research contributions dealing with different aspects of communication systems, which showcase effective technological solutions that can be used for the implementation of novel distributed wireless communication systems. The individual chapters included in this book will provide a valuable resource for the researchers, scientists, scholars, and research enthusiasts, who have more interest in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Encompassing the contributions of professors and researchers from Indian and other foreign universities, this book will be of interest to students, researchers, and practitioners, as well as members of the general public interested in the realm of Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber Physical Systems (CPS).

Author: Amit Kumar Tyagi
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000565343
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 681

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Book Description
This new volume discusses how integrating IoT devices and cyber-physical systems can help society by providing multiple efficient and affordable services to users. It covers the various applications of IoT-based cyber-physical systems, such as satellite imaging in relation to climate change, industrial control systems, e-healthcare applications, security uses, automotive and traffic monitoring and control, urban smart city planning, and more. The authors also outline the methods, tools, and algorithms for IoT-based cyber-physical systems and explore the integration of machine learning, blockchain, and Internet of Things-based cloud applications. With the continuous emerging new technologies and trends in IoT technology and CPS, this volume will be a helpful resource for scientists, researchers, industry professionals, faculty and students, and others who wish to keep abreast of new developments and new challenges for sustainable development in Industry 4.0.

Author: Shantanu Pal
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030649989
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 215

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Book Description
This book presents the design and development of an access control architecture for the Internet of Things (IoT) systems. It considers the significant authentication and authorization issues for large-scale IoT systems, in particular, the need for access control, identity management, delegation of access rights and the provision of trust within such systems. It introduces a policy-based access control approach for the IoT that provides fine-grained access for authorized users to services while protecting valuable resources from unauthorized access. Further, the book discusses an identity-less, asynchronous and decentralized delegation model for the IoT leveraging the advantage of blockchain technology. It also presents an approach of attribute-based identity and examines the notion of trust in an IoT context by considering the uncertainty that exists in such systems. Fully explaining all the techniques used, the book is of interest to engineers, researchers and scientists working in the field of the wireless sensor networks, IoT systems and their access control management.