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Author: Hassan Moghimi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Earthquake resistant design Languages : en Pages : 288
Book Description
Steel plate shear walls have traditionally been perceived to be suitable mainly for high seismic regions due to their great ductility and cyclic energy dissipation capacity. Therefore, design and detailing requirements have become increasingly onerous in an attempt to maximize their performance, effectively making the system uneconomical in other regions. Developing applications specifically for low and moderate seismic regions has largely been neglected by researchers. Moreover, despite unique advantages of the system in terms of inherent high ductility and redundancy, its performance under accidental blast has not been investigated systematically. The objective of this research is to examine these neglected areas. Different practical details are investigated to reduce the force demands on the boundary frame of the wall system and ultimately reduce the construction cost in low seismic regions. A seismic zone-independent performance-based design method is developed and the efficiency of each detail is studied using comprehensive finite element simulations. It was found that suitable details for low seismic applications include simple beam-to-column connections, modular construction, and adopting a more liberal design philosophy for the columns. A large-scale two-story steel plate shear wall test specimen was designed based on the efficient details for the limited-ductility performance application and tested under gravity load concurrent with cyclic lateral loads. The test results are used to assess its overall seismic performance and verify the efficiency of the proposed design philosophy and selected details. The specimen, overall and in its details, showed excellent performance with high ductility. The nature of the infill plate forces applied to the boundary frame members is discussed in detail, and the reasons for achieving conservative column design forces in current capacity design methods are described. A performance-based capacity design method for the wall system is proposed and the target performance level is defined in terms of ductility and redundancy. Based on new and previous experimental data, a holistic and sound set of principles for capacity design of steel plate shear walls for three different performance levels--including limited-ductility, moderately ductile, and ductile--along with their design provisions, are developed. The method is applied to design examples and verified against experimental results. Another objective of this research was to explore the possible application of steel plate shear walls as a protective structure in industrial plants. Advanced and comprehensive numerical models that take into account important issues affecting the blast design are developed. The blast performance of the system is investigated by means of iso-response curves for both in-plane and out-of-plane blast orientations and different response parameters. An analytical normalization method is proposed that produces dimensionless iso-response curves.
Author: Hassan Moghimi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Earthquake resistant design Languages : en Pages : 288
Book Description
Steel plate shear walls have traditionally been perceived to be suitable mainly for high seismic regions due to their great ductility and cyclic energy dissipation capacity. Therefore, design and detailing requirements have become increasingly onerous in an attempt to maximize their performance, effectively making the system uneconomical in other regions. Developing applications specifically for low and moderate seismic regions has largely been neglected by researchers. Moreover, despite unique advantages of the system in terms of inherent high ductility and redundancy, its performance under accidental blast has not been investigated systematically. The objective of this research is to examine these neglected areas. Different practical details are investigated to reduce the force demands on the boundary frame of the wall system and ultimately reduce the construction cost in low seismic regions. A seismic zone-independent performance-based design method is developed and the efficiency of each detail is studied using comprehensive finite element simulations. It was found that suitable details for low seismic applications include simple beam-to-column connections, modular construction, and adopting a more liberal design philosophy for the columns. A large-scale two-story steel plate shear wall test specimen was designed based on the efficient details for the limited-ductility performance application and tested under gravity load concurrent with cyclic lateral loads. The test results are used to assess its overall seismic performance and verify the efficiency of the proposed design philosophy and selected details. The specimen, overall and in its details, showed excellent performance with high ductility. The nature of the infill plate forces applied to the boundary frame members is discussed in detail, and the reasons for achieving conservative column design forces in current capacity design methods are described. A performance-based capacity design method for the wall system is proposed and the target performance level is defined in terms of ductility and redundancy. Based on new and previous experimental data, a holistic and sound set of principles for capacity design of steel plate shear walls for three different performance levels--including limited-ductility, moderately ductile, and ductile--along with their design provisions, are developed. The method is applied to design examples and verified against experimental results. Another objective of this research was to explore the possible application of steel plate shear walls as a protective structure in industrial plants. Advanced and comprehensive numerical models that take into account important issues affecting the blast design are developed. The blast performance of the system is investigated by means of iso-response curves for both in-plane and out-of-plane blast orientations and different response parameters. An analytical normalization method is proposed that produces dimensionless iso-response curves.
Author: Ahmet Yigit Ozcelik Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 356
Book Description
Steel plate shear walls (SPSW) are a reliable lateral force-resisting system with high ductility, stable hysteretic response, and high lateral stiffness. The main lateral force-resisting elements of a SPSW are thin steel infill plates (web plates) that are connected to columns and beams on four edges. Due to a mechanism called tension field action, web plates pull in columns and induce significant flexural demands in columns when the system undergoes a lateral sway. Steel plate shear walls with beam-connected web plates (B-SPSW) are an alternative configuration to conventional SPSWs where columns are detached from web plates to eliminate column flexural demands resulting from tension field action. Due to the difference in the boundary conditions of web plates, the behavior of B-SPSWs is different than conventional SPSWs. A three-phase numerical study has been undertaken to investigate the seismic behavior of B-SPSWs. In the first phase, a parametric study was conducted to characterize beam-connected web plate behavior using validated finite element models and a simplified model was proposed to simulate cyclic behavior of beam-connected web plates under lateral loading. In the second phase, web plate and beam design equations were proposed and eighteen B-SPSWs possessing different geometric characteristics were designed for a low-seismic site using these equations. The B-SPSWs were subjected to ground motions to assess their seismic performance. The results of the proof-of-concept study indicated that B-SPSWs would be an attractive alternative lateral force-resisting system for low- and moderate-seismic regions. The third phase focused on the behavior of B-SPSW columns. The columns of the B-SPSWs considered in the second phase of the study were remodeled adopting more sophisticated modeling techniques to study the column behavior in detail. The results indicated that column flexural demands resulting from column rotations at floor levels due to differential interstory drifts caused column stability problems for some cases even if the axial load demands were below the design axial loads. Then a parametric study was conducted on isolated columns to quantify the effect of these flexural demands on column buckling strength. An empirical equation was proposed to estimate the reduction in the column buckling strength due to the moment demands associated with differential lateral drifts that are not considered in the design stage.
Author: Yang Lv Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811686947 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
This book is written by subject experts based on the recent research results in steel plate shear walls considering the gravity load effect. It establishes a vertical stress distribution of the walls under compression and in-plane bending load and an inclination angle of the tensile field strip. The stress throughout the inclined tensile strip, as we consider the effect of the vertical stress distribution, is determined using the von Mises yield criterion. The shear strength is calculated by integrating the shear stress along the width. The proposed theoretical model is verified by tests and numerical simulations. Researchers, scientists and engineers in the field of structural engineering can benefit from the book. As such, this book provides valuable knowledge, useful methods, and practical algorithms that can be considered in practical design of building structures adopting a steel shear wall system.
Author: Tadeh Zirakian Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 233
Book Description
Steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) have been frequently used as the primary or part of the primary lateral force-resisting system in design of low-, medium-, and high-rise buildings. Their application has been based on two different design philosophies as well as detailing strategies. Stiffened and/or stocky-web SPSWs with improved buckling stability and high seismic performance have been mostly used in Japan, which is one of the pioneering countries in design and application of these systems. Unstiffened and slender-web SPSWs with relatively lower buckling and energy dissipation capacities, on the other hand, have been deemed as a rather economical alternative and accordingly widely used in the United States and Canada. Development and use of low yield point (LYP) steel with considerably low yield stress and high elongation capacity provides the possibility to combine merits of these two distinctive design strategies, and consequently result in rather cost-effective and high-performing SPSW systems. Although some reported studies have demonstrated the advantages of LYP steel shear walls, various aspects of structural and seismic characteristics of these systems have not been investigated thoroughly. In particular, the linkage between structural specifications and seismic performance and pathway to performance-based design of these systems are largely undeveloped. Hence, systematic investigations are required to facilitate the seismic design and prevalent application of such promising lateral force-resisting and energy dissipating systems. Although some reported studies have demonstrated the advantages of LYP steel shear walls, various aspects of structural and seismic characteristics of these systems have not been investigated thoroughly. In particular, the linkage between structural specifications and seismic performance and pathway to performance-based design of these systems are largely undeveloped. Hence, systematic investigations are required to facilitate the seismic design and prevalent application of such promising lateral force-resisting and energy dissipating systems. The main objectives of this research are to evaluate the structural behavior and seismic performance of unstiffened LYP steel shear wall systems in a rather comprehensive manner. To achieve these objectives, element-level investigations on steel plates, component-level investigations on SPSW panels, and system-level investigations on multi-story steel frame-shear wall structures are performed in a hierarchical and systematic manner. Through detailed element- and component-level investigations, it is shown that employment of LYP steel infill plates in SPSW systems facilitates the design and effectively improves the buckling stability, serviceability, and energy absorption capacity of such lateral force-resisting systems. Some practical design tools and recommendations are also provided through analytical and numerical studies. In system-level investigations, the effectiveness of use of LYP steel material in design and retrofit construction is demonstrated through nonlinear time-history analysis as well as seismic response and performance assessment of multi-story structures subjected to earthquake ground motions representing various hazard levels. Ultimately, the fragility methodology is utilized by developing appropriate fragility functions for probabilistic seismic performance and vulnerability assessment of structures designed and retrofitted with conventional and LYP steel infill plates. The results of this study are indicative of relatively lower damage probability and superior seismic performance of LYP steel shear wall systems.
Author: Publisher: Government Printing Office ISBN: 9780160926754 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 206
Book Description
The Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) handbook can be used by trained personnel to identify, inventory, and screen buildings that are potentially seismically vulnerable. The RVS procedure comprises a method and several forms that help users to quickly identify, inventory, and score buildings according to their risk of collapse if hit by major earthquakes. The RVS handbook describes how to identify the structural type and key weakness characteristics, how to complete the screening forms, and how to manage a successful RVS program.
Author: Daniel Mal Bok Dowden Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 629
Book Description
Conventional lateral force resisting systems (LFRS) that comply with current building codes typically are designed for collapse prevention for a design level earthquake. Accordingly, significant structural damage is expected, leading to large residual drifts where yielded elements are difficult to repair or replace. Consequently, after a design level earthquake, demolition of the building may be required due to severe structural damage. An innovative self-centering steel plate shear wall (SC-SPSW) is proposed. The objective is to offer enhanced structural performance beyond conventional lateral systems by providing frame recentering and also to minimize structural damage of gravity frame components of the LFRS. The SC-SPSW combines the advantages of high initial stiffness and substantial energy dissipation provided by SPSW infill web plates, provides frame self-centering capability through the use of post-tensioned (PT) rocking frame joint connections, and concentrates hysteretic energy dissipation to replaceable infill web plates. In doing so, the SC-SPSW is intended to recover to its near pre-earthquake condition, after a moderate to significant earthquake, decreasing life-cycle costs. To investigate and validate the behavior of the SC-SPSW system, an experimental program of one-third scaled single-bay three-story frames was developed and conducted, consisting of quasi-static cyclic and dynamic shake-table testing. SC-SPSWs detailed with three different beam-to-column rocking joints were investigated. A final complementary test was performed at the National Center for Earthquake Engineering in Taiwan, where a full scale single-bay two-story specimen was subjected to an earthquake excitation loading using the pseudo-dynamic testing method. The experimental results show that SC-SPSWs systems can be a viable LFRS appropriate for buildings in regions of high seismicity. Furthermore, to assist in the design of SC-SPSWs, fundamental knowledge on the kinematics of SC-SPSWs through detailed free body diagrams are established, from which validated closed-form equations describing beam strength demands, tensile strain demands on the infill web plate, and unrestrained PT boundary frame expansion (aka beam-growth) of frames with PT rocking connections are provided in a form suitable for use as design tools.
Author: Hassan Moghimi
Author: Hassan Moghimi
Author: Ahmet Yigit Ozcelik
Author: Yang Lv
Author: Rishi Gupta
Author: Tadeh Zirakian
Author: Darren Vian
Author: 
Author: Anjan Kanti Bhowmick
Author: Bing Qu
Author: Daniel Mal Bok Dowden