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Author: Daniel Hirst Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783642407734 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This book presents the author’s personal overview of Speech Prosody, and in particular the different areas in which he has been especially interested over the last few decades. These include the acoustics of speech prosody, the relationship between lexical and non-lexical prosody, the phonology of prosody, the modeling of rhythm and of melody, and the central question of the various and at times quite mysterious ways in which prosody contributes to the interpretation of an utterance. All these aspects are then brought together in an account of the description of intonation systems, and how these differ across languages.
Author: Daniel Hirst Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783642407734 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This book presents the author’s personal overview of Speech Prosody, and in particular the different areas in which he has been especially interested over the last few decades. These include the acoustics of speech prosody, the relationship between lexical and non-lexical prosody, the phonology of prosody, the modeling of rhythm and of melody, and the central question of the various and at times quite mysterious ways in which prosody contributes to the interpretation of an utterance. All these aspects are then brought together in an account of the description of intonation systems, and how these differ across languages.
Author: Gunnar Fant Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402057466 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 334
Book Description
This book assembles major writings in speech production and phonetics of the pioneering Gunnar Fant, along with his more recent work on speech prosody. The book reviews the stages of the speech chain, covering production, speech data analysis and speech perception. 19 selected articles are grouped in 6 chapters, including a historical outline plus Speech production and synthesis; The voice source; Speech analysis and features; Speech perception; Prosody.
Author: Sylvie Hancil Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing ISBN: 9027243492 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 269
Book Description
The contributions to this volume focus on the interrelation between prosody and iconicity and shed new light on the topic by enlarging the number of parameters traditionally considered, and by confronting various theoretical backgrounds. The parameters taken into account include socio-linguistic criteria (age, sex, socio-economic category, region); different kinds of speech situation; affect (attitudes and emotions); gestures; morpho-syntactic constraints. The analysis is pursued in theoretical frameworks such as Information Structure theory, Grice's theory, Relevance theory, experiential blending, Gussenhoven's biological codes, prosodic modelling, automatic detection. The languages covered include English, French, Italian, Swedish, Egyptian Arabic, and Majorcan Catalan. The book will be of great interest to linguists working on prosody.
Author: Keikichi Hirose Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3662452588 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 212
Book Description
The volume addresses issues concerning prosody generation in speech synthesis, including prosody modeling, how we can convey para- and non-linguistic information in speech synthesis, and prosody control in speech synthesis (including prosody conversions). A high level of quality has already been achieved in speech synthesis by using selection-based methods with segments of human speech. Although the method enables synthetic speech with various voice qualities and speaking styles, it requires large speech corpora with targeted quality and style. Accordingly, speech conversion techniques are now of growing interest among researchers. HMM/GMM-based methods are widely used, but entail several major problems when viewed from the prosody perspective; prosodic features cover a wider time span than segmental features and their frame-by-frame processing is not always appropriate. The book offers a good overview of state-of-the-art studies on prosody in speech synthesis.
Author: Ann Wennerstrom Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0195143213 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 338
Book Description
There is a growing interest among discourse analysts in incorporating the crucial element of prosody into the analysis of spoken language. These studies have tended to focus on specific aspects of prosody rather than presenting an over-all framework within which future analysis might continue. This volume establishes such a framework, and will consider the role of prosody in a variety of discourse genres. Using naturally occuring data, the author demonstrates how the examination of prosody can enhance traditional analysis.
Author: Yoshinori Sagisaka Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461222583 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 405
Book Description
This book presents a collection of papers from the Spring 1995 Work shop on Computational Approaches to Processing the Prosody of Spon taneous Speech, hosted by the ATR Interpreting Telecommunications Re search Laboratories in Kyoto, Japan. The workshop brought together lead ing researchers in the fields of speech and signal processing, electrical en gineering, psychology, and linguistics, to discuss aspects of spontaneous speech prosody and to suggest approaches to its computational analysis and modelling. The book is divided into four sections. Part I gives an overview and theoretical background to the nature of spontaneous speech, differentiating it from the lab-speech that has been the focus of so many earlier analyses. Part II focuses on the prosodic features of discourse and the structure of the spoken message, Part ilIon the generation and modelling of prosody for computer speech synthesis. Part IV discusses how prosodic information can be used in the context of automatic speech recognition. Each section of the book starts with an invited overview paper to situate the chapters in the context of current research. We feel that this collection of papers offers interesting insights into the scope and nature of the problems concerned with the computational analysis and modelling of real spontaneous speech, and expect that these works will not only form the basis of further developments in each field but also merge to form an integrated computational model of prosody for a better understanding of human processing of the complex interactions of the speech chain.
Author: Yoonsook Mo Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Speech utterances are more than the linear concatenation of individual phonemes or words. They are organized by prosodic structures comprising phonological units of different sizes (e.g., syllable, foot, word, and phrase) and the prominence relations among them. As the linguistic structure of spoken languages, prosody serves an important function in speech communication: prosodic phrasing groups words into pragmatically and semantically coherent small chunks and prosodic prominence encodes discourse-level status and rhythmic structure of a word within a phrase. In speech communication, speakers shape spoken language through the modulation of multiple acoustic parameters related to tempo, pitch, loudness, vocal effort, and strength of articulation in order to signal prosodic structures. Prosody is therefore a major source of phonetic variation in speech and in particular, elements at the edges of prosodic units and those assigned prominence are phonetically distinct from similar elements in different prosodic contexts. From a listener0́9s standpoint, one must attend to this phonetic variation, and, more specifically, to acoustic variation in order to reconstruct the prosodic context and to understand the meaning of an utterance as intended by the speaker. This thesis concerns the communication of prosody in everyday speech, with a primary focus on acoustic variation arising from prosodic context and its interaction with other factors including syntactic, semantic, pragmatic structure, and word predictability. More specifically, the goal of the thesis is to understand prosody in terms of the mechanisms of speech production, to identify the cues that guide listeners0́9 interpretation of prosodic structure, and to establish statistical models of the acoustic encoding of prosody, in everyday conversation. This thesis introduces a new method of prosody annotation, called Rapid Prosody Transcription (RPT), which provides reliable and consistent prosody annotations, is comparable to highly trained, expert listeners0́9, and better approximates prosody perception in every speech communication. In RPT, prosody annotation is obtained through the real-time tasks of prosody transcription by a large group of 0́−ordinary0́+ (untrained, non-expert, and thus na℗·ıve in terms of the phonetics and phonology of prosody annotation) listeners, on the basis of auditory impression only. On the basis of sets of prosodically-annotated speech excerpts extracted from the Buckeye Corpus of spontaneous conversational speech of American English through RPT, the rest of this thesis reports findings regarding prosody production and perception in everyday speech communication. With various statistical methods including non-parametric Spearman0́9s correlation and multiple linear regression analysis, this thesis demonstrates that given the invariance in a set of acoustic parameters, prosodic prominence is signaled through a combination of multiple acoustic parameters from which each speaker may choose any subset as their selection, and prosodic boundary is cued by a single acoustic parameter relating to speech tempo, suggesting that the production mechanisms of prosodic prominence are underlyingly different from those of boundary production. Such difference in the acoustic encoding of prosodic features is further evidenced in the temporal structure of subsyllabic components of monosyllabic CVC words. Evaluating the role of speakers and listeners in the communication of prosody, this thesis reveals speaker-dependent variability in the acoustic encoding of prosody and listener-dependent variability in the decoding of prosody. These findings suggest that given the multiplicity of acoustic parameters, speakers choose any subset as their selection in order to signal prosodic structures and depending on the nature of the acoustic parameters, listeners attend to acoustic variation in particular forms (raw vs. normalized), within particular comparison domains (syntagmatic vs. paradigmatic) in order to correctly interpret prosodic structures. Confirming that acoustic variation in the speech signal guides a listener to perceive prosodic structure as produced by a speaker, this work further show that other factors (syntactic and semantic expectation and word predictability in discourse and in the language) interplay with acoustic variation in prosody perception. This research contributes both to large scale prosody research by introducing a new and innovative method for prosody annotation and to our understanding of the communication of prosody in everyday speech, by highlighting variation in the acoustic encoding of prosody depending on prosodic features as well as on speaker identity and the nature of prosody as an interface phenomenon relating various factors including phonology, syntax, discourse structure, and lexical entropy. Taking into account speaker-dependent variability in the implementation of prosody and a large role of listeners in the normalization of such variability, this thesis proposes the best models of the acoustic encoding of prosody in everyday speech communication.
Author: Elisabeth Delais-Roussarie Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3662451689 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 295
Book Description
This volume provides new insights into various issues on prosody in contact situations, contact referring here to the L2 acquisition process as well as to situations where two language systems may co-exist. A wide array of phenomena are dealt with (prosodic description of linguistic systems in contact situations, analysis of prosodic changes, language development processes, etc.), and the results obtained may give an indication of what is more or less stable in phonological and prosodic systems. In addition, the selected papers clearly show how languages may have influenced or may have been influenced by other language varieties (in multilingual situations where different languages are in constant contact with one another, but also in the process of L2 acquisition). Unlike previous volumes on related topics, which focus in general either on L2 acquisition or on the description and analyses of different varieties of a given language, this volume considers both topics in parallel, allowing comparison and discussion of the results, which may shed new light on more far-reaching theoretical questions such as the role of markedness in prosody and the causes of prosodic changes.
Author: Ingo Feldhausen Publisher: Language Science Press ISBN: 3961101043 Category : Philology. Linguistics Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
This book presents a collection of pioneering papers reflecting current methods in prosody research with a focus on Romance languages. The rapid expansion of the field of prosody research in the last decades has given rise to a proliferation of methods that has left little room for the critical assessment of these methods. The aim of this volume is to bridge this gap by embracing original contributions, in which experts in the field assess, reflect, and discuss different methods of data gathering and analysis. The book might thus be of interest to scholars and established researchers as well as to students and young academics who wish to explore the topic of prosody, an expanding and promising area of study.
Author: Daniel Hirst
Author: Daniel Hirst
Author: Gunnar Fant
Author: Sylvie Hancil
Author: Keikichi Hirose
Author: Ann Wennerstrom
Author: Yoshinori Sagisaka
Author: 
Author: Yoonsook Mo
Author: Elisabeth Delais-Roussarie
Author: Ingo Feldhausen