Transcriptional Control of Neural Crest Development PDF Download

Author: Brian L. Nelms
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN: 161504048X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 227

View

Book Description
The neural crest is a remarkable embryonic population of cells found only in vertebrates and has the potential to give rise to many different cell types contributing throughout the body. These derivatives range from the mesenchymal bone and cartilage comprising the facial skeleton, to neuronal derivatives of the peripheral sensory and autonomic nervous systems, to melanocytes throughout the body, and to smooth muscle of the great arteries of the heart. For these cells to correctly progress from an unspecifi ed, nonmigratory population to a wide array of dynamic, differentiated cell types-some of which retain stem cell characteristics presumably to replenish these derivatives-requires a complex network of molecular switches to control the gene programs giving these cells their defi ning structural, enzymatic, migratory, and signaling capacities. This review will bring together current knowledge of neural crest-specifi c transcription factors governing these progressions throughout the course of development. A more thorough understanding of the mechanisms of transcriptional control in differentiation will aid in strategies designed to push undifferentiated cells toward a particular lineage, and unraveling these processes will help toward reprogramming cells from a differentiated to a more naive state. Table of Contents: Introduction / AP Genes / bHLH Genes / ETS Genes / Fox Genes / Homeobox Genes / Hox Genes / Lim Genes / Pax Genes / POU Domain Genes / RAR/RXR Genes / Smad Genes / Sox Genes / Zinc Finger Genes / Other Miscellaneous Genes / References / Author Biographies

Author: Hisato Kondoh
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128004207
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 345

View

Book Description
Sox2: Biology and Role in Development and Disease offers a thorough discussion of the important role of Sox2 in cellular and developmental processes, aimed at facilitating greater understanding of how Sox2 functions across different disciplines. The book discusses the basic biology of Sox2 to help establish the critical foundational knowledge necessary for deeper molecular and functional analysis. The book also provides insight into how the Sox2 transcription factor plays a key role in pluripotency induction, maintenance, and development. Helpful as a tool to organize new research projects, the book assists with preparing lessons, seminars, and thesis or research papers, thereby circumventing the need to spend hours searching through journal databases. A single source for the basic biology of Sox2, Sox2: Biology and Its Role in Development and Disease provides information on networks, gene regulation, and regulatory function in a number of cell types and tissues types. - Discusses the important role of Sox2 in cellular and developmental processes - Facilitates a greater understanding of how Sox2 functions across different disciplines - Assists in identifying, circumventing and modifying the dynamics of Sox2 in cell types - Provides greater understanding of the structure of Sox2 and its gene networks - Identifies aspects of phenotypic spectrum uncovered following greater understanding of Sox2 during development

Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128148802
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 544

View

Book Description
Epigenetics and Regeneration compiles the first foundational reference on epigenetic mechanisms governing tissue development, repair, homeostasis, and regeneration, as well as pathways to employ these mechanisms in clinical practice and translational science. In this book, life science researchers, clinicians, and students will discover an interdisciplinary resource bringing together common themes in the field, background overviews, research methods, recent advances, and opportunities for drug discovery. Throughout this volume, special attention is paid to pre-clinical and first clinical studies aimed at increasing the regenerative potential of damaged tissues by epigenetic drugs, as well as innovative, discipline spanning strategies to enhance cell reprogramming. As an all-inclusive, evidence-based volume, Epigenetics and Regeneration will stimulate discussion and boost new research in this fascinating and impactful area of translational epigenetics. - Provides a foundational overview of epigenetics in regenerative medicine - Examines epigenetic components of tissue regeneration for a variety of organ systems and tissue types, as well as current attempts to employ these mechanisms in clinical practice - Offers researchers, students, clinicians, and pharmacologists the tools they need to enhance tissue development, repair, homeostasis, and regeneration and explore new epigenetic therapeutic pathways - Features chapter contributions from leading international researchers and clinicians in the fields of epigenetics and regenerative medicine

Author: Sadhan Majumder
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387896112
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 304

View

Book Description
Cancer is a primary cause of human mortality worldwide. Despite decades of basic and clinical research, the outcome for most cancer patients is still dismal. Some stumbling blocks to developing effective therapy include the heterogeneity of cancer tissues, the lack of knowledge about the critical molecular mechanisms in cancer tissues (which are typically aberrant compared with mechanisms in normal tissue), and the lack of good mechanism-based therapeutic approaches. The recent findings that most cancers contain a small fraction of self-renewing, differentiation-blocked stem cell-like cells (cancer stem cells) and that it is these cells—and not the major bulk of the tissue—that are the root cause for cancer initiation and metastasis have also highlighted the need to change our approach to cancer therapy. The objectives of this book, therefore, would be to impart up-to-date information about the role of stem cells in the development of normal and cancerous tissue, the mechanisms that differentiate normal from cancerous functions, and the use of these findings in developing mechanism-based therapies.

Author: R.S. Nowakowski
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3805578709
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 212

View

Book Description
This publication focuses on the biology of stem and progenitor cells in the developing and mature central nervous system, their response to trauma and potential uses in therapy. The authors, who are leading experts in the field, address topical questions from both basic and clinical neuroscience perspectives such as: non-invasive imaging of stem cell division; the origins of regional diversity in cell types and cell numbers in the stem cell progeny; factors that regulate generation of neurons and glial cells from stem cells during normal development; the role of genetic and environmental factors in the regulation of stem cell function; the role of stem cells in mediating the effects of brain trauma and its recovery, and the therapeutic uses of stem cells. Offering a unique compilation of articles on the biology and the therapeutic applications of stem cells in the embryonic and mature nervous systems, this volume will be of great value to neuroscientists, developmental biologists, cancer biologists and clinical neurologists.

Author: Vinagolu K. Rajasekhar
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1603272275
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 590

View

Book Description
Stem cells appear to be fundamental cellular units associated with the origin of multicellular organisms and have evolved to function in safeguarding the cellular homeostasis in organ t- sues. The characteristics of stem cells that distinguish them from other cells have been the fascinating subjects of stem cell research. The important properties of stem cells, such as ma- tenance of quiescence, self-renewal capacity, and differentiation potential, have propelled this exciting ?eld and presently form a common theme of research in developmental biology and medicine. The derivation of pluripotent embryonic stem cells, the prospective identi?cation of multipotent adult stem cells, and, more recently, the induced pluripotent stem cells (popularly called iPS) are important milestones in the arena of stem cell biology. Complex networks of transcription factors, different signaling molecules, and the interaction of genetic and epi- netic events constantly modulate stem cell behavior to evoke programming and reprogramming processes in normal tissue homeostasis during development. In any given cellular scenario, the regulatory networks can pose considerable complexity and yet exert an orderly control of stem cell differentiation during normal development. An aberration in these ?nely tuned processes during development usually results in a spectrum of diseases such as cancers and neurological disorders. Thisunderscorestheimminentneedforamorecompleteunderstandingofmolecular mechanisms underlying the regulatory circuitries required for stem cell maintenance. Overthepast3–5years,adiversegroupofbenchandphysicianscientistshaveprospectively enhanced our knowledge of stem cell biology. These studies are unveiling many unrecognized or previously unknown fundamentals of developmental biology.

Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123756839
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 425

View

Book Description
The fields of stem cell research, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and cloning are very closely related. It is important for researchers in each of these disciplines to be aware of the methods and principles in the others. Elsevier publishes some of the highest individual references in these areas. Bringing together the principles, applications, and basic understanding in these related areas of science will provide a new reference which is serve the needs of a variety of researchers. Edited by Dr. Bruce Carlson, Stem Cell Anthology will be valuable to researchers and students who need to save time and link concepts to principles, applications, and methods in order to work more effectively and see links for potential collaborations. - Includes a collection of chapters by leaders in the stem cell field including the first researchers to discover iPS cells and multiple Nobel Laureates - Provides the most detailed introduction to basic properties of major embryonic and adult stem cells by highlighting breakthrough discoveries in the nervous system, spinal cord, heart, pancreas, epidermis, musculo-skeletal, retina - leading areas of stem cell research in human application - Details technical laboratory set up for practitioners, technicians, and administrators

Author: Gerd Kempermann
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780195179712
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 464

View

Book Description
This is the first comprehensive, integrated account of one of the most exciting areas of neuroscience-the intersection between the discoveries that the adult brain makes new neurons and that it contains stem cells. The book begins with the historical background and discusses theories of adult neurogenesis and neural stem cell biology in the context of learning and memory processes as well as structural plasticity. It describes in detail neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus and olfactory system and then surveys the regulatory, functional, and comparative aspects, concluding with a chapter on the provocative hypotheses that link failing adult neurogenesis with such diseases as temporal lobe epilepsy, major depression, brain tumors, and dementias. This readable, single-authored volume is a unique resource for graduate students, investigators, and clinicians in the neurosciences, developmental biology, and stem cell research.

Author: Craig Atwood
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535115901
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 244

View

Book Description
Pluripotent stem cells have the potential to revolutionize treatment options for a range of diseases and conditions. This book presents recent advances in our understanding of the biological mechanisms of stem cell self-renewal, reprograming and regeneration. Also covered are novel methodological advances in the culture, purification and use of stem cells, as well as the ethical and moral dilemmas of embryo donation and adoption. These advances will shape the utilization of stem cells for future basic and applied applications.

Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0443186707
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 326

View

Book Description
Epigenetics in Health and Disease, Volume 197 in the Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on An Introduction to epigenetics in health and disease, State-of-the-art techniques for epigenetics study, Computational biology in epigenetics, Artificial intelligence and machine learning in epigenetics, CRISPR-Cas systems in epigenetics modification for health, Mechanisms of DNA methylation and histone modifications, Non-coding RNA in epigenetics, Role of DNA Methylation in cardiovascular diseases, Role of epigenetics in renal diseases, and much more. Additional chapters update on Histone modifications in fat metabolism and obesity, Role of DNA methylation in diabetes and obesity, Epigenetic regulons in Alzheimer's disease, Epigenetics in heredity disease, Epigenetics of aging, Epigenetics in cancer development, diagnosis and therapy, Microbiota and epigenetics: health impact, Epigenetics in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum disorder, and much more. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in the Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science series - Includes the latest information on Epigenetics in Health and Disease