Author: Christoph ClausenPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 66
Book Description
Solid-state light-matter interfaces on the quantum test bench
Author: Christoph ClausenStrong Light-matter Coupling
Author: Leong Chuan KwekPublisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814460354
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 303
Book Description
The physics of strong light-matter coupling has been addressed in different scientific communities over the last three decades. Since the early eighties, atoms coupled to optical and microwave cavities have led to pioneering demonstrations of cavity quantum electrodynamics, Gedanken experiments, and building blocks for quantum information processing, for which the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded in 2012. In the framework of semiconducting devices, strong coupling has allowed investigations into the physics of Bose gases in solid-state environments, and the latter holds promise for exploiting light-matter interaction at the single-photon level in scalable architectures. More recently, impressive developments in the so-called superconducting circuit QED have opened another fundamental playground to revisit cavity quantum electrodynamics for practical and fundamental purposes. This book aims at developing the necessary interface between these communities, by providing future researchers with a robust conceptual, theoretical and experimental basis on strong light-matter coupling, both in the classical and in the quantum regimes. In addition, the emphasis is on new forefront research topics currently developed around the physics of strong light-matter interaction in the atomic and solid-state scenarios.
Building Efficient Light-matter Interfaces for Quantum Systems
Author: Tsung-Ju Jeff LuPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 85
Book Description
Efficient collection of photons from quantum memories, such as quantum dots (QDs) and nitrogen vacancy (NVs) centers in diamond, is essential for various quantum technologies. This thesis describes the design, fabrication, and utilization of novel photonic structures and systems to achieve potentially world-record photon collection from quantum dots. This technique can also be applied to NVs in diamond in the near future. Also, the NV- charged state has second-scale coherence times at room temperature that make it a promising candidate for solid state memories in quantum computers and quantum repeaters. NV- is an individually addressable qubit system that can be optically initialized, manipulated, and measured. On-chip entanglement generation would be the basis of scalability for quantum information processing technologies. These properties have enabled recent demonstrations of heralded quantum entanglement and teleportation between two separated NV centers. To improve the entanglement probability in such schemes, it is imperative to improve the efficiency with which single photons from a NV center can be guided into a low-loss single-mode waveguide. As such, a second component of this thesis focuses on the development of a photonic integrated circuit based on aluminum nitride that would incorporate pre-selected, long-lived NV center quantum memories as well as pre-selected, high-performance superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs). This hybrid device would have the capability to perform on-chip entanglement of photons from separate quantum memories to build up a quantum repeater necessary for long-distance quantum communication and distributed quantum computing.
A Versatile Source of Light-matter Quantum States Based on Laser-cooled Atoms
Author: Pau Farrera SolerPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 205
Book Description
Quantum information is a fascinating field that studies situations in which information is encoded as quantum states. This encoding is affected by quantum physical effects (such as superposition or entanglement) and its study has led to exciting discoveries from both fundamental and applied perspectives. An interesting system within this field is a quantum light-matter interface, able to interface quantum states encoded in light and those encoded in matter. These systems can combine the long distance transmission advantage of photonic states with the storage and processing capabilities of matter states. The main goal of this thesis was to develop a quantum light-matter interface able to distribute the photonic state to other interfaces based on different platforms. This versatility could open new possibilities that combine the advantages of the different platforms. In this thesis we studied the challenges to make these hybrid connections possible and we performed two examples of such connections. Our quantum light-matter interface is based on a cloud of Rubidium atoms that are laser-cooled in a magneto-optical trap. We operate the atomic system using the Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller scheme in order to generate pairs consisting on a single photon and an atomic collective spin excitation (so-called spin-wave). Spin-waves can later be mapped efficiently into a second single photon, which allows for synchronization capabilities. We use this scheme to generate different types of quantum states, such as heralded on-demand single photons and photonic qubits, photon-photon correlated states, or entanglement between photonic and atomic qubits. Firstly, we studied two capabilities needed in order to perform the mentioned hybrid connections: the frequency and temporal tunability of the photonic states. In the first one we studied the frequency conversion of the single photons paired with spin-waves in the atomic medium. We could convert their wavelength from 780 nm to 1550 nm using a nonlinear crystal waveguide, while still showing quantum statistics of the field. In the second one we showed a temporal tunability of the single photons with durations ranging from around 10 ns to 10 us. The studied statistics of the fields indicate that the photons are close to Fourier-transform-limited, allowing for photon bandwidth tunability. In the third work we studied the generation of a light-matter entangled state in which the photonic state is encoded as a time-bin qubit. Two key ingredients enabled this experiment: a magnetic-field-induced atomic dephasing that allows to create spin-waves in two distinguishable temporal qubit modes, and largely imbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometers that enabled the qubit analysis. Photonic time-bin encoding has the advantages of low decoherence in optical fibers and direct suitability for frequency conversion. Finally, we took advantage of these studied capabilities in order to transfer photonic quantum states generated by our laser-cooled atomic system to two different types of light-matter interfaces. The first one was a laser-cooled Rubidium cloud able to transfer single photons into Rydberg excitations. We showed that the quantum statistics of our photonic fields are preserved after the Rydberg storage, which represents a first step for future studies of quantum nonlinear effects using the long range Rydberg interaction. The second one was a crystal doped with Praseodymium ions. In this work the photonic quantum state transfer happened between systems with different atomic species, being a truly hybrid example that was enabled by quantum frequency conversion. These results show a quantum light-matter interface where the properties of the photonic states can be tuned for an optimal interaction with other matter platforms. The proof-of-principle photonic quantum state transfers to the Rydberg and doped-crystal systems open the way to study new experiments that combine advantages of different platforms.
Strong Light-matter Coupling: From Atoms To Solid-state Systems
Author: Leong-chuan KwekPublisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814460362
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 303
Book Description
The physics of strong light-matter coupling has been addressed in different scientific communities over the last three decades. Since the early eighties, atoms coupled to optical and microwave cavities have led to pioneering demonstrations of cavity quantum electrodynamics, Gedanken experiments, and building blocks for quantum information processing, for which the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded in 2012. In the framework of semiconducting devices, strong coupling has allowed investigations into the physics of Bose gases in solid-state environments, and the latter holds promise for exploiting light-matter interaction at the single-photon level in scalable architectures. More recently, impressive developments in the so-called superconducting circuit QED have opened another fundamental playground to revisit cavity quantum electrodynamics for practical and fundamental purposes.This book aims at developing the necessary interface between these communities, by providing future researchers with a robust conceptual, theoretical and experimental basis on strong light-matter coupling, both in the classical and in the quantum regimes. In addition, the emphasis is on new forefront research topics currently developed around the physics of strong light-matter interaction in the atomic and solid-state scenarios.
Engineering Quantum Light-matter Interactions in Solid-state Platforms
Author: Martin B. NicolleNarrowband Single Photons for Light-Matter Interfaces
Author: Markus RambachPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319971537
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 144
Book Description
This book provides a step-by-step guide on how to construct a narrowband single photon source for the integration with atom-based memory systems. It combines the necessary theoretical background with crucial experimental methods and characterisations to form a complete handbook for readers at all academic levels. The future implementation of large quantum networks will require the hybridisation of photonic qubits for communication with quantum memories in the context of information storage. Such an interface requires carefully tailored single photons to ensure compatibility with the chosen memory. The source itself is remarkable for a number of reasons, including being the spectrally narrowest and brightest source of its kind; in addition, it offers a novel technique for frequency stabilisation in an optical cavity, together with exceptional portability. Starting with a thorough analysis of the current literature, this book derives the essential parameters needed to design the source, describes its individual components in detail, and closes with the characterisation of a single photon source.
Quantum Optics with Semiconductor Nanostructures
Author: Frank JahnkePublisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857096397
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 607
Book Description
An understanding of the interaction between light and matter on a quantum level is of fundamental interest and has many applications in optical technologies. The quantum nature of the interaction has recently attracted great attention for applications of semiconductor nanostructures in quantum information processing. Quantum optics with semiconductor nanostructures is a key guide to the theory, experimental realisation, and future potential of semiconductor nanostructures in the exploration of quantum optics.Part one provides a comprehensive overview of single quantum dot systems, beginning with a look at resonance fluorescence emission. Quantum optics with single quantum dots in photonic crystal and micro cavities are explored in detail, before part two goes on to review nanolasers with quantum dot emitters. Light-matter interaction in semiconductor nanostructures, including photon statistics and photoluminescence, is the focus of part three, whilst part four explores all-solid-state quantum optics, crystal nanobeam cavities and quantum-dot microcavity systems. Finally, part five investigates ultrafast phenomena, including femtosecond quantum optics and coherent optoelectronics with quantum dots.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Quantum optics with semiconductor nanostructures is an essential guide for all those involved with the research, development, manufacture and use of semiconductors nanodevices, lasers and optical components, as well as scientists, researchers and students. - A key guide to the theory, experimental realisation, and future potential of semiconductor nanostructures in the exploration of quantum optics - Chapters provide a comprehensive overview of single quantum dot systems, nanolasers with quantum dot emitters, and light-matter interaction in semiconductor nanostructures - Explores all-solid-state quantum optics, crystal nanobeam cavities and quantum-dot microcavity systems, and investigates ultrafast phenomena
Quantum Engineering with Solid State Nanophotonic Systems
Author: Jingyuan Linda ZhangPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Photonics and optics are ubiquitous in our daily lives. By exploiting the quantum mechanical nature of light and matter, quantum optics holds promise to revolutionize communication, computing, metrology, and sensing. One class of quantum matter that interacts strongly with light is solid state color centers. These color centers are optically active lattice defects hosted in large bandgap materials such as diamond, which can serve as individual quantum nodes interacting in a quantum network through the emitted photons. In this dissertation, we explore a type of color center in diamond called silicon-vacancy (SiV) center, which presents a promising platform for implementation of quantum technologies. In particular, we will introduce the background on the photo-physics of SiV centers in diamond, and then walk through our journey studying this color center. We start by studying the optical properties of SiVs in nanodiamonds, and created hybrid diamond-silicon carbide (SiC) platforms to take advantage of the material properties of both diamond and SiC. Next, we discuss optical coherent control of optical transition of a single SiV center in a nanopillar array platform, which is a step towards scalable, on-chip quantum systems. Lastly, we discuss our efforts to create SiV-photon interface by embedding single SiV centers in diamond optical resonators. Using this platform, we demonstrate strong Purcell enhancement and cavity-enhanced Raman emission from a single color center, thereby achieving a large frequency tuning range of 100 GHz for Raman photon emission.
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