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Author: Herbert D. G. Maschner Publisher: ISBN: Category : Ahtena Indians Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Site structure studies have recently been used as valuable tool for addressing and explaining prehistoric human behavior. The results of excavations Conducted in 1985 at site VAL-216 on Tazlina Lake in the Copper River basin Alaska, were analyzed by using a combination of site structure theory and ethno-archaeological data on northern peoples. Two distinct stratigraphic levels were investigated. The earliest is associated with a house depression and six fire hearths. An analysis of the character and condition of the faunal assemblage indicates that the structure was occupied during a period of depravation, probably spring. An analysis of the tool assemblage indicates that the site was probably occupied for a short period, that very little maintenance activity took place, the that the total use area of the inhabitants was small. Analysis of the more recent deposit identifies the use of the abandoned house depression as a temporary camp. The faunal date from this level indicate that food was processed and brought to the site. The tool assemblage is identified with a short occupation and limited activity.
Author: Herbert D. G. Maschner Publisher: ISBN: Category : Ahtena Indians Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Site structure studies have recently been used as valuable tool for addressing and explaining prehistoric human behavior. The results of excavations Conducted in 1985 at site VAL-216 on Tazlina Lake in the Copper River basin Alaska, were analyzed by using a combination of site structure theory and ethno-archaeological data on northern peoples. Two distinct stratigraphic levels were investigated. The earliest is associated with a house depression and six fire hearths. An analysis of the character and condition of the faunal assemblage indicates that the structure was occupied during a period of depravation, probably spring. An analysis of the tool assemblage indicates that the site was probably occupied for a short period, that very little maintenance activity took place, the that the total use area of the inhabitants was small. Analysis of the more recent deposit identifies the use of the abandoned house depression as a temporary camp. The faunal date from this level indicate that food was processed and brought to the site. The tool assemblage is identified with a short occupation and limited activity.
Author: Maria Relaki Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1135050430 Category : Art Languages : en Pages : 354
Book Description
Within archaeological studies, land tenure has been mainly studied from the viewpoint of ownership. A host of studies has argued about land ownership on the basis of the simple co-existence of artefacts on the landscape; other studies have tended to extrapolate land ownership from more indirect means. Particularly noteworthy is the tendency to portray land ownership as the driving force behind the emergence of social complexity, a primordial ingredient in the processes that led to the political and economic expansion of prehistoric societies. The association between people and land in all of these interpretive schemata is however less easy to detect analytically. Although various rubrics have been employed to identify such a connection – most notable among them the concepts of ‘cultures,’ ‘regions,’ or even ‘households’ – they take the links between land and people as a given and not as something that needs to be conceptually defined and empirically substantiated. An Archaeology of Land Ownership demonstrates that the relationship between people and land in the past is first and foremost an analytical issue, and one that calls for clarification not only at the level of definition, but also methodological applicability. Bringing together an international roster of specialists, the essays in this volume call attention to the processes by which links to land are established, the various forms that such links take and how they can change through time, as well as their importance in helping to forge or dilute an understanding of community at various circumstances.
Author: Kelly R. McGuire Publisher: ISBN: 9780985201685 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Unique among Great Basin archaeological studies, this volume presents the results of a massive excavation program directed at five open-air sites. These sites are clustered adjacent to several springs of uncertain reliability, bound to the north by the lifeless expanse of the Black Rock playa, and to the south by dune fields, alluvial fans, and barren hills marginal by even Great Basin standards. Within this forbidding landscape, Native peoples somehow eked out a living at various times during the Holocene, tied to the vicissitudes of climate change. Full-blown residential activity springs to life during wet periods, only to be eclipsed by the next drought cycle. This dynamic archaeological record provides not only insight into the adaptive responses associated with environmental instability, but also commentary on a host of other research themes, including the rise of residential stability and logistical hunting, toolstone use and conveyance, shifts in domestic and habitation patterns, resource intensification, as well as a surprising reorganization of settlement strategy during the final period of prehistoric occupation.
Author: A. Gilman Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317604741 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 273
Book Description
Based on a major research programme, and originally published in 1985, this book looked to provide an economic foundation for reinterpreting the Neolithic-Bronze Age sequence of South-east Spain in terms of emergent social complexity. The cultural evolution of the area had already been considered in terms of influence from the eastern Mediterranean but this book uses site catchment analysis to give an economic baseline for all thirty-five of the better-known prehistoric settlements of the region. Site catchment analysis assumes that people minimised transport costs in production and that ancient and modern resource spaces correspond systematically. This research therefore studied modern land use and combined it with evidence from historical, archaeological and geomorphological investigation. The book shows the increasing social complexity evident in the archaeological record emerging as a result of progressive intensification of agricultural technique. Offering a complete coherent evolutionary model for the archaeological sequence of the region’s prehistory, this book is a worthy in-depth study for prehistorians, geographers and anyone interested in the history of the western Mediterranean.
Author: Susan Alcock Publisher: Oxbow Books ISBN: 1785704761 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 271
Book Description
Twenty years ago, John Cherry looked forward to the day when archaeological survey projects working around the Mediterranean region (the 'Frogs round the pond') would begin to compare and synthesize the information they had collected. He anticipated researchers tackling big questions of interregional scope in new and interesting ways, working at a geographical scale considerably larger than that of the individual survey. Was his optimism misplaced? Despite the extraordinary growth of interest in field survey projects and regional analysis, and despite the developments in survey methodology that have been discussed and implemented in the past two decades, few scholars have attempted to use survey data in a comparative mode and to answer the broad-scale questions confronting social historians. In this volume, which is the outcome of an advanced Workshop held at the University of Michigan in 2002, a number of prominent archaeologists return to the question of comparability. They discuss the potential benefits of working in a comparative format, with evidence from many different Mediterranean survey projects, and consider the practical problems that present roadblocks to achieving that objective. From mapping and manuring to human settlement and demography, environment and culture, each addresses different questions, often with quite different approaches; together they offer a range of perspectives on how to put surveys "side-by-side". Contributors include Susan E Alcock, John Cherry, Jack L Davis, Peter Attema, Martijn van Leusen, James C Wright, Robin Osborne, David Mattingly, T J Wilkinson, and Richard E Blanton.
Author: T. Max Friesen Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190630876 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 1001
Book Description
The North American Arctic was one of the last regions on Earth to be settled by humans, due to its extreme climate, limited range of resources, and remoteness from populated areas. Despite these factors, it holds a complex and lengthy history relating to Inuit, Iñupiat, Inuvialuit, Yup'ik and Aleut peoples and their ancestors. The artifacts, dwellings, and food remains of these ancient peoples are remarkably well-preserved due to cold temperatures and permafrost, allowing archaeologists to reconstruct their lifeways with great accuracy. Furthermore, the combination of modern Elders' traditional knowledge with the region's high resolution ethnographic record allows past peoples' lives to be reconstructed to a level simply not possible elsewhere. Combined, these factors yield an archaeological record of global significance--the Arctic provides ideal case studies relating to issues as diverse as the impacts of climate change on human societies, the complex process of interaction between indigenous peoples and Europeans, and the dynamic relationships between environment, economy, social organization, and ideology in hunter-gatherer societies. In the The Oxford Handbook of the Prehistoric Arctic, each arctic cultural tradition is described in detail, with up-to-date coverage of recent interpretations of all aspects of their lifeways. Additional chapters cover broad themes applicable to the full range of arctic cultures, such as trade, stone tool technology, ancient DNA research, and the relationship between archaeology and modern arctic communities. The resulting volume, written by the region's leading researchers, contains by far the most comprehensive coverage of arctic archaeology ever assembled.
Author: Jaqueline Rossignol Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1489924507 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 305
Book Description
The last 20 years have witnessed a proliferation of new approaches in archaeolog ical data recovery, analysis, and theory building that incorporate both new forms of information and new methods for investigating them. The growing importance of survey has meant an expansion of the spatial realm of traditional archaeological data recovery and analysis from its traditional focus on specific locations on the landscape-archaeological sites-to the incorporation of data both on-site and off-site from across extensive regions. Evolving survey methods have led to experiments with nonsite and distributional data recovery as well as the critical evaluation of the definition and role of archaeological sites in data recovery and analysis. In both survey and excavation, the geomorphological analysis of land scapes has become increasingly important in the analysis of archaeological ma terials. Ethnoarchaeology-the use of ethnography to sharpen archaeological understanding of cultural and natural formation processes-has concentrated study on the formation processes underlying the content and structure of archae ological deposits. These actualistic studies consider patterns of deposition at the site level and the material results of human organization at the regional scale. Ethnoarchaeological approaches have also affected research in theoretical ways by expanding investigation into the nature and organization of systems of land use per se, thus providing direction for further study of the material results of those systems.
Author: Herbert D. G. Maschner
Author: Herbert D. G. Maschner
Author: Charles D. Zeier
Author: Maria Relaki
Author: Kelly R. McGuire
Author: A. Gilman
Author: Susan Alcock
Author: T. Max Friesen
Author: Michael A. Glassow
Author: Jaqueline Rossignol
Author: David H. Greenwald