Simulation of Edge-plasma Profiles and Turbulence Related to L-H Transitions in Tokamaks PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Understanding plasma profile evolution and plasma turbulence are two important aspects of developing a predictive model for edge-plasma in tokamaks and other fusion-related devices. Here they describe results relevant to the L-H transition phenomena observed in tokamaks obtained from two simulations codes which emphasize the two aspects of the problem. UEDGE solves for the two-dimensional (2-D) profiles of a multi-species plasma and neutrals given some anomalous cross-field diffusion coefficients, and BOUT solves for the three-dimensional (3-D) turbulence that gives rise to the anomalous diffusion. These two codes are thus complementary in solving different aspects of the edge-plasma transport problem; ultimately, they want to couple the codes so that UEDGE uses BOUT's turbulence transport results, and BOUT uses UEDGE's plasma profiles with a fully automated iteration procedure. This goal is beyond the present paper; here they show how each aspect of the problem, i.e., profiles and turbulent transport, can contribute to L-H type transitions.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Understanding plasma profile evolution and plasma turbulence are two important aspects of developing a predictive model for edge-plasma in tokamaks and other fusion-related devices. Here they describe results relevant to the L-H transition phenomena observed in tokamaks obtained from two simulations codes which emphasize the two aspects of the problem. UEDGE solves for the two-dimensional (2-D) profiles of a multi-species plasma and neutrals given some anomalous cross-field diffusion coefficients, and BOUT solves for the three-dimensional (3-D) turbulence that gives rise to the anomalous diffusion. These two codes are thus complementary in solving different aspects of the edge-plasma transport problem; ultimately, they want to couple the codes so that UEDGE uses BOUT's turbulence transport results, and BOUT uses UEDGE's plasma profiles with a fully automated iteration procedure. This goal is beyond the present paper; here they show how each aspect of the problem, i.e., profiles and turbulent transport, can contribute to L-H type transitions.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 13
Book Description
The edge-plasma profiles and fluxes to the divertor and walls of a divertor tokamak with a magnetic X-point are simulated by coupling a 2D transport code (UEDGE) and a 3D turbulence code (BOUT). An relaxed iterative coupling scheme is used where each code is run on its characteristic time scale, resulting in a statistical steady state. Plasma variables of density, parallel velocity, and separate ion and electron temperatures are included, together with a fluid neutral model for recycling neutrals at material surfaces. Results for the DIII-D tokamak parameters show that the turbulence is preferentially excited in the outer radial region of the edge where magnetic curvature is destabilizing and that substantial plasma particle flux is transported to the main chamber walls. These results are qualitatively consistent with some experimental observations. The coupled transport/turbulence simulation technique provides a strategy to understanding edge-plasma physics in more detailed than previously available and to significantly enhance the realism of predictions of the performance of future devices.
Author: R. Cohen Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 16
Book Description
The edge-plasma profiles and fluxes to the divertor and walls of a divertor tokamak with a magnetic X-point are simulated by coupling a 2D transport code (UEDGE) and a 3D turbulence code (BOUT). An relaxed iterative coupling scheme is used where each code is run on its characteristic time scale, resulting in a statistical steady state. Plasma variables of density, parallel velocity, and separate ion and electron temperatures are included, together with a fluid neutral model for recycling neutrals at material surfaces. Results for the DIII-D tokamak parameters show that the turbulence is preferentially excited in the outer radial region of the edge where magnetic curvature is destabilizing and that substantial plasma particle flux is transported to the main chamber walls. These results are qualitatively consistent with some experimental observations. The coupled transport/turbulence simulation technique provides a strategy to understanding edge-plasma physics in more detailed than previously available and to significantly enhance the realism of predictions of the performance of future devices.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Cleveland (Ohio) Languages : en Pages : 21
Book Description
Journal of a trip to a GAR encampment in Washington, DC. Very detailed description of his trip to the White House. Includes description of a day spent sight seeing in Cleveland, OH on the return trip to Michigan.
Author: Gregory De Dominici Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
A model based on a model which natively contained turbulence and turbulence driven flow. It has been improved to include the diamagnetic effects, the magnetic fluctuations, and in this work, we study the parametric dependencies of the observed L-H transition power threshold with respect to the ion mass. By including the diamagnetic effects in our model, we allow the competition between the drift waves and the interchange instabilities. This competition is here studied using fixed gradient simulation. We show in this work that the diamagnetic effects are stabilizing for a resistivity close to experimental conditions. Electromagnetic effects lead to more unstable modes at realistic resistivities. Moreover, a quasilinear estimation of the turbulent flux is able to qualitatively grasp the competition between the drift waves and the interchange and the behaviour of the nonlinear electrostatic turbulent flux with resistivity and plasma beta. Another parametric dependency of the turbulence is studied, by changing the mass of the isotope. This is known as the isotope effect. We show here that the turbulence is reduced when the ion mass is increased. Finally, the characteristic times of the turbulence are studied.Magnetic fluctuations have a dramatic effect on correlation times of the turbulence, by drastically reducing them. Accounting for these results, we present in this work the auto-generation of a transport barrier with electromagnetic simulations of edge turbulence, when the heat power is higher than a threshold, using flux-driven simulations. We have then changed the isotope, and correspondingly to experiments, the power threshold is lower for higher isotope mass.
Author: R. H. Cohen Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Results of recent modeling of tokamak edge plasma with the turbulence code BOUT are presented. In previous studies with BOUT the background profiles of plasma density and temperature were set as flux surface functions. However in the divertor region of a tokamak the temperature is typically lower and density is higher than those at the mid-plane. To account for this in the present study a poloidal variation of background plasma density and temperature is included to provide a more realistic model. For poloidally uniform profiles of the background plasma the calculated turbulence amplitude peaks near outer mid-plane, while in the divertor region the amplitude is small. However, present simulations show that as the background plasma profiles become more poloidally non-uniform the amplitude of density fluctuations, {tilde n}{sub i}, starts peaking in the divertor. It is found that in the divertor region the amplitude of n{sub i} fluctuations grows approximately linearly with the local density of the background plasma, n{sub i0}, while the amplitude of T{sub e} and {phi} fluctuations is positively correlated with the local electron temperature, T{sub e0}. Correlation analysis shows that plasma turbulence is isolated by the x-points.
Author: Davide Galassi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Nuclear fusion could offer a new source of stable, non-CO2 emitting energy. Today, tokamaks offer the best performance by confining a high temperature plasma by means of a magnetic field. Two of the major technological challenges for the operation of tokamaks are the power extraction and the confinement of plasma over long periods. These issues are associated with the transport of particles and heat, which is determined by turbulence, from the central plasma to the edge zone. In this thesis, we model turbulence in the edge plasma. We study in particular the divertor configuration, in which the central plasma is isolated from the walls by means of an additional magnetic field. This complex magnetic geometry is simulated with the fluid turbulence code TOKAM3X, developed in collaboration between the IRFM at CEA and the M2P2 laboratory of the University of Aix-Marseille.A comparison with simulations in simplified geometry shows a similar intermittent nature of turbulence. Nevertheless, the amplitude of the fluctuations, which has a maximum at the equatorial plane, is greatly reduced near the X-point, where the field lines become purely toroidal, in agreement with the recent experimental data. The simulations in divertor configuration show a significantly higher confinement than in circular geometry. A partial inhibition of the radial transport of particles at the X-point contributes to this improvement. This mechanism is potentially important for understanding the transition from low confinement mode to high confinement mode, the intended operational mode for ITER.
Author: Clothilde Colin Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The possibility to produce power by using magnetically confined fusion is a scientific and technological challenge. The perspective of ITER conveys strong signals to intensify modeling effort on magnetized fusion plasmas. The success of the fusion operation is conditioned by the quality of plasma confinement in the core of the reactor and by the control of plasma exhaust on the wall. Both phenomena are related to turbulent cross-field transport that is at the heart of the notion of magnetic confinement studies, particle and heat losses. The study of edge phenomena is therefore complicated by a particularly complex magnetic geometry.This calls for an improvement of our capacity to develop numerical tools able to reproduce turbulent transport properties reliable to predict particle and energy fluxes on the plasma facing components. This thesis introduces the TOKAM3X fluid model to simulate edge plasma turbulence. A special focus is made on the code Verification and the Validation. It is a necessary step before using a code as a predictive tool. Then new insights on physical properties of the edge plasma turbulence are explored. In particular, the poloidal asymmetries induced by turbulence and observed experimentally in the Low-Field-Side of the devices are investigated in details. Great care is dedicated to the reproduction of the MISTRAL base case which consists in changing the magnetic configuration and observing the impact on parallel flows in the poloidal plane. The simulations recover experimental measurements and provide new insights on the effect of the plasma-wall contact position location on the turbulent features, which were not accessible in experiments.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The edge plasma plays key roles in tokamak devices: generates the edge transport-barrier yielding the L-H core confinement transition, distributes the core charged-particle energy to surrounding material surfaces, shields the core from impurities, and removes helium ash in fusion plasmas. The transport of density, momentum, and energy in the near-separatrix edge region, and the corresponding self-consistent electrostatic potential, require a two-dimensional description, here incorporated into the UEDGE code. In the direction across the B-field, both turbulent transport and classical cross-field flows are important. The role of classical flows is analyzed in detail in the presence of an assumed diffusive turbulent transport. Results and explanations are given for the generation of radial electric field near the separatrix, edge plasma asymmetries and differences between double-null DIII-D and NSTX devices, comparisons with DIII-D diagnostics for single-null divertor, and core/edge transport coupling.
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Author: R. Cohen
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Author: Gregory De Dominici
Author: Stefano Coda
Author: R. H. Cohen
Author: Davide Galassi
Author: Clothilde Colin
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