Gender and Sexual Dimorphism in Flowering Plants PDF Download

Author: Monica A. Geber
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662039087
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 319

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Book Description
Written by the leading experts in the field, this book examines the evolutionary advantages of gender dimorphism and sexual dimorphism in flowering plants. Divided into three sections: the first introduces readers to the tremendous variety of breeding systems and their evolution in plants and sets the stage for a consideration of the evolution of dimorphism in reproductive and non-reproductive characters. The second section deals with the evolution of secondary sexual characters, including the theory related to the evolution of sexual dimorphism and its empirical patterns, while the last section deals with the genetics of gender expression and of secondary sexual characters.

Author: Malte Andersson
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691207275
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 621

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Book Description
Bright colors, enlarged fins, feather plumes, song, horns, antlers, and tusks are often highly sex dimorphic. Why have males in many animals evolved more conspicuous ornaments, signals, and weapons than females? How can such traits evolve although they may reduce male survival? Such questions prompted Darwin's perhaps most scientifically controversial idea--the theory of sexual selection. It still challenges researchers today as they try to understand how competition for mates can favor the variety of sex-dimorphic traits. Reviewing theoretical and empirical work in this very active field, Malte Andersson, a leading contributor himself, provides a major up-to-date synthesis of sexual selection. The author describes the theory and its recent development; examines models, methods, and empirical tests; and identifies many unsolved problems. Among the topics discussed are the selection and evolution of mating preferences; relations between sexual selection and speciation; constraints on sexual selection; and sex differences in signals, body size, and weapons. The rapidly growing study of sexual selection in plants is also reviewed. This volume will interest students, teachers, and researchers in behavioral ecology and evolutionary biology.

Author: Roberta L. Hall
Publisher: Greenwood
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 522

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Author: Hiroshi Moriyama
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535110756
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 154

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Book Description
Sexual Dimorphism- Various biological studies on the subject of sex differences have been published. The subjects of these studies are not only humans, but also other mammals, birds, amphibians, insects, extending to ostracoda in the Paleozoic era. Moreover, original methods in individual studies have been used. This book provides convincing reasons which explain sex differences. The book also shows that, even if considered that some living things do not have sex differences, in reality they do. The somewhat different data on sex differences in this book will offer new ideas not only to life scientists and biologists, but social and cultural scientists as well.

Author: Gilbert Herdt
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 194213052X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 357

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Book Description
Most modern discussions of the relationship of biological sex to gender presuppose that there are two genders, male and female, founded on the two biological sexes. But not all cultures share this essentialist assumption, and even Western societies have not always embraced it. Bringing together historical and anthropological studies, Third Sex, Third Gender challenges the usual emphasis on sexual dimorphism and reproduction, providing a unique perspective on the various forms of socialization of people who are neither “male” nor “female.” The existence of a third sex or gender enables us to understand how Byzantine palace eunuchs and Indian hijras met the criteria of special social roles that necessitated practices such as self-castration, and how intimate and forbidden desires were expressed among the Dutch Sodomites in the early modern period, the Sapphists of eighteenth-century England, or the so-called hermaphrodite-homosexuals of nineteenth-century Europe and America. By contextualizing these practices and by allowing these bodies, meanings, and desires to emerge, Third Sex, Third Gender provides a new way to think about sex and gender systems that is crucial to contemporary debates within the social sciences.

Author: Ian Rowley
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780198546900
Category : Maluridae
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
The brilliantly coloured Fairy-wrens and enigmatic Grasswrens form a group of birds (Family Maluridae) that occur only in Australia and New Guinea. They are small -- the largest weigh no more than 40 grams, while the smallest emu-wrens are only 5 -6 grams -- and feed mainly on the ground or inlow vegetation. Most males are brightly coloured, while the female plumage is duller. They have a fascinating social organization, with resident social groups consisting of long-lasting social pairs and their progeny, retained long after independence. All members of the group help to raise theyoung. Social pairing, however, does not preclude promiscuity, and most males seek matings outside the group. Although their cocked tails and general appearance reminded early Australian settlers of wrens back home, and the English name has persisted, Fairy-wrens and Grasswrens are not closelyrelated to wrens (Troglodytidae). In the first eight chapters, the authors look at the family as a whole, describing their taxonomy, evolution, biology, behaviour, and conservation. These chapters are include black-and-white drawings showing typical behaviour, as well summary graphs and tables. Then follow the twenty-five speciesaccounts, each one giving comprehensive information on the bird in its natural state. Distribution maps and sonograms are included. All species are fully illustrated in colour, in superb plates by Peter Marsack especially commissioned for this volume.

Author: Christopher B. Ruff
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118627962
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 503

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Book Description
A comprehensive analysis of changes in body form and skeletal robusticity from the Terminal Pleistocene through the Holocene, leading to the modern European human phenotype. Skeletal Variation and Adaptation in Europeans: Upper Paleolithic to the Twentieth Century brings together for the first time the results of an unprecedented large-scale investigation of European skeletal remains. The study was conducted over ten years by an international research team, and includes more than 2,000 skeletons spanning most of the European continent over the past 30,000 years, from the Early Upper Paleolithic to the 20th century. This time span includes environmental transitions from foraging to food production, small-scale to large-scale urban settlements, increasing social stratification and mechanization of labor, and climatic changes. Alterations in body form and behavior in response to these transitions are reconstructed through osteometric and biomechanical analyses. Divided into four sections, the book includes an introduction to the project and comprehensive descriptions of the methods used; general continent-wide syntheses of major trends in body size, shape, and skeletal robusticity; detailed regional analyses; and a summary of results. It also offers a full data set on an external website. Brings together data from an unprecedented large-scale study of human skeletal and anatomical variations Includes appendix of specific information from each research site Synthesizes data from spatial, temporal, regional, and geographical perspectives Skeletal Variation and Adaptation in Europeans will be a valuable resource for bioarchaeologists, palaeoanthropologists, forensic anthropologists, medical historians, and archaeologists at both the graduate and post-graduate level.

Author: Rui F. Oliveira
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139469525
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 490

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Book Description
The study of alternative reproductive tactics (the behavioural strategies used by individuals to increase their reproductive success) is an evolutionary puzzle, and one of great interest to researchers. For instance, why do some males guard both nest and eggs, while others sneak into nests while pairs are spawning and fertilise those eggs? The field offers a special opportunity to study the evolution and functional causes of phenotypic variation, which is a general problem in the field of evolutionary biology. By integrating both mechanistic (psychological) and evolutionary (behavioural ecology) perspectives and by covering a great diversity of species, Alternative Reproductive Tactics addresses this integrated topic of longstanding interest, bringing together a multitude of otherwise scattered information in an accessible form that is ideal for graduate students and researchers.

Author: Frank Alois Pitelka
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Limnodromus
Languages : en
Pages : 85

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Author: Daphne J. Fairbairn
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0199208786
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 280

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Book Description
This collection of 20 chapters written by leading evolutionary biologists from around the globe provides a fascinating insight into the patterns and causes of differences between males and females in the natural world.