School Meal Program Participation and Its Association with Dietary Patterns and Childhood Obesity PDF Download

Author: Philip Gleason
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437921337
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 162

View

Book Description

Author: Philip Gleason
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 170

View

Book Description
We used data from the School Nutrition Dietary Assessment III Study to examine the dietary patterns of school meal program participants and nonparticipants and the relationship between school meal participation and children's BMI and risk of overweight or obesity. School Breakfast Program (SBP) participants consumed more low nutrient energy dense (LNED) baked goods and more calories at breakfast than non participants. National School Lunch Program (NSLP) participants had lower intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and a lower percentage of calories from LNED foods and beverages than nonparticipants. Overall, NSLP participation was not significantly related to students BMI, though participants were less likely to be overweight or obese than non-participants among black students but more likely to be so among "other race" students. SBP participants had significantly lower BMI than non-participants, possibly because SBP participants are more likely to eat breakfast and eat more at breakfast, spreading calorie intake more evenly over the course of the day. A section on Dietary Patterns of School Meal Participants and Nonparticipants: Supplemental Tables is appended. (Contains 40 tables, 4 figures and 41 footnotes.).

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4

View

Book Description

Author: Li-Tung Tony Hung
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
ISBN: 9781361358214
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

View

Book Description
This dissertation, "A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of School Lunch Program for Reducing Childhood Obesity" by Li-tung, Tony, Hung, 幸利東, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the effectiveness of school lunch programs for reducing childhood obesity by examining changes to the Body Mass Index (BMI) as an outcome measure to compare and assess the effectiveness of different school lunch interventions. Background: Childhood obesity has a high likelihood of leading to obesity in adulthood and this negative effect is well documented. School lunches have been widely implemented in this decade for tackling childhood obesity. Many countries are following this trend to align school lunches with national or standard nutrition guidelines as part of the school policy. Since many schools have only recently started to provide school lunches, the impact of these programs in terms of reducing childhood obesity has yet to be fully explored. Methods: Published literature about school lunch and body mass index from 2008 to 2014 was collected through PubMed and ScienceDirect. Relevant studies, including cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, case control studies, and observational studies, were included if they involved interventions that measured BMI as an independent outcome. Results: Nine studies from USA and one from Norway were included in this systematic review. For measuring school lunch participation, 4 were associated with increased BMI after intervention, 1 was associated with decreased BMI and 3 were not statistically significant with BMI. For studies that included consumption or observed energy intake, 3 were associated with lower BMI and 1 study showed that higher consumption lowered initial BMI but increased BMI over time. Overall, the results were inconsistent, and this may be attributed to confounding factors such as different food environments, meal quality, and availability of school snacks. Conclusion: The implications for school lunch programs as a key factor in lowering childhood obesity are complicated. No solid conclusions can be inferred for the effectiveness of school lunch program for lowering childhood obesity, as certain studies show positive relationships and others show no association. Future research with primary data and longitudinal cohort with years follow up may be considered for studying the relationship of between the school lunch program and the trend of BMI of children change at each level of school. Research on extending observed energy intake should also be applied in order to provide guidance for policy change on the meal quality, food options, competitive foods availability as well as nutrition guidelines. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5320357 Subjects: Obesity in children Luncheons

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309133408
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 435

View

Book Description
Children's health has made tremendous strides over the past century. In general, life expectancy has increased by more than thirty years since 1900 and much of this improvement is due to the reduction of infant and early childhood mortality. Given this trajectory toward a healthier childhood, we begin the 21st-century with a shocking developmentâ€"an epidemic of obesity in children and youth. The increased number of obese children throughout the U.S. during the past 25 years has led policymakers to rank it as one of the most critical public health threats of the 21st-century. Preventing Childhood Obesity provides a broad-based examination of the nature, extent, and consequences of obesity in U.S. children and youth, including the social, environmental, medical, and dietary factors responsible for its increased prevalence. The book also offers a prevention-oriented action plan that identifies the most promising array of short-term and longer-term interventions, as well as recommendations for the roles and responsibilities of numerous stakeholders in various sectors of society to reduce its future occurrence. Preventing Childhood Obesity explores the underlying causes of this serious health problem and the actions needed to initiate, support, and sustain the societal and lifestyle changes that can reverse the trend among our children and youth.

Author: Therese Bonomo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

View

Book Description
There has been significant media attention on the issue of childhood obesity, leading policymakers to reform the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) to include stricter nutritional requirements. We use data on school lunch menus to document improvements in the nutritional quality of school meals between 1991 and 2010. We then evaluate how this change in nutritional content maps into obesity outcomes, using panel data on a nationally representative cohort of children, tracking them from kindergarten entry in fall 2010 through the end of fifth grade in spring 2016. We find little evidence that participation in the school lunch program leads to weight gain, as measured by changes in obesity, overweight, and BMI. These results suggest that improvements in the nutritional content of school lunches have been largely successful in reversing the previously negative relationship between school lunches and childhood obesity. Unrelated to school lunch participation, we find a strong relationship between mother's obesity status and both the level and growth of children's obesity, especially for girls and among high-SES families.

Author: David Smallwood
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437926606
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 21

View

Book Description
Summarizes the Food Assist. and Nutrition Research Program (FANRP) activities and accomplishments in FY 2009, including newly awarded projects and recent pub. FANRP supports research on a wide range of policy-relevant food assistance and nutrition topics. The three perennial program themes are: (1) Program Outcomes and Economic Well-Being of Participants; (2) Program Access and Economic Determinants of Participation; and (3) Program Dynamics and Efficiency. The core food and nutrition assistance programs include the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP; formerly the Food Stamp Program), the child nutrition programs, and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Illus.

Author: Daniel L. Millimet
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : National school lunch program
Languages : en
Pages : 23

View

Book Description
In light of the recent rise in childhood obesity, the School Breakfast Program (SBP) and National School Lunch Program (NSLP) have received renewed attention. Using panel data on over 13,500 primary school students, we assess the relationship between SBP and NSLP participation and (relatively) long-run measures of child weight. After documenting a positive association between SBP participation and child weight, and no association between NSLP participation and child weight, we present evidence indicating positive selection into the SBP. Allowing for even modest positive selection is sufficient to alter the results, indicating that the SBP is a valuable tool in the current battle against childhood obesity, whereas the NSLP exacerbates the current epidemic.

Author: Surender S. Ghonkrokta
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351775111
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 199

View

Book Description
Food system has become complex with globalisation and there are stringent requirements from food business operators. In this respect there is a need to bring together aspects of food security, food safety management, food quality management, food analysis and risk analysis. This book focuses on all these aspects hence it would find wide application amongst academia, researchers, food regulators, auditors and consumers.

Author: Jacey Ann Greece
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 444

View

Book Description
Abstract: Child health promotion is a salient public health goal. Childhood obesity rates have risen dramatically over the past few decades with more than 20% of youths overweight or obese by the time they enter middle school. Population-based strategies including those delivered through schools are needed to positively impact this trend. The IMOVE program evaluation, a quasi-experimental study involving one intervention and one comparison school, examines the influence of a school-based healthy eating program in a middle school cafeteria serving low-income, racially-diverse adolescents. Study 1 examined the association between the availability of healthy lunch meals (IMOVE meals) in school cafeterias and lunch and snack food purchase patterns of students. The introduction of IMOVE resulted in significantly less participation in purchase of low nutritional quality snack foods from fall to spring term. Students in both schools had similarly high participation in school lunch all year long, suggesting that IMOVE participation was sustainable. Study 2 examined the association between body mass index and purchase of IMOVE and standard school lunch meals in the intervention school. This study also identified sociodemographic predictors of participation in the school lunch program. Students who were overweight or obese had a significantly higher rate of purchase of both types of lunches, but even more so for standard school lunch than for IMOVE meals, compared to students who were not overweight/obese. Other characteristics significantly associated with participation in IMOVE and standard school lunch were nonwhite race, sixth grade, and low-income status. Study 3 examined the association between exposure to IMOVE and total daily food and nutrient intake measured using an abbreviated food screener before and after the intervention. At follow-up, students in the IMOVE school consumed sugary beverages and higher-fat milk offerings less often in their daily diets than students in the comparison school. Efforts to combat childhood obesity through changes in the school food environment have some impact, but require the support of policy action and nutrition education initiatives to be most effective. The IMOVE program proved feasible, acceptable, and sustainable, providing a model upon which to build additional intervention components to more comprehensively impact student wellness.