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Author: Bradley Thomas Burchett Publisher: ISBN: Category : Rockets (Ordnance) Languages : en Pages : 348
Book Description
Uncontrolled direct fire rockets exhibit high impact point dispersion, even at relatively short range, and as such have been employed as area weapons on the battlefield. In order to reduce the dispersion of a direct fire rocket, feedback control is employed to fire short-duration solid rocket pulses mounted near the nose of the projectile and acting perpendicular to the projectile axis of symmetry. The feedback law is developed by first determining a piece wise linear model of the projectile swerving motion, subsequently using this linear model to predict the projectile impact point both with and without control, and using the results to command pulses at appropriate times to drive the impact point closer to the specified target. Candidate optimal control laws are formed using rules based on decision grids, and a global control strategy search algorithm. The global search control law proves to be prohibitively computationally expensive for on-line implementation. The performance of the baseline control law is found to be comparable to the rule based and global search optimal control laws. The control gains of the baseline control law are optimized in the presence of parametric plant uncertainty using a Monte Carlo simulation. Performance of the system in the presence of parametric plant uncertainty using the optimized gains is deemed comparable to performance of the baseline controller with no plant uncertainty. The level of uncertainty of several plant parameters is varied in order to compare robustness of the controller when optimized with uncertainty viz. without uncertainty.
Author: Bradley Thomas Burchett Publisher: ISBN: Category : Rockets (Ordnance) Languages : en Pages : 348
Book Description
Uncontrolled direct fire rockets exhibit high impact point dispersion, even at relatively short range, and as such have been employed as area weapons on the battlefield. In order to reduce the dispersion of a direct fire rocket, feedback control is employed to fire short-duration solid rocket pulses mounted near the nose of the projectile and acting perpendicular to the projectile axis of symmetry. The feedback law is developed by first determining a piece wise linear model of the projectile swerving motion, subsequently using this linear model to predict the projectile impact point both with and without control, and using the results to command pulses at appropriate times to drive the impact point closer to the specified target. Candidate optimal control laws are formed using rules based on decision grids, and a global control strategy search algorithm. The global search control law proves to be prohibitively computationally expensive for on-line implementation. The performance of the baseline control law is found to be comparable to the rule based and global search optimal control laws. The control gains of the baseline control law are optimized in the presence of parametric plant uncertainty using a Monte Carlo simulation. Performance of the system in the presence of parametric plant uncertainty using the optimized gains is deemed comparable to performance of the baseline controller with no plant uncertainty. The level of uncertainty of several plant parameters is varied in order to compare robustness of the controller when optimized with uncertainty viz. without uncertainty.
Author: Thanat Jitpraphai Publisher: ISBN: Category : Flight control Languages : en Pages : 256
Book Description
Impact point dispersion of a direct fire rocket can be drastically reduced with a ring of appropriately sized lateral pulse jets coupled to a trajectory tracking flight control system. The system is shown to work well against uncertainty in the form of initial off-axis angular velocity perturbations as well as atmospheric winds. For an example case examined, dispersion was reduced by a factor of one hundred. Dispersion reduction and mean miss distance are strong functions of the number of individual pulse jets, the pulse jet impulse, and the trajectory tracking window size. Proper selection of these parameters for a particular rocket and launcher combination is required to achieve optimum dispersion reduction to the pulse jet control mechanism. For the lateral pulse jet control mechanism that falls into the category of an impulse control mechanism, the trajectory tracking flight control law provides better reduction in dispersion and mean miss distance than the proportional navigation guidance law especially when small number of individual pulse jets is used. Estimation of body frame components of angular velocity and angular acceleration of a rigid body projectile undergoing general three-dimensional motion using linear acceleration measurements is considered. The results are comparable to those obtained from a conventional Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) that composes of accelerometers and gyroscopes. From the study of the effect of sensor errors to the measurement and the control performance, the sensitivity of the angular rate estimation to the sensor noise is a strong function of the constellation of these three accelerometers. When more than three point measurements are used, the most effective method to fuse data is with one cluster that contains all sensors. In the conventional IMU, the dispersion and miss distance are less sensitive to the errors from accelerometers than to the gyroscopes. The estimation of angular rates plays essential roles in the performance of the control system in the reduction of dispersion and miss distance. The use of many accelerometers does not guarantee to reduce the sensitivity to errors. The selection of constellation among accelerometers in the data fusion process must be carefully taken into account.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 41
Book Description
The impact point dispersion of a direct-fire rocket can be drastically reduced with a ring of appropriately sized lateral pulse jets coupled to a trajectory tracking flight control system% The system is shown to work well against uncertainty in the form of initial off-axis angular velocity perturbations as well as atmospheric winds. In an example case, dispersion was reduced by a factor of 100. Dispersion reduction is a strong function of the number of individual pulse jets, the pulse jet impulse, and the trajectory tracking window size. Properly selecting these parameters for a particular rocket and launcher combination is required to achieve optimum dispersion reduction. For relatively low pulse jet impulse, dispersion steadily decreases as the number of pulse jets is increased or as the pulse jet impulse is increased. For a fixed total pulse jet ring impulse, a single pulse is the optimum pulse jet configuration when the pulse jet ring impulse is small due to the fact that the effect of a pulse on the trajectory of a rocket decreases as the round flies down range.
Author: Thanat Jitpraphai Publisher: ISBN: Category : Precision guided munitions Languages : en Pages : 21
Book Description
Compared to gun launch ammunition, uncontrolled direct fire atmospheric rockets are terribly inaccurate, to the point where they are used most effectively on the battlefield as area weapons. Dispersion characteristics can be dramatically improved by outfitting the rocket with a suitable control mechanism and sensor suite. In the work reported here, a lateral pulse jet control mechanism is considered. The lateral pulse jet mechanism consists of a finite number of small thrusters spaced equally around the circumference of the rocket. Using a simulation model that includes projectile, flight control system, and inertial measurement unit dynamics, three different control laws are contrasted, namely, proportional navigation guidance, parabolic and proportional navigation guidance, and trajectory tracking control laws. When the number of individual pulse jets is small, a trajectory tracking control law provides superior dispersion reduction. However, as the number of pulse jets is increased, the relative performance of the parabolic and proportional navigation guidance control law is slightly better than the trajectory tracking control law. When the number of pulse jets is small, the proportional navigation guidance, as well as the parabolic and proportional navigation guidance control laws, exhibits large mean miss distance. All control laws appear to be equally susceptible to accelerometer and gyroscope errors that corrupt inertial measurement unit rocket state feedback.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 38
Book Description
Compared to gun launch ammunition, uncontrolled direct fire atmospheric rockets are terribly inaccurate, to the point where they are used most effectively on the battlefield as area weapons. Dispersion characteristics can be dramatically improved by outfitting the rocket with a suitable control mechanism and sensor suite. In the work reported here, a lateral pulse jet control mechanism is considered. The lateral pulse jet mechanism consists of a finite number of small thrusters spaced equally around the circumference of the rocket. Using a simulation model that includes projectile, flight control system, and inertial measurement unit dynamics, three different control laws are contrasted, namely, proportional navigation guidance, parabolic and proportional navigation guidance, and trajectory tracking control laws. When the number of individual pulse jets is small, a trajectory tracking control law provides superior dispersion reduction. However, as the number of pulse jets is increased, the relative performance of the parabolic and proportional navigation guidance control law is slightly better than the trajectory tracking control law. When the number of pulse jets is small, the proportional navigation guidance, as well as the parabolic and proportional navigation guidance control laws, exhibits large mean miss distance. All control laws appear to be equally susceptible to accelerometer and gyroscope errors that corrupt inertial measurement unit rocket state feedback.
Author: Ashish Tewari Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119972744 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 416
Book Description
Advanced Control of Aircraft, Spacecraft and Rockets introduces the reader to the concepts of modern control theory applied to the design and analysis of general flight control systems in a concise and mathematically rigorous style. It presents a comprehensive treatment of both atmospheric and space flight control systems including aircraft, rockets (missiles and launch vehicles), entry vehicles and spacecraft (both orbital and attitude control). The broad coverage of topics emphasizes the synergies among the various flight control systems and attempts to show their evolution from the same set of physical principles as well as their design and analysis by similar mathematical tools. In addition, this book presents state-of-art control system design methods - including multivariable, optimal, robust, digital and nonlinear strategies - as applied to modern flight control systems. Advanced Control of Aircraft, Spacecraft and Rockets features worked examples and problems at the end of each chapter as well as a number of MATLAB / Simulink examples housed on an accompanying website at http://home.iitk.ac.in/~ashtew that are realistic and representative of the state-of-the-art in flight control.
Author: DP Mishra Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351708414 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 364
Book Description
The book follows a unified approach to present the basic principles of rocket propulsion in concise and lucid form. This textbook comprises of ten chapters ranging from brief introduction and elements of rocket propulsion, aerothermodynamics to solid, liquid and hybrid propellant rocket engines with chapter on electrical propulsion. Worked out examples are also provided at the end of chapter for understanding uncertainty analysis. This book is designed and developed as an introductory text on the fundamental aspects of rocket propulsion for both undergraduate and graduate students. It is also aimed towards practicing engineers in the field of space engineering. This comprehensive guide also provides adequate problems for audience to understand intricate aspects of rocket propulsion enabling them to design and develop rocket engines for peaceful purposes.
Author: Bradley Thomas Burchett
Author: Bradley Thomas Burchett
Author: Thanat Jitpraphai
Author: 
Author: Thanat Jitpraphai
Author: 
Author: Ashish Tewari
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Dieter Schwarzmann
Author: DP Mishra