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Author: Louis Baudin Publisher: ISBN: 9781614271536 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 466
Book Description
2011 Reprint of 1961 Edition. Many social scientists have attempted to lump the unique Inca society into modern political and economic categories. Louis Baudin argued that Incan society was socialistic. He claimed that the ayllu system is what classified the Inca as a system of state socialism. Baudin defines state socialism as being based on the idea of the regulative action of a central power in social relations. According to Baudin, the idea of private property in Europe had been in existence for centuries, but no such idea existed at the times of the Incas. He claims, that society in Peru rested on a foundation of collective ownership which, to a certain extent, facilitated its establishment, because the effacement of the individual within a group prepared him to allow himself to be absorbed. Baudin argued that the higher ranking Incas tried, and succeeded to an extent, to force a degree of uniformity on the common Inca. The Inca were forced to dress similarly, eat the same food, practice the same religion, and speak the same language, Quechua.
Author: Louis Baudin Publisher: ISBN: 9781614271536 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 466
Book Description
2011 Reprint of 1961 Edition. Many social scientists have attempted to lump the unique Inca society into modern political and economic categories. Louis Baudin argued that Incan society was socialistic. He claimed that the ayllu system is what classified the Inca as a system of state socialism. Baudin defines state socialism as being based on the idea of the regulative action of a central power in social relations. According to Baudin, the idea of private property in Europe had been in existence for centuries, but no such idea existed at the times of the Incas. He claims, that society in Peru rested on a foundation of collective ownership which, to a certain extent, facilitated its establishment, because the effacement of the individual within a group prepared him to allow himself to be absorbed. Baudin argued that the higher ranking Incas tried, and succeeded to an extent, to force a degree of uniformity on the common Inca. The Inca were forced to dress similarly, eat the same food, practice the same religion, and speak the same language, Quechua.
Author: Marcus Tullius Cicero Publisher: Franklin Classics ISBN: 9780343353964 Category : Languages : en Pages : 502
Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author: Tato Laviera Publisher: Arte Publico Press ISBN: 9781611920598 Category : Poetry Languages : en Pages : 100
Book Description
In Tato LavieraÍs third collection, poems celebrate the array of stripes and colors making up the American people. In the beginning section, ñEthnic Tributes,î Laviera crafts poems with titles like, ñarab,î ñblack,î ñchinese,î ñgreek,î ñjamaican,î ñspanish,î and ñmundo-world.î In ñboricua,î he fashions a timely plea for an end to prejudice, saying that for Puerto Ricans ñ. . . color is generally color-blind/with us, thatÍs our contribution, all/ the colors are tied/to our one.î The latter two sections of the collection, ñValuesî and ñPoliticsî build on the themes of ethnic exchange and the place of the boriqueÐo in that greater scheme. In ñcommonwealth,î Laviera writes of these tensions. ñIÍm still in the commonwealth/ stage of my life, not knowing/ which ideology to select.î The poems of Tato Laviera are complex and engaging; through his words, his spirit, his bilingualism, and his dual identity he offers readers poems that are a celebration of life and identity. Wolfgang Binder, Professor at the University of Erlangen in the Federal Republic of Germany writes, ñWith AmeRÕcan, Tato Laviera confirms his excellent reputation as a vital poet and humanist. Laviera is postulating and ïdefining the new America, humane America,Í but he will not be absorbed by a mythical melting pot.î
Author: William Luis Publisher: Vanderbilt University Press ISBN: 9780826513953 Category : Literary Criticism Languages : en Pages : 380
Book Description
Offers insights on Latino Caribbean writers born or raised in the United States who are at the vanguard of a literary movement that has captured both critical and popular interest. In this groundbreaking study, William Luis analyzes the most salient and representative narrative and poetic works of the newest literary movement to emerge in Spanish American and U.S. literatures. The book is divided into three sections, each focused on representative Puerto Rican American, Cuban American, and Dominican American authors. Luis traces the writers' origins and influences from the nineteenth century to the present, focusing especially on the contemporary works of Oscar Hijuelos, Julia Alvarez, Cristina Garcia, and Piri Thomas, among others. While engaging in close readings of the texts, Luis places them in a broader social, historical, political, and racial perspective to expose the tension between text and context. As a group, Latino Caribbeans write an ethnic literature in English that is born of their struggle to forge an identity separate from both the influences of their parents' culture and those of the United States. For these writers, their parents' country of origin is a distant memory. They have developed a culture of resistance and a language that mediates between their parents' identity and the culture that they themselves live in. Latino Caribbeans are engaged in a metaphorical dance with Anglo Americans as the dominant culture. Just as that dance represents a coming together of separate influences to make a unique art form, so do both Hispanic and North American cultures combine to bring a new literature into being. This new body of literature helps us to understand not only the adjustments Latino Caribbean cultures have had to make within the larger U.S. environment but also how the dominant culture has been affected by their presence.
Author: Tato Laviera Publisher: Arte Publico Press ISBN: 9781558858008 Category : Poetry Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
"i think in spanish / i write in english / i want to go back to puerto rico / but I wonder if my kink could live / in ponce, mayaguez and carolina." Born in Puerto Rico but raised in New York City, Tato Laviera's poetry reflects his bilingual, bicultural Nuyorican existence while celebrating the universality of the human condition and his European, indigenous and African roots. Tato Laviera explores identity, community, urban life, oppression and much more in these multi-layered pieces that spanned his too-short life. Many deal with themes specific to the immigrant experience, such as the sense of alienation many feel when they are not accepted in their native or adopted land. In "nuyorican," he writes about returning to his native island, only to be looked down upon for his way of speaking: "ahora regreso, con un corazon boricua, y tu / me desprecias, me miras mal, me atacas mi hablar." Music and dance, an integral part of Puerto Rican life, permeate Laviera's verse and pay homage to the Caribbean's African roots. "i hear merengue in french haiti / and in dominican blood, / and the guaracha in yoruba, / and the mambo sounds inside the plena." Including all of his previously published poems and some that have never been published, these are bold expressions of hybridity in which people of mixed races speak a combination of languages. He skillfully weaves English and Spanish, and frequently writes in Spanglish. The importance of language and its impact on his identity is evident in poems entitled "Espanol," "Bilingue" and "Spanglish." Known for his lively, energetic poetry readings, Bendicion represents an internationally recognized poet's life work and will serve to keep Tato Laviera's words and the issues he wrote about alive long after his death.
Author: Tato Laviera Publisher: Arte Publico Press ISBN: 9781611922141 Category : Social Science Languages : es Pages : 56
Book Description
In Mainstream Ethics (Žtica corriente) Tato Laviera explores the geographic and linguistic imperatives of Hispanics in the United States. Whereas in the past Laviera redirected Hispanics to invest culture and emotion in the reality of the Metropolis, in Mainstream Ethics he affirms that Hispanic language and lore, art and history are transforming the national culture and identity of the United States. It is not the role of Hispanics to follow the dictates of a shadowy norm, an illusive main stream, but to remain faithful to their collective and individual identitiesÉ to either lay claim to mainstream territory or disprove its very existence.
Author: William Luis Publisher: University of Texas Press ISBN: 0292741324 Category : Literary Criticism Languages : en Pages : 327
Book Description
In the nineteenth century, the Cuban economy rested on the twin pillars of sugar and slaves. Slavery was abolished in 1886, but, one hundred years later, Cuban authors were still writing antislavery narratives. William Luis explores this seeming paradox in his groundbreaking study Literary Bondage, asking why this literary genre has remained a viable means of expression. Applying Foucault's theory of counter-discourse to a vast body of antislavery literature, Luis shows how these narratives have always served to undermine the foundations of slavery, to protest the marginalized status of blacks in Cuban society, and to rewrite the canon of "acceptable" history and literature. He finds that emancipation did not end the need for such counter-discourse and reveals how the antislavery narrative continues to provide a forum for voices that have been silenced by the dominant culture. In addition to such well-known works as Cecilia Valdés, The Kingdom of This World, and The Autobiography of a Runaway Slave, Luis draws on many literary works outside the familiar canon, including Romualdo, uno de tantos, Aponte, SofíaLa familia Unzúazu, El negrero, and Los guerrilleros negros. This comprehensive coverage raises important questions about the process of canon-formation and brings to light Cuba's rich heritage of Afro-Latin literature and culture.
Author: Tato Laviera Publisher: Arte Publico Press ISBN: 9781611921397 Category : Poetry Languages : en Pages : 76
Book Description
Enclave is Tato LavieraÍs second book of verse. As in his successful La Carreta Made a U-Turn, Laviera celebrates the Puerto Rican experience in New York. While the earlier book focuses on events and scenes, Enclave concentrates on the individual. Laviera provides a gallery of portraits of the indomitable inhabitants of the enclave, whose lives are evoked through the soulful rhythmic songs ñen clave.î
Author: Ludwig Von Mises Publisher: Ludwig von Mises Institute ISBN: 161016461X Category : Economics Languages : en Pages : 342
Book Description
Collection of essays on economic theory. Most of the essays originally appeared in the late 1920s in German journals devoted to the social sciences, with the original German language collection being issued in 1933.
Author: Louis Baudin
Author: Louis Baudin
Author: Marcus Tullius Cicero
Author: Tato Laviera
Author: Tato Laviera
Author: William Luis
Author: Tato Laviera
Author: Tato Laviera
Author: William Luis
Author: Tato Laviera
Author: Ludwig Von Mises