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Author: Adeel Zafar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Vulnerability of buildings to seismic hazards is more drastic in developing countries with high seismicity, as compared to developed countries. This is primarily attributed to the lack of seismic design guidelines, which fit the type of structural systems and practices that are often applied in such parts of the world. Response reduction factors (R factors) are essential seismic design tools, which are typically used to describe the level of inelasticity expected in lateral structural systems during an earthquake. The R factors in many developing countries are often adopted from the well developed seismic design codes used in the United States or Europe. These R factors provide false representation for the structural practices applied in developing countries and thus considered unrealistic. So there is a dire need to come up with realistic R factors for various structural systems used in such countries. This study utilizes incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) and peak ground parameters to determine the R factor of reinforced concrete (RC) moment resisting frames (MRFs) in Pakistan. A suite of ground motion records from the region is used in the study. Two-dimensional building models are developed in OpenSees and subjected to nonlinear time history analysis. Fiber sections with different material constitutive behaviors are constructed for each of the building0́9s critical elements. The reinforcement detailing of the analyzed buildings is determined from two prototype buildings in Pakistan. A parametric study involving RC MRFs with variation in dimensional and material properties was conducted to examine the effect of these properties on R factor. Results showed that R factor is affected by both geometric configuration and material strength; however, variation in geometric parameters tends to display more significant impact on the R factor value. The results also show that the R factors recommended by the United States seismic design provisions are unconservative and over estimate the R factor values for some selection of ground motion while it is conservative for others.
Author: Adeel Zafar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Vulnerability of buildings to seismic hazards is more drastic in developing countries with high seismicity, as compared to developed countries. This is primarily attributed to the lack of seismic design guidelines, which fit the type of structural systems and practices that are often applied in such parts of the world. Response reduction factors (R factors) are essential seismic design tools, which are typically used to describe the level of inelasticity expected in lateral structural systems during an earthquake. The R factors in many developing countries are often adopted from the well developed seismic design codes used in the United States or Europe. These R factors provide false representation for the structural practices applied in developing countries and thus considered unrealistic. So there is a dire need to come up with realistic R factors for various structural systems used in such countries. This study utilizes incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) and peak ground parameters to determine the R factor of reinforced concrete (RC) moment resisting frames (MRFs) in Pakistan. A suite of ground motion records from the region is used in the study. Two-dimensional building models are developed in OpenSees and subjected to nonlinear time history analysis. Fiber sections with different material constitutive behaviors are constructed for each of the building0́9s critical elements. The reinforcement detailing of the analyzed buildings is determined from two prototype buildings in Pakistan. A parametric study involving RC MRFs with variation in dimensional and material properties was conducted to examine the effect of these properties on R factor. Results showed that R factor is affected by both geometric configuration and material strength; however, variation in geometric parameters tends to display more significant impact on the R factor value. The results also show that the R factors recommended by the United States seismic design provisions are unconservative and over estimate the R factor values for some selection of ground motion while it is conservative for others.
Author: fib Fédération internationale du béton Publisher: fib Fédération internationale du béton ISBN: 2883941092 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 222
Book Description
fib Bulletin 69 illustrates and compares major buildings seismic codes applied in the different Continents, namely U.S., Japan, New Zealand, Europe, Canada, Chile and Mexico. Bulletin 69 was prepared by Task Group 7.6 of fib Commission 7, under the leadership of the late Professor Robert (Bob) Park which, in tandem with Professor Paulay, had developed in the seventies new fundamental design concepts, most notably capacity design approach and structural design for ductility, that had made the NZ seismic Code the most advanced one of the time. This new approach has highly influenced the development of Eurocode 8, to which Bob Park has significantly contributed. Bob Park was also well informed of the situation in Japan, USA, Canada and South America. Such a wide view is reflected in Bulletin 69 showing similarities and differences among the major seismic codes, accompanied as far as possible by comments, hopefully useful for fostering international harmonization. A comprehensive summary of the major codes is provided in the first chapter of the bulletin. All codes are separately presented according to a common framework: an introduction section, which describes the history, the philosophy, the process development, the performance-based criteria, the strength of materials and the incorporation of strength reduction factors of each code; a second section devoted to the demand side, which specify the seismic design actions and associated criteria of each code for areas of different seismicity and for structures with different ductility properties/requirements; a third section devoted to the capacity side, which describes the capacities of members and joints and associated criteria of each code, including member strengths in flexure, shear and bars anchorage, desirable hierarchies of strength attainment, deformation capacities of mechanisms of inelastic deformation, detailing of beams, columns and structural walls, detailing of beam-column joints for shear and the detailing of diaphragms. The second chapter is devoted to the comparison of the more significant issues dealt in the considered codes. This includes: seismic design actions and associated criteria, capacity design practice, beams, columns, confinement, structural walls and joints. It is felt that fib Bulletin 69 represents a useful, unique instrument for rapidly gaining an overview of the distinguishing features of the major world codes, under both their conceptual framework and application rules.
Author: Hugo Rodrigues Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319619144 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 513
Book Description
This edited volume brings together findings and case studies on fundamental and applied aspects of structural engineering, applied to buildings, bridges and infrastructures in general. It focuses on the application of advanced experimental and numerical techniques and new technologies to the built environment. This volume is part of the proceedings of the 1st GeoMEast International Congress and Exhibition on Sustainable Civil Infrastructures, Egypt 2017.
Author: Federico Mazzolani Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780415235778 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 686
Book Description
An unexpected brittle failure of connections and of members occurred during the last earthquakes of Northridge and Kobe. For this reason a heightened awareness developed in the international scientific community, particularly in the earthquake prone countries of the Mediterranean and Eastern Europe, of the urgent need to investigate this topic. The contents of this volume result from a European project dealing with the 'Reliability of moment resistant connections of steel frames in seismic areas' (RECOS), developed between 1997 and 1999 within the INCO-Copernicus joint research projects of the 4th Framework Program. The 30 month project focused on five key areas: *Analysis and syntheses of research results, including code provisos, in relation with the evidence of the Northridge and Kobe earthquakes; *Identification and evaluation through experimental means of the structural performance of beam-to-column connections under cyclic loading; *Setting up of sophisticated models for interpreting the connection response; *Numerical study on the connection influence on the seismic response of steel buildings; *Assessment of new criteria for selecting the behaviour factor for different structural schemes and definition of the corresponding range of validity in relation of the connection typologies.
Author: Adeel Zafar
Author: Adeel Zafar
Author: Jose Antonio Flores Ruiz
Author: Shigeru Hakuto
Author: Shigeru Hakuto
Author: Rodrigo Manuel Jordan
Author: Jose Antonio Flores Ruiz
Author: fib Fédération internationale du béton
Author: Hugo Rodrigues
Author: Nicholas Brooke
Author: Federico Mazzolani