Respirometry in Control of the Activated Sludge Process PDF Download

Author: Henri Spanjers
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1900222043
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 202

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Ebook only (available soon) The report describes the principles of measurement of respiration rate, the transformation of measurement data into other types of information, and the application of the obtained information in process control strategies. Some fundamental concepts on biological respiration and process control are provided to assist the reader with understanding the principles. A structured overview comprises some eighty control strategies in which respirometry plays a role. To enable the reader to consult the information sources, an extensive literature list of over 500 references in included and classified into six themes. Contents Fundamentals of Respiration Measuring Principles Measured and Deduced Variables Elementary Control Concepts Respirometry in Control of the Activated Sludge Process Summary and Perspectives. Scientific and Technical Report No.7 Also Available Respirometry in Control of the Activated Sludge Process: Benchmarking Control Strategies

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781780402611
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: J. B. Copp
Publisher: IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc)
ISBN: 9781843390169
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 160

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Special Offer - Respirometry in Control of the Act

Author: Khanh Nguyen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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The respiration rate has generated much interest as a means of monitoring and controlling the activated sludge process because it is directly associated with both biomass growth and substrate removal. Respirometry has long been recognized as a valuable tool for controlling the activated sludge process, and as a result, many respirometry-based control strategies have been proposed in the literature. This study has developed a benchmark and methodology for conducting simulation studies to test the proposed control strategies within a complete and consistent set of process conditions. The benchmark consists of a complete set of influent conditions, a standard activated sludge plant configuration, models for the activated sludge process and the secondary clarification process, as well as values for the model parameters and initial values for the state variables. The benchmark provided the framework for the development of the simulation-based methodology. The methodology uses the benchmark, and includes a set of guidelines for implementing a control strategy in the benchmark plant and a set of tests for evaluating the performance and benefits of a proposed control system. The benchmark and methodology were then applied to test selected control strategies from the literature. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).

Author: Krist V. Gernaey
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1843391465
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 166

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Wastewater treatment plants are large non-linear systems subject to large perturbations in wastewater flow rate, load and composition. Nevertheless these plants have to be operated continuously, meeting stricter and stricter regulations. Many control strategies have been proposed in the literature for improved and more efficient operation of wastewater treatment plants. Unfortunately, their evaluation and comparison – either practical or based on simulation – is difficult. This is partly due to the variability of the influent, to the complexity of the biological and biochemical phenomena and to the large range of time constants (from a few minutes to several days). The lack of standard evaluation criteria is also a tremendous disadvantage. To really enhance the acceptance of innovative control strategies, such an evaluation needs to be based on a rigorous methodology including a simulation model, plant layout, controllers, sensors, performance criteria and test procedures, i.e. a complete benchmarking protocol. This book is a Scientific and Technical Report produced by the IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants. The goal of the Task Group includes developing models and simulation tools that encompass the most typical unit processes within a wastewater treatment system (primary treatment, activated sludge, sludge treatment, etc.), as well as tools that will enable the evaluation of long-term control strategies and monitoring tasks (i.e. automatic detection of sensor and process faults). Work on these extensions has been carried out by the Task Group during the past five years, and the main results are summarized in Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants. Besides a description of the final version of the already well-known Benchmark Simulation Model no. 1 (BSM1), the book includes the Benchmark Simulation Model no. 1 Long-Term (BSM1_LT) – with focus on benchmarking of process monitoring tasks – and the plant-wide Benchmark Simulation Model no. 2 (BSM2). Authors: Krist V. Gernaey, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark, Ulf Jeppsson, Lund University, Sweden, Peter A. Vanrolleghem, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada and John B. Copp, Primodal Inc., Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Spiros Agathos
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401709327
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 275

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At the dawn of the 21st century, biotechnology is emerging as a key enabling technology for sustainable environmental protection and stewardship. Biotechnology for the Environment: Wastewater Treatment and Modeling, Waste Gas Handling illustrates the current technological applications of microorganisms in wastewater treatment and in the control of waste gas emissions. In the first section of the book special emphasis is placed on the use of rigorous mathematical and conceptual models for an in-depth understanding of the complex biology and engineering aspects underlying the operation of modern wastewater treatment installations. The second part addresses waste gas biofiltration, an expanding biotechnological application of microbial metabolism for air quality assurance through processes ranging from the abatement of hazardous volatile pollutants to the elimination of nuisance odors. It will be a valuable reference source for environmental scientists, engineers and decision makers involved in the development, evaluation or implementation of biological treatment systems. For more information on Strategy and Fundamentals, see Focus on Biotechnology, Volume 3A, and for more information on Soil Remediation, see Focus on Biotechnology, Volume 3B.

Author: Frank R. Spellman
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466517859
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 466

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Book Description
A critical aspect of sustainability associated with water and wastewater systems is to maintain and manage infrastructure in the most efficient and economical manner while complying with environmental regulations and keeping rates at acceptable levels. Given the high cost of fuel, our growing population, and the associated increase in energy needs, it is important to address energy use and future energy availability for the treatment of the water we drink and the water we pollute. Water & Wastewater Infrastructure: Energy Efficiency and Sustainability addresses these issues, detailing the processes that can assist facilities to become more energy efficient and providing guidance to ensure their sustainability. The text begins with brief descriptions of the water and wastewater treatment industries. It then describes some of the basics of energy and discusses what planning for a sustainable energy future in water and wastewater treatment plants entails. The author explores energy-saving options and provides case studies to demonstrate how some facilities have used equipment, technology, and operating strategies to save money and reduce their impact. The energy-efficient technologies include combined heat and power (CHP), gas turbines, microturbines, reciprocating engines, steam turbines, and fuel cells. The author also addresses biomass power and biogas. The section on sustainability and renewable energy covers hydropower, solar power, and wind power as well as energy conservation measures for treating wastewater. Nine appendices provide individual case studies that present evaluations of energy conservation measures, results, payback analysis, and conclusions. This book addresses the challenges faced by water and wastewater treatment facilities by examining how they can operate in ways that provide economic and environmental benefits, save money, reduce environmental impact, and lead to sustainability.

Author: Gustaf Olsson
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1900222833
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264

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Instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) in wastewater treatment systems is now an established and recognised area of technology in the profession. There are obvious incentives for ICA, not the least from an economic point of view. Plants are also becoming increasingly complex which necessitates automation and control. Instrumentation, Control and Automation in Wastewater Systems summarizes the state-of-the-art of ICA and its application in wastewater treatment systems and focuses on how leading-edge technology is used for better operation. The book is written for: The practising process engineer and the operator, who wishes to get an updated picture of what is possible to implement in terms of ICA; The process designer, who needs to consider the couplings between design and operation; The researcher or the student, who wishes to get the latest technological overview of an increasingly complex field. There is a clear aim to present a practical ICA approach, based on a technical and economic platform. The economic benefit of different control and operation possibilities is quantified. The more qualitative benefits, such as better process understanding and more challenging work for the operator are also described. Several full-scale experiences of how ICA has improved economy, ease of operation and robustness of plant operation are presented. The book emphasizes both unit process control and plant wide operation. Scientific & Technical Report No. 15

Author: Valter Tandoi
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1900222841
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 216

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The Activated Sludge (AS) Process is old technology but is still widely adopted worldwide for its convenience and simplicity: an impressive number (many hundred of thousands) of this kind of system are in operation. Occasionally, problems such as bulking and foaming occur, causing regulation violations and large investment is often required immediately to control them. For this reason, an intense research effort has been made during the last few decades to face these problems, and this report details the work undertaken by the IWA Specialist Group on Activated Sludge Population Dynamics. This Scientific and Technical Report describes the main reasons fslyuor the growth of the different filamentous microorganisms in activated sludge, and the biological molecular tools available today for the identification of the main biomass components. The wide range of experiences around the world is documented and the methods to avoid the proliferation of these organisms are presented and critically reviewed. Activated Sludge Separation Problems consists of seven chapters, presenting up-to-date technical and scientific aspects of these processes. Scientific and Technical Report No. 16