Research in the Physiology of Yield and Management of Sorghum in Relation to Genetic Improvement PDF Download

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sorghum
Languages : en
Pages : 372

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Author: Ratikanta Maiti
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000286886
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 290

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This new volume, Advances in Sorghum Science: Botany, Production, and Crop Improvement, provides an easy-to-read and comprehensive treatment of the sorghum crop. With the world’s production of sorghum topping over 55 million tons annually, sorghum is very important for as a staple dietary food for much of the world as a rich source of micronutrients and macronutrients, as an ingredient in the processing of many foods, and as a source of fodder. The authors of the volume provide detailed information on sorghum from several disciplines and bring together recent literature under one umbrella. The book covers the various aspects of the sorghum crop, starting from its origin, to its domestication, and going on to biotechnology of the crop. It describes sorghum production, ideotypes, botany, physiology, abiotic and biotic factors affecting crop productivity, methods of cultivation, postharvest management, grain quality analysis for food processing, improvement of sorghum crop, and research advancements in breeding and biotechnology. This valuable resource will be helpful to researchers and scientists working to understand the relation between various disciplines and the implementation of new methods and technology for crop improvement and higher productivity. The multi-pronged approach will help to enable the increase sorghum productivity to meet the world’s growing demands.

Author: Paula Andrea Demarco
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Understanding physiological changes in response to long-term selection for yield can inform breeding decisions and hasten genetic gain. This dissertation is organized into four chapters: Chapter 1, Introduction, Chapter 2, presents yield gain achieved for US sorghum hybrids and their components (grain number and grain weight), Chapter 3 focuses on nutrient use efficiency, specifically on nitrogen (N) internal efficiency (NIE, yield to N uptake ratio), and Chapter 4, Conclusions. For Chapters 2 and 3, field trials were conducted during the 2018 and 2019 seasons in eight site-years across the states of Kansas and Texas (US) including 20 commercially available grain sorghum hybrids released by Pioneer between 1963 and 2017. Consistent with estimates using historical yield data, sorghum yield improvement was 27 kg ha−1 yr−1. Grain number increased at a rate of 100 grains m−2 yr−1, and modern hybrids had larger panicle size with greater accumulation of WSC during the vegetative period (until flowering). Additionally, greater remobilization of WSC during the reproductive period (after flowering) to grain was captured, thus, maintaining grain size on the increased grain number per unit area and harvest index (Chapter 2). The N internal efficiency (NIE, yield to N uptake ratio) increased at the expense of a reduction in grain N concentration and, in minor proportion, due to an increase in the N harvest index (NHI) at maturity for newer relative to older hybrids. Newer genotypes evidenced greater N remobilization from the stover to the grains during the reproductive period (Chapter 3). This study demonstrates the physiological foundations for yield enhancement and the N and C utilization behind yield genetic gain for sorghum hybrids. Future yield gains in sorghum can be pursued by enhancing N uptake to sustain further genetic progress.

Author: Victor Sadras
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080922295
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 605

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Never before has a holistic approach to sustainable agriculture and plant physiology been presented in one source. This book compiles a multi-authored and international perspective on the ways in which crop physiology could be integrated with other disciplines. With a focus on genetic improvement and agronomy, this book addresses the challenges of environmentally sound production of bulk and quality food, fodder, fiber and energy, which are of ongoing international concern. - Provides a view of crop physiology as an active source of methods, theories, ideas and tools for application in genetic improvement and agronomy - Written by leading scientists from around the world with publication records of demonstrable influence and impact - Combines environment-specific cropping systems and general principles of crop science to appeal to advanced students and scientists in agriculture-related disciplines, from molecular sciences to natural resources management

Author: Victor Sadras
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128191953
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 780

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Crop Physiology: Case Histories of Major Crops updates the physiology of broad-acre crops with a focus on the genetic, environmental and management drivers of development, capture and efficiency in the use of radiation, water and nutrients, the formation of yield and aspects of quality. These physiological process are presented in a double context of challenges and solutions. The challenges to increase plant-based food, fodder, fiber and energy against the backdrop of population increase, climate change, dietary choices and declining public funding for research and development in agriculture are unprecedented and urgent. The proximal technological solutions to these challenges are genetic improvement and agronomy. Hence, the premise of the book is that crop physiology is most valuable when it engages meaningfully with breeding and agronomy. With contributions from 92 leading scientists from around the world, each chapter deals with a crop: maize, rice, wheat, barley, sorghum and oat; quinoa; soybean, field pea, chickpea, peanut, common bean, lentil, lupin and faba bean; sunflower and canola; potato, cassava, sugar beet and sugarcane; and cotton. A crop-based approach to crop physiology in a G x E x M context Captures the perspectives of global experts on 22 crops

Author: M. Ashraf
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 140209065X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 241

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Salinity and water stress limit crop productivity worldwide and generate substantial economic losses each year, yet innovative research on crop and natural resource management can reveal cost-effective ways in which farmers can increase both their productivity and their income. Presenting recent research findings on salt stress, water stress and stress-adapted plants, this book offers insights into new strategies for increasing the efficiency of crops under stressful environments. The strategies are based on conventional breeding and advanced molecular techniques used by plant physiologists, and are discussed using specific case studies to illustrate their potential. The book emphasizes the effects of environmental factors on specific stages of plant development, and discusses the role of plant growth regulators, nutrients, osmoprotectants and antioxidants in counteracting their adverse affects. Synthesising updated information on mechansisms of stress tolerance at cell, tissue and whole-plant level, this book provides a useful reference text for post graduate students and researchers involved in the fields of stress physiology and plant physiology in general, with additional readership amongst researchers in horticulture, agronomy, crop science, conservation, environmental management and ecological restoration.

Author: Yared Assefa
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128003952
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 125

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Book Description
Corn and grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor subsp. bicolor L) are among the top cereal crops world wide, and both are key for global food security. Similarities between the two crops, particularly their adaptation for warm-season grain production, pose an opportunity for comparisons to inform appropriate cropping decisions. This book provides a comprehensive review of the similarities and differences between corn and grain sorghum. It compares corn and sorghum crops in areas such as morphology, physiology, phenology, yield, resource use and efficiency, and impact of both crops in different cropping systems. Producers, researchers and extension agents in search of reliable scientific information will find this in-depth comparison of crops with potential fit in dryland and irrigations cropping systems particularly valuable. - Presents a wide range of points of comparison - Offers important insights for crop decision making

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sorghum
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: International Rice Research Institute
Publisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
ISBN: 9711040344
Category : Climatic changes
Languages : en
Pages : 569

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Author: International Rice Research Institute
Publisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
ISBN: 9711041480
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 956

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Book Description
Regional Perspective. Rice production in Africa: an overview. Rice in eastern and southern Africa: the role of international testing . Varietal improvement research in rice for Africa. Potential rice varieties for East Africa. High yielding varieties technology project for rice in tropical Africa. Insect pests and diseases of rice in Africa. National Rice Research And Production. Rice production in Kenya. Key research areas on irrigated rice in Kenya. Rice in Tanzania. The status of rice production, consumpuon, and research in Zimbabwe. , Rice research in Zimbabwe. The Zina year rice project in Madagascar. Rice in Malawi. Country report for Zambia with emphasis on activities and constraints to rice production. A review of rice research in Zambia past, present, and future prased. Recommendations. Monitoring tour in Zambia and Tanzania.