Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chlorofluorocarbons
Languages : en
Pages : 24
Book Description
Replacing Chlorofluorocarbon Refrigerants
Author: Protecting the Ozone Layer: Refrigerants
Author: Replacing Chlorofluorocarbon Refrigerants (Classic Reprint)
Author: Usda Forest ServicePublisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9780366838325
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 22
Book Description
Excerpt from Replacing Chlorofluorocarbon Refrigerants The Environmental Protection Agency (epa) administers refrigerant regulations. The following rules of thumb sum marize epa regulations, but do not replace them. Appendix D lists sources of additional information. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming
Author: National Academy of EngineeringPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309043867
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 945
Book Description
Global warming continues to gain importance on the international agenda and calls for action are heightening. Yet, there is still controversy over what must be done and what is needed to proceed. Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming describes the information necessary to make decisions about global warming resulting from atmospheric releases of radiatively active trace gases. The conclusions and recommendations include some unexpected results. The distinguished authoring committee provides specific advice for U.S. policy and addresses the need for an international response to potential greenhouse warming. It offers a realistic view of gaps in the scientific understanding of greenhouse warming and how much effort and expense might be required to produce definitive answers. The book presents methods for assessing options to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, offset emissions, and assist humans and unmanaged systems of plants and animals to adjust to the consequences of global warming.
A Model Action Pla to Reduce the Use and Release of CFCs in Air- Conditioning and Refrigeration Systems
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 90
Book Description
This study investigated methods to reduce the use and release of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) refrigerants and evaluated alternatives to CFCS in air- conditioning and refrigeration systems. A life cycle cost (LCC) analysis formed the basis for evaluation. A literature review examined applicable CFC directives, containment methods, replacement refrigerants, and alternative processes. The results of the LCC analysis showed that maintaining the existing CFC system was always the least costly alternative. When forced to replace a CFC reciprocating package unit, the best replacement was a non-CFC reciprocating unit. The most practical replacement for reciprocating chillers was a new reciprocating chiller for systems less than 150 tons, and screw chillers for systems 150 tons or larger. Retrofitting a centrifugal chiller was cost- effective if the system had been in service no more than 11 years for a 200-ton unit, 17 years for a 400-ton unit, and 18 years for a 1000-ton unit. otherwise, 200-ton units should be replaced with screw chillers and 400 and 1000-ton units with centrifugal chillers ... Air conditioning equipment, Refrigeration systems, Refrigerants ozone layer, Environmental management, Chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs).
Heat Transfer in Condensation and Boiling
Author: Karl StephanPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642524575
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 342
Book Description
I welcome the opportunity to have my book translated, because of the great emphasis on two-phase flow and heat transfer in the English-speaking world, as related to research, university education, and industrial practice. The 1988 Springer-Verlag edition of "Warmeiibergang beim Kondensieren und beim Sieden" has been enlarged to include additional material on falling film evaporation (Chapter 12) and pressure drop in two-phase flow (Chapter 13). Minor errors in the original text have also been corrected. I would like to express my sincere appreciation to Professor Green, Asso ciate Professor of German at Rensselaer, for his excellent translation and co operation. My thanks go also to Professor Bergles for his close attention to technical and linguistic details. He carefully read the typescript and made many comments and suggestions that helped to improve the manuscript. I hope that the English edition will meet with' a favorable reception and contribute to better understanding and to progress in the field of heat transfer in condensation and boiling. February 1992 K. Stephan Preface to the German-Language Edition This book is a continuation of the series "Heat and Mass Transfer" edited by U. Grigull, in which three volumes have already been published. Its aim is to acquaint students and practicing engineers with heat transfer during condensa tion and boiling, and is intended primarily for students and engineers in mechanical, chemical, electrical, and industrial processing engineering.
A Guide to CFC Reclamation and Retrofits
Author: David C. ParksPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chlorofluorocarbons
Languages : en
Pages : 30
Book Description
Use of Chlorofluorocarbon-Based Refrigerants in U.S. Army Facility Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Systems: Recommendations for the Interim Period 1994-2000
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26
Book Description
Production of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) has been scheduled for phaseout because of the contribution of these chemicals to the depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer. CFC production is scheduled for phaseout by I January 1996; HCFC production will halt by the year 2020. The next generation of refrigerants is expected to be tested and widely available by the turn of the century. As a large-scale end user of CFC-based refrigerants, the U.S. Army is faced with a significant challenge by the phaseout of these chemicals. This report makes recommendations for refrigerant use in U.S. Army facility air-conditioning and refrigeration applications for the interim period from the present to the year 2000. Only equipment using CFC refrigerants is addressed since the lifetime of equipment using HCFCs will expire before HCFC refrigerants are phased out. Available options to run as-is, convert, or replace CFC-based machines should be examined in cooperation with reputable contractors representing the original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Only refrigerants approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) should be considered for use in retrofitted or replaced equipment. As a part of the equipment evaluation, opportunities to improve system efficiency and reliability should also be sought. (jg).
Moving to Alternative Refrigerants
Author: Strategies for Managing Ozone-depleting Refrigerants
Author: Katharine B. MillerPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 150
Book Description
The book includes worksheets and example forms that will be immediately useful in refrigerant management activities. It also includes answers to the most frequently asked questions on how refrigerant-CFC users can meet the requirements of the current regulations - and stay in business.