Relationship of Dietary Crude Protein to Factors in Uterine Secretions and Plasma in High Producing Postpartum Dairy Cows PDF Download

Author: Ellen Rae Jordan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Proteins in animal nutrition
Languages : en
Pages : 190

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Author: W. Haresign
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 148310026X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 200

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Book Description
Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition-1981 is a collection of papers that discusses the effects of dietary fat on milk composition, relating it to the biochemistry of fat synthesis in the mammary gland. The influence of concentrates on milk composition as well as the pattern and level of concentrate feeding on milk output are also covered. The book describes the need for better utilization of grass and grass products in dairy production, the mineral and trace element requirements of pigs; the importance of anion-cation balance in poultry diets and its effects on performance levels; and the selenium and cobalt requirements of ruminants. The problems of medicinal residues in animal products and the toxicological effects of aflatoxin residues in animal products are also considered. People involved in agriculture, dairy production and animal nutrition will find the book useful.

Author: William Everett Brown
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Production performance of livestock is dependent upon adequate feed intake to meet metabolic demands, yet variations in health, metabolism, feed quality and feed digestibility can greatly influence an animal's ability to consume and digest feedstuffs in order to reach their full potential. Using a large dataset in the first study, we analyzed plasma alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), an acute-phase protein, in 434 transition dairy cows to determine its association with dry matter intake (DMI), common blood inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers, and transition cow health disorders with an overarching goal of evaluating AGP as a diagnostic tool. The plasma AGP concentration increased after parturition to a peak at 14 d postpartum. There was a strong negative association between AGP and DMI, metritis, retained placenta, hyperketonemia and haptoglobin in the postpartum period, but overall diagnostic ability of AGP was marginal based on receiver operating characteristic analysis. Nonetheless, the ease of quantifying plasma AGP and the lack of association with metabolic biomarkers suggest it may be a useful tool to evaluate transition status in dairy cows. In the second study, a novel high-protein corn product (HPCP) was fed to high-producing, mid-lactation dairy cows and compared with canola and soybean meals, and all diets were balanced for lysine and methionine requirements. The HPCP decreased milk and milk component yields through reduced total tract apparent dry matter and crude protein digestibility, potentially due to Maillard product formation. However, confirming previous research, the canola meal performed similarly to soybean meal when lysine and methionine requirements were met. Finally, forage quality is of utmost importance in ruminant diets, and harvesting practices influence the quality of the forage delivered to the animals. In the third study, an innovative round hay baler equipped with knives that cut the hay as it enters the baling chamber was employed, reducing the particle size and potentially facilitating easier incorporation of hay into total mixed rations. In this study, pre-cutting alfalfa hay bales increased bale weight and density, but also slightly, but significantly, increased neutral- and acid-detergent fiber and lignin. When processing the pre-cut bales in a mixer wagon, time to reduce particle size was greater compared with tub-grinding normal bales, but less shrink occurred. The determining factor for impacts of pre-cutting hay bales is evaluation of the chemical composition of the processed hay which could be fed to livestock, and data analysis is currently underway. The fourth project seeks to understand factors impacting silage hygiene that potentially have health implications for ruminants. Soil contains numerous micro-organisms, including Clostridia spp., which is implicated in enteric diseases in ruminants. The study evaluates whether drive-over silage piles stored on soil introduce soil from equipment during the packing process, which may inadvertently introduce pathogens. Of primary interest, P increased for outer layers on soil pads, and Fe was greater at lower vs. medium elevations, both of which could be indicative of soil contamination. Overall, outer layers of silage had reduced nutritive quality, increased ash and mineral content, and decreased digestibility. Evidence for an effect of pad type on microbiological aspects was marginal or limited by low detectability. Overall, the work in this dissertation demonstrates the association of inflammatory biomarkers on dry matter intake, and the importance of digestibility and high-quality harvest methods on feed quality and digestibility for optimum animal performance.

Author: Ellen Rae Jordan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Proteins in animal nutrition
Languages : en
Pages : 90

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Author: H. H. Van Horn
Publisher: American Dairy Science Association
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 848

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Book Description

Author: Robert S. Youngquist
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 1437713408
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1088

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Book Description
An essential resource for both students and practitioners, this comprehensive text provides practical, up-to-date information about normal reproduction and reproductive disorders in horses, cattle, small ruminants, swine, llamas, and other livestock. Featuring contributions from experts in the field, each section is devoted to a different large animal species and begins with a review of the clinically relevant aspects of the reproductive anatomy and physiology of both males and females. Key topics include the evaluation of breeding soundness, pregnancy diagnosis, diagnosis and treatment of infertility, abortion, obstetrics, surgery of the reproductive tract, care of neonates, and the latest reproductive technology. Includes coverage of all large animal species. All sections provide a review of clinically pertinent reproductive physiology and anatomy of males and females of each species. Complete coverage of the most current reproductive technology, including embryo transfer, estrous synchronization, and artificial insemination. A new section on alternative farming that addresses reproduction in bison, elk, and deer. New to the equine section: stallion management, infertility, and breeding soundness evaluation. New to the bovine section: estrous cycle synchronization, reproductive biotechnology, ultrasonographic determination of fetal gender, heifer development, and diagnosis of abortion. New to the porcine section: artificial insemination, boar/stud management, diseases of postpartum period, and infectious disease control. New to the llama section: infectious disease and nutrition.

Author: Chantal Farmer
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9086868037
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 452

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Book Description
The last book on the lactating sow was published over 15 years ago. This new book brings us up to date in current knowledge on the gestating and lactating sow. It covers new and important topics such as conditioning of gilts for optimal reproductive performance, feeding high fibre diets to gestating sows and providing various fat sources in gestation and lactation. It also describes the several key success factors to group-housing systems in gestation, which is a must due to the current move towards group-housing. The new concept of transition feeding for sows is discussed, as well as the factors involved in mammary development of gilts and sows, both of which are instrumental for maximum colostrum and/or milk yields. The impact of the human-animal interactions on sow welfare and performance is discussed with focus on new handling practices that could be developed to overbalance the negative interactions inherent to pig management systems. Updates on must-have topics, such as amino acid and energy requirements of sows, colostrum and milk yield and composition, and sow health are also provided. The subjects covered in this book will assist animal scientists, nutritionists, veterinarians and swine producers in learning the most recent information on relevant and current topics affecting sow production, and in knowing which areas are in need of further research efforts.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertation abstracts
Languages : en
Pages : 552

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1844

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Book Description

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies
ISBN: 0309049970
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 94

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Book Description
In the past decade, animal scientists have learned that administering recombinantly derived somatotropin (growth hormone) to cows improves milk production and that giving beta-adrenergic agonists to meat animals improves productivity and leanness. In order for these metabolic modifiers to yield benefits, however, sound management of the animals' nutrition is necessary. This volume reports on how these substances work in the animals' metabolism, what effects they might have on nutrient requirements of domestic livestock, and what information should be developed further by investigators. The book explores the current understanding of the biology, structure, mechanisms of action, and treatment effects of somatotropin, beta-adrenergic agonists, and anabolic steroids. A companion volume to the Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals series, this authoritative volume will be required reading for animal scientists, researchers, veterinarians, livestock farmers, and faculty and students in university animal veterinary science programs.