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Author: Bela A. Balassa Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Exports Languages : en Pages : 25
Book Description
The exploitation of the Soviet Union's foreign trade potential would necessiate adopting a realistic exchange rate and increasing the foreign exchange retention quotas for direct and indirect exporters. It would also require reforms of domestic policies.
Author: Bela A. Balassa Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Exports Languages : en Pages : 25
Book Description
The exploitation of the Soviet Union's foreign trade potential would necessiate adopting a realistic exchange rate and increasing the foreign exchange retention quotas for direct and indirect exporters. It would also require reforms of domestic policies.
Author: International Monetary Fund Publisher: Washington, D.C. : World Bank ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 66
Book Description
The transformation of the Soviet economy is bound to be extraordinarily complex and will take many years to complete. Three closely related areas require action at the outset of the process: macroeconomic stabilization, including fiscal, monetary, trade and payments, and incomes policies; price reform in an environment of increased domestic and external competition; and ownership reform, involving the rapid privatization of retail trade and small enterprises, along with the commercialization of large, state-owned enterprises. Many measures are needed to support policy actions in these three areas. A social safety net will be needed to protect the most vulnerable from the short-term adverse consequences of the reform process. Other measures include completion of the legal framework for a market economy, the creation of a market system for banking and finance, the demonopolization and restructuring of many enterprises, the reconstruction of the transport and communications infrastructure, the development of a system of labor relations, the process of privatization of state enterprises and collective farms, and the addressing of serious environmental problems. These and other issues, and the close relationships between them, are discussed in this study.
Author: Timothy Besley Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Commodity-backed bonds Languages : en Pages : 41
Book Description
Initially commodity -contingent debt contracts appear to work best when a group of creditors have control over the total amount lent, rather than when a single lender acts in isolation. Should a multinational institution take the lead in developing a market for them?
Author: Mary M. Shirley Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Empresas publicas - Pakistan Languages : en Pages : 118
Book Description
Even managers critical of Pakistan's new performance evaluation system consider its targeting and bonus system a powerful incentive to improve efficiency.
Author: Patrick Honohan Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Flow of funds Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
The business sector in developing countries relies on external funding for about half of its investment. If the availability of investable funds is to be freed from its dependence on the vagaries of the international capital markets, developing country financial systems will have to attract more household savings with new types of instruments and adequate returns.
Author: Jock R. Anderson Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Commodity exchanges Languages : en Pages : 61
Book Description
A measure of the probability of commodity price forecasts is not necessary for most project analysis, but it does give users a realistic view of the forecast's precision -- and imposes a useful discipline on the forecaster.
Author: Bela A. Balassa
Author: Bela A. Balassa
Author: International Monetary Fund
Author: Stephen J. Macekura
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Timothy Besley
Author: Mary M. Shirley
Author: Alice Galenson
Author: Patrick Honohan
Author: Jock R. Anderson