Quantum Frequency Down-conversion of Single Photons in Nonlinear Optical Waveguides PDF Download

Author: Sebastian Zaske
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 173

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Author: Andreas Christ
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN: 0128058102
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 81

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Book Description
In this chapter we review the process of parametric down-conversion (PDC) and discuss the different methods to use PDC as a heralded single-photon source. PDC is a non-linear optical process, where an incoming pump photon decays, under energy and momentum conservation, into a photon-pair. The creation of photons in pairs allows for the implementation of a single-photon source by detecting one photon (trigger) to herald the presence of its partner (signal). The engineering possibilities of PDC enable the generation of single-photons with high rates in a wide range of frequencies. This chapter is structured as follows: Section 11.2 describes the principles of PDC in non-linear media. We derive the quantum state of the generated photon-pairs, investigate the spectral purity and photon-number purity of the heralded signal photon and discuss the achievable single-photon generation rates. In section 11.3 we turn towards experimental realizations and introduce bulk crystal PDC. Section 11.4 elaborates on the use of periodic poling to engineer the PDC process. Finally, section 11.5 gives an overview over PDC in waveguides. A comparison of experimental data from various heralded singe-photon sources based on PDC is presented in section 11.6 with an overview of nonlinear materials suited for PDC given in section 11.7.

Author: Keyu Xia
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 183880353X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 112

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Book Description
This short book aims to present basic information about single photons in a quick read but with not many details. For this purpose, it only introduces the basic concept of single photons, the most important method of generating single photons in experiments, and a specific emerging field.

Author: Jason Scott Pelc
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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The ability to manipulate the carrier frequency of quantum states of light, through a process called quantum frequency conversion (QFC), has numerous applications for both technology and basic science. For example, one can upconvert a single-photon-level signal in the 1.5-micron telecommunications band (where single-photon detection has been challenging) to a visible wavelength to take advantage of well-developed single-photon detectors based on silicon avalanche photodiodes. On the more fundamental side, the manipulation of a single photon's frequency may enable the construction of networks of dissimilar quantum systems, whereby one can imagine generating many-body entangled quantum states over vast distances. Quantum frequency conversion will only be useful if it can be done both efficiently and with little added noise. We demonstrated a conversion efficiency exceeding 99.99% using reverse-proton-exchange waveguides in periodically poled lithium niobate with approximately 150 mW of pump power. Noise has been a more serious issue: the generation of noise photons, due to inelastic scattering of light from the strong pump laser used to drive the frequency conversion, has limited the utility of QFC devices in many applications. We present an analysis of the two primary noise processes in QFC devices (spontaneous Raman scattering and spontaneous parametric fluorescence), and offer solutions on how they may be either mitigated or avoided completely. We then discuss applications of QFC devices for up- and downconversion of single-photon signals. We used a long-wavelength pump to enable high-efficiency and low-noise single-photon detection for 1550-nm telecom band signals, and demonstrated a cascaded frequency conversion approach that enabled low timing jitter as well. We also demonstrated a downconversion quantum interface, in which the emission from a single semiconductor quantum dot at a wavelength of 910 nm was downconverted to 1560 nm while maintaining the single-photon character of the light. The results presented in this dissertation indicate a promising future for QFC devices as the field of quantum communications matures.

Author: Stephan Krapick
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 229

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Integrated quantum optics is a young field of research, and its impact on real-world quantum applications is growing rapidly. Efficient, compact, scalable and long-term-stable sources for quantum-optical states play an important role within that framework. The functionality of the sources is intended to guarantee the quality and quantity of the generated states, while high integration densities are desired. Mature technologies and the development of novel measurement methods and apparatus build the basis.In this dissertation we describe the fabrication and thorough characterization of a nonlinear optical photon source. Its compact design, based on titanium-diffused, periodically poled waveguide structures in lithium niobate allows for the energy-efficient and long-term-stable operation. Several passive and active optical components on a single chip provide us with the generation of photon pairs with high brightness, and we are able to herald single photons with high efficiencies. We show that the functionalities of our photon-pair source suffices the prerequisites of applicable passive-decoy-state quantum cryptography, by which the photon-number-splitting attack of an eavesdropper can be detected and averted.The main focus lies on cascaded nonlinear frequency conversion processes in periodically poled waveguide structures on the very same device. We show that cascaded sum-frequency generation from the telecom wavelength range to the visible is possible, and that we realized a tunable green laser source in this way. Using cascaded parametric down-conversion we generate almost noise-less three-photon quantum states on a single chip for the first time. ; eng

Author: Zhi-Yuan Zhou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Nonclassical photon sources are key components in quantum information science and technology. Here, the basic principles and progresses for single photon generation and their further manipulation based on second- or third-order nonlinear processes in various degrees of freedom are briefly reviewed and discussed. Based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion and spontaneous four-wave mixing, various nonlinear materials such as quasi-phase-matching crystals, dispersion-shifted fibers, and silicon-on-insulator waveguides are used for single photon generation. The kinds of entanglement generated include polarization, time-energy, time-bin, and orbital angular momentum. The key ingredient for photon pair generation in nonlinear processes is described and discussed. Besides, we also introduce quantum frequency conversion for converting a single photon from one wavelength to another wavelength, while keeping its quantum properties unchanged. Finally, we give a comprehensive conclusion and discussion about future perspectives for single photon generation and manipulation in nonlinear processes. This chapter will provide an overview about the status, current challenge, and future perspectives about single photon generation and processing in nonlinear processes.

Author: Yuanhua Li
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Single-photon frequency conversion for quantum interface plays an important role in quantum communications and networks, which is crucial for the realization of quantum memory, faithful entanglement swapping and quantum teleportation. In this chapter, we will present our recent experiments about single-photon frequency conversion based on quadratic nonlinear processes. Firstly, we demonstrated spectrum compression of broadband single photons at the telecom wavelength to the near-visible window, marking a critical step towards coherent photonic interface. Secondly, we demonstrated the nonlinear interaction between two chirped broadband single-photon-level coherent states, which may be utilized to achieve heralding entanglement at a distance. Finally, we theoretically introduced and experimentally demonstrated single-photon frequency conversion in the telecom band, enabling switching of single photons between dense wavelength-division multiplexing channels. Moreover, quantum entanglement between the photon pair is maintained after the frequency conversion. Our researches have realized three significant quantum interfaces via single-photon frequency conversion, which hold great promise for the development of quantum communications and networks.

Author: Usman Younis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical detectors
Languages : en
Pages : 156

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Author: Benjamin Brecht
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Ultrafast quantum optics is a young research field. Its focus lies at the study of quantum phenomena at extreme timescales of a few hundreds of femtoseconds. In this thesis, we investigate the intricate time-frequency (TF) structure of ultrafast quantumstates of light. This structure is of particular interest, because it is the natural basis of energytime entanglement, a resource for high-dimensional quantum information applications. We study the process of parametric down-conversion (PDC) and introduce a novel measurefor energy-time entanglement which is applicable to many current PDC sources. Moreover, we experimentally investigate the correlation time of the photon pair, a measure of the simultaneityof the photons, and find that is independent of the spectral-temporal properties of the PDC pump. The main work is dedicated to two novel devices for high-dimensional TF quantum networks, the quantum pulse gate and quantum pulse shaper. Both are based on dispersion engineered frequency conversion in nonlinear waveguides and facilitate a mode-selective operation on TF modes of ultrafast quantum states. We develop a theoretical framework, similar to the existing PDC description, to describe the TF structure of our devices and identify ideal operation parameters. These are used to realise aquantum pulse gate in the laboratory and verify its mode-selective operation. ; eng

Author: Costantino De Angelis
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351269747
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 256

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Book Description
This book addresses fabrication as well as characterization and modeling of semiconductor nanostructures in the optical regime, with a focus on nonlinear effects. The visible range as well as near and far infrared spectral region will be considered with a view to different envisaged applications. The book covers the current key challenges of the research in the area, including: exploiting new material platforms, fully extending the device operation into the nonlinear regime, adding re-configurability to the envisaged devices and proposing new modeling tools to help in conceiving new functionalities. • Explores several topics in the field of semiconductor nonlinear nanophotonics, including fabrication, characterization and modeling of semiconductor nanostructures in the optical regime, with a focus on nonlinear effects • Describes the research challenges in the field of optical metasurfaces in the nonlinear regime • Reviews the use and achievements of all-dielectric nanoantennas for strengthening the nonlinear optical response • Describes both theoretical and experimental aspects of photonic devices based on semiconductor optical nanoantennas and metasurfaces • Gathers contributions from several leading groups in this research field to provide a thorough and complete overview of the current state of the art in the field of semiconductor nonlinear nanophotonics Costantino De Angelis has been full professor of electromagnetic fields at the University of Brescia since 1998. He is an OSA Fellow and has been responsible for several university research contracts in the last 20 years within Europe, the United States, and Italy. His technical interests are in optical antennas and nanophotonics. He is the author of over 150 peer-reviewed scientific journal articles. Giuseppe Leo has been a full professor in physics at Paris Diderot University since 2004, and in charge of the nonlinear devices group of MPQ Laboratory since 2006. His research areas include nonlinear optics, micro- and nano-photonics, and optoelectronics, with a focus on AlGaAs platform. He has coordinated several research programs and coauthored 100 peer-reviewed journal articles, 200 conference papers, 10 book chapters and also has four patents. Dragomir Neshev is a professor in physics and the leader of the experimental photonics group in the Nonlinear Physics Centre at Australian National University (ANU). His activities span over several branches of optics, including nonlinear periodic structures, singular optics, plasmonics, and photonic metamaterials. He has coauthored 200 publications in international peer-reviewed scientific journals.