Author: Amelia Carolina SparavignaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Newspapers and websites are reporting with strong emphasys the successes of quantum computing, obtained by the new quantum machines. It is therefore natural to ask ourselves some questions about these machines, in particular how do they operate, where are they physically and what is needed for their running. Actually, we must ask ourselves such questions because the news headlines - sometime bombastic - could lead us to understand quantum machines as actually existing supercomputers, able of solving in a few seconds some calculation problems that classical computers would take millennia to process. To answer questions, this work is proposing a review of existing Quantum Computers. In the panorama of Quantum Computing, we intend to investigate how the future of their infrastructures will be, such as the related basic algorithms. We will try to understand what their logistics will be, where logistics is understood as a new quantum "art of computing". Specific attention will be paid to the quantum advantage, the medium-term strategy related to design algorithms for the next generations of quantum computers. Such algorithms are required by a wide range of strategic applications. Currently, they are mainly simulation algorithms of quantum physics and chemistry, but also algorithms related to quadratic unconstrained binary optimization exist. Here we will illustrate in particular two methods: one based on abiabatic quantum computation, which is obtained through quantum annealing (D-Wave systems), the other based on arrays of quantum gates (IBM, Google and others). We will see, in greater detail, the simulations concerning the Variational Quantum Eigensolver method. Some notions related to qubits, quantum gates and their Hamiltonians will be proposed too. Besides talking of qubits, we will also report about qumodes. In fact, the art of quantum computing has two faces, one based on qubits, the other based on qumodes. Xanadu's Borealis quantum computer is an example of qumode computer. It is capable of developing a hybrid system, with GKP-type qubit emulation along with squeezed light. SpinQ's first three qubits desktop will also be mentioned. A hint of quantum communication will also be provided.