Quantitative Comparison of Benthic Habitat Maps Derived From Multibeam Echosounder Backscatter Data PDF Download

Author: Alexandre Carmelo Gregory Schimel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Echo sounding
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Chris McGonigle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Backscatter imagery from multibeam echosounders (MBES) is increasingly used for benthic habitat mapping. This research explores MBES backscatter classification using QTC-Multiview on data from Stanton Banks (UK) and Cashes Ledge (USA). Image-processing algorithms are used to extract values from samples of backscatter data, which are reduced by principal components analysis and are objectively clustered. This process is initially evaluated using 2005 data from Stanton Banks and compared with ground-truth data to determine their biological validity. Low-levels of agreement are observed between acoustic class and ground- truth data "35%); video is determined to be the most spatially appropriate method for comparison. Subsequently, the area was resurveyed in 2006 using the same MBES with different operational parameters, acquiring low- and high-density data coverage. Percentage agreement between classifications was 78%, determined to be due to operational parameters as opposed to environmental change. Agreement with ground truth data improved from 71 % to 77% with increased data density. In 2008, a 2 km2 area was resurveyed at two different orientations and vessel speeds within the same 24 hr period. Classification revealed 53% similarity at 4 rns-1 and 49% at 2 rns-1 from opposing orientations. The same orientations surveyed at different speeds were between 68% (k=0.583) and 53% (k=0.384) similar. These results suggest that both orientation and speed are significant considerations in image-based classification. Finally, the significance of water-column biomass in backscatter classification was examined at Cashes Ledge using MBES data from kelp beds. Two approaches were examined for detecting the presence of macrophytes; image-based and manual picking. Comparison with video data revealed comparable success, with both methods most successful at predicting Laminaria sp. (77.3%-82.6% correct) in shallow water "30m). This research demonstrates the significance of MBES backscatter and image-based classification as potential tools for the emergent discipline of benthic habitat mapping.

Author: Peter Harris
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0123851408
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 947

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Annotation This book provides a synthesis of seabed geomorphology and benthic habitats based on the most recent, up-to-date information. Case studies from around the world are presented.

Author: Paul Mather
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780203303566
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 358

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Remote sensing is an integral part of geography, GIS and cartography, used by academics in the field and professionals in all sorts of occupations. The 1990s saw the development of a range of new methods of classifying remote sensing images and data, both optical imaging and microwave imaging. This comprehensive survey of the various techniques pul

Author: Iain Michael Parnum
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 213

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The shape parameter was shown to relate to the ratio of the insonification area (which can be interpreted as an elementary scattering cell) to the footprint size rather than to the angular dependence of backscatter strength. When this ratio is less than 5, the gamma shape parameter is very similar for different habitats and is nearly linearly proportional to the ratio. Above a ratio of 5, the gamma shape parameter is not significantly dependent on the ratio and there is a noticeable difference in this parameter between different seafloor types. A new approach to producing images of backscatter properties, introduced and referred to as the angle cube method, was developed. The angle cube method uses spatial interpolation to construct a three-dimensional array of backscatter data that is a function of X-Y coordinates and the incidence angle. This allows the spatial visualisation of backscatter properties to be free from artefacts of the angular dependence and provides satisfactory estimates of the backscatter characteristics. Using the angle-average backscatter strength and slope of the angular dependence, derived by the angle cube method, in addition to seafloor terrain parameters, habitat probability and classification maps were produced to show distributions of sand, marine vegetation (e.g. seagrass and rhodolith) and hard substrate (e.g. coral and bedrock) for five different survey areas. Ultimately, this study demonstrated that the combination of high-resolution bathymetry and backscatter strength data, as collected by MBS, is an efficient and cost-effective tool for benthic habitat mapping in costal zones.

Author: Xavier Lurton
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540429678
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 386

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Presented in a clear and concise way as an introductory text and practical handbook, the book provides the basic physical phenomena governing underwater acoustical waves, propagation, reflection, target backscattering and noise. It covers the general features of sonar systems, transducers and arrays, signal processing and performance evaluation. It provides an overview of today's applications, presenting the working principles of the various systems. From the reviews: "Presented in a clear and concise way as an introductory text and practical handbook, the book provides the basic physical phenomena governing underwater acoustical waves, propagation, reflection, target backscattering and noise. ⦠It provides an overview of todayâs applications, presenting the working principles of the various systems." (Oceanis, Vol. 27 (3-4), 2003) "This book is a general survey of Underwater Acoustics, intended to make the subject âas easily accessible as possible, with a clear emphasis on applications.â In this the author has succeeded, with a wide variety of subjects presented with minimal derivation ⦠. There is an emphasis on technology and on intuitive physical explanation ⦠." (Darrell R. Jackson, Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, Vol. 115 (2), February, 2004) "This is an exciting new scientific publication. It is timely and welcome ⦠. Furthermore, it is up to date and readable. It is well researched, excellently published and ranks with earlier books in this discipline ⦠. Many persons in the marine science field including acousticians, hydrographers, oceanographers, fisheries scientists, engineers, educators, students ⦠and equipment manufacturers will benefit greatly by reading all or part of this text. The author is to be congratulated on his fine contribution ⦠." (Stephen B. MacPhee, International Hydrographic Review, Vol. 4 (2), 2003)

Author: John P. Wilson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471321880
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 522

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Dieses Buch untersucht, welchen Einfluß Landschaftsformen, insbesondere Höhenunterschiede, auf die an der Erdoberfläche ablaufenden Prozesse haben. Wasserbewegungen, die Sonneneinstrahlung sowie die Bodenentwicklung und -erosion werden alle mehr oder minder durch die Form der Landschaftsoberfläche gesteuert. Die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Landschaftsanalyse sind vielfältig: Sie reichen von Studien über Wasserscheiden und Feuchtgebiete über Bodenkunde und Erosionsstudien, Landschafts- und Landnutzungsstudien bis zu geomorphologischer Forschung und regionalen und globalen Ökologiestudien. Darüber hinaus kann die Landschaftsanalyse auch zu meteorologischen Vorhersagen sowie bei Problemen mit TV- oder Radiosignalempfang eingesetzt werden. Dieses Forschungsgebiet hat in Verbindung mit den jüngsten Fortschritten auf dem Gebiet der GIS und GPS eine rasante Entwicklung durchlaufen. In diesem Band werden alle diese neuen Ansätze und Anwendungsbereiche umfassend erläutert. (y05/00)

Author: Aaron Micallef
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319578529
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 554

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This book on the current state of knowledge of submarine geomorphology aims to achieve the goals of the Submarine Geomorphology working group, set up in 2013, by establishing submarine geomorphology as a field of research, disseminating its concepts and techniques among earth scientists and professionals, and encouraging students to develop their skills and knowledge in this field. Editors have invited 30 experts from around the world to contribute chapters to this book, which is divided into 4 sections – (i) Introduction & history, (ii) Data & methods, (ii) Submarine landforms & processes and (iv) Conclusions & future directions. Each chapter provides a review of a topic, establishes the state-of-the-art, identifies the key research questions that need to be addressed, and delineates a strategy on how to achieve this. Submarine geomorphology is a priority for many research institutions, government authorities and industries globally. The book is useful for undergraduate and graduate students, and professionals with limited training in this field.

Author: Malcolm R. Clark
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118332555
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 472

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The deep sea covers over 60% of the surface of the earth, yet less than 1% has been scientifically investigated. There is growing pressure on deep-sea resources and on researchers to deliver information on biodiversity and the effects of human impacts on deep-sea ecosystems. Although scientific knowledge has increased rapidly in recent decades, there exist large gaps in global sampling coverage of the deep sea, and major efforts continue to be directed into offshore research. Biological Sampling in the Deep Sea represents the first comprehensive compilation of deep-sea sampling methodologies for a range of habitats. It reviews the real life applications of current, and in some instances developing, deep-sea sampling tools and techniques. In creating this book the authors have been able to draw upon the experiences of those at the coal face of deep-sea sampling, expanding on the existing methodological texts whilst encompassing a level of technical detail often omitted from journal publications. Ultimately the book will promote international consistency in sampling approaches and data collection, advance the integration of information into global databases, and facilitate improved data analyses and consequently uptake of science results for the management and conservation of the deep-sea environment. The book will appeal to a range of readers, including students, early-career through to seasoned researchers, as well as environmental managers and policy makers wishing to understand how the deep-sea is sampled, the challenges associated with deep survey work, and the type of information that can be obtained.

Author: Brian Jeremy Todd
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 544

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