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Author: Fatma Elgharbi Publisher: Eliva Press ISBN: 9789994986248 Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
β-glucans, are consisting of linear β-D-glucosyl residues linked through β-1,3 and/or β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. The degradation of β-glucans in nature is catalyzed by β-glucanases. These enzymes constitute an important biotechnological aid in reducing the amount of chlorine required for bleaching in pulp and paper industry, the bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials into fermentative products, the improvement of digestibility of animal feedstock and the clarification of juices. β-1,4-Xylans are consisting of a homopolymeric backbone of β-1,4-linked D-xylopyranose units and short side chains. β-1,4-Xylanases are the key enzymes that hydrolyze the backbone structure of β-1,4-xylans to initiate degradation of the complex polysaccharides by microorganisms.These enzymes have attached considerable research interest due to their worldwide commercial applications (textile, paper and pulp, foodstuff, animal feed, pharmaceutical and biofuel production), both alone and in combination with other enzymes. Due to their limited properties, the currently marketed commercial enzymes may not be ideally suitable for industrial applications. Accordingly, there are continuing efforts to search for new sources for the production of enzymes with interesting properties that can be produced in high yields. In recent years, heterologous expression is becoming one of the main tools for the production of industrial enzymes. In this work, microbial glucanases and xylanases were purified, characterized and overexpressed in heterologous systems. The 3D models of some enzymes were generated and discussed. These enzymes have been also tested for their effectiveness in various industrial applications.
Author: Fatma Elgharbi Publisher: Eliva Press ISBN: 9789994986248 Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
β-glucans, are consisting of linear β-D-glucosyl residues linked through β-1,3 and/or β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. The degradation of β-glucans in nature is catalyzed by β-glucanases. These enzymes constitute an important biotechnological aid in reducing the amount of chlorine required for bleaching in pulp and paper industry, the bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials into fermentative products, the improvement of digestibility of animal feedstock and the clarification of juices. β-1,4-Xylans are consisting of a homopolymeric backbone of β-1,4-linked D-xylopyranose units and short side chains. β-1,4-Xylanases are the key enzymes that hydrolyze the backbone structure of β-1,4-xylans to initiate degradation of the complex polysaccharides by microorganisms.These enzymes have attached considerable research interest due to their worldwide commercial applications (textile, paper and pulp, foodstuff, animal feed, pharmaceutical and biofuel production), both alone and in combination with other enzymes. Due to their limited properties, the currently marketed commercial enzymes may not be ideally suitable for industrial applications. Accordingly, there are continuing efforts to search for new sources for the production of enzymes with interesting properties that can be produced in high yields. In recent years, heterologous expression is becoming one of the main tools for the production of industrial enzymes. In this work, microbial glucanases and xylanases were purified, characterized and overexpressed in heterologous systems. The 3D models of some enzymes were generated and discussed. These enzymes have been also tested for their effectiveness in various industrial applications.
Author: N.S. Pradeep Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811964661 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 201
Book Description
This book offers an overview of the current knowledge on beta glucanase enzymes derived from actinobacterial source, their structure, functions and industrial applications. It summarizes the exploitation of actinomycetes, assay methods for beta glucanase screening, structural characterisation, genetic engineering, protein engineering, strategies for purification, characterisation and finally how to synthesize a hybrid enzyme of beta glucanases.Enzyme beta glucanases have considerable interest in industrial biotechnology owing to its distinct effect on the hydrolysis of insoluble beta glucan molecules and applications in particular industrial sectors such as food, feed and beverages industries. The beta glucanases are characterized extensively in microorganisms viz. bacteria, fungi and also in plants. A wide varieties of actinobacterial β- glucanases have exclusively active on β-glucan substrates and cleave the mixed linkage β-glucan chains at different points. This is significant for picking precise substrates for the assay of each type of enzymes within this enzyme groups. The well recognized specificity and mechanism of action within the enormous substrates allow to understand that most of them are varied from cellulases, excluding β-1,4-glucanases. The progress in genetic and protein engineering in actinobacterial beta glucanases improves the stability, activity and thermodynamic properties in relation with industrial relevance. This book will be useful for researchers and students engaged in industrial biotechnology, enzyme production, molecular biology, protein engineering and many more.
Author: Pratima Bajpai Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128010665 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 121
Book Description
Xylanolytic Enzymes describes the enzyme structure and its interaction with plant cell walls, the properties and production of different enzymes and their application, and the knowledge gathered on the hydrolysis mechanism of hemicellulose. The knowledge gathered about the hydrolysis mechanism of the hemicelluloses, especially xylans, has greatly promoted the rapid application of these enzymes in new areas. Recently there has been much industrial interest in xylan and its hydrolytic enzymatic complex, as a supplement and for the manufacturing of food, drinks, textiles, pulps and paper, and ethanol; and in xylitol production as a fermentation substrate for the production of enzymes. This book describes xylan as a major component of plant hemicelluloses. Presents a thorough overview of all aspects of xylanolytic enzymes Gives up-to-date authoritative information and cites pertinent research Includes studies on xylanase regulation and synergistic action between multiple forms of xylanase
Author: Anuj Chandel Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 9535111191 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 288
Book Description
This book provides important aspects of sustainable degradation of lignocellulosic biomass which has a pivotal role for the economic production of several value-added products and biofuels with safe environment. Different pretreatment techniques and enzymatic hydrolysis process along with the characterization of cell wall components have been discussed broadly. The following features of this book attribute its distinctiveness: This book comprehensively covers the improvement in methodologies for the biomass pretreatment, hemicellulose and cellulose breakdown into fermentable sugars, the analytical methods for biomass characterization, and bioconversion of cellulosics into biofuels. In addition, mechanistic analysis of biomass pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis have been discussed in details, highlighting key factors influencing these processes at industrial scale.
Author: Kishan Gopal Ramawat Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783319162973 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This authoritative reference work presents comprehensive information about one of the most important and most wide-spread classes of (bio)organic compounds: the polysaccharides. The comprehensive and thoroughly up-to-date handbook presents the sources, identification, analysis, biosynthesis, biotechnology and applications of important polysaccharides likes starches, cellulose, chitin, gum and microbial polysaccharides. Polysaccharides can exhibit complex structure and various functional activities. These bio macromolecules can therefore serve as raw materials for various different materials, e.g. rayon, cellulose acetate, celluloid and nitrocellulose; and they find multiple applications, for instance as surgical threads (chitin), as sources of energy, dietary fibers, as blood flow adjuvants, in cosmetics, emulsion stabilizers, film formers, binders, viscosity increasing agents or skin conditioning agenta, as food additives in gums, chewing gum bases and as vaccines. Polysaccharides form the basis for useful products, like xanthan gum, dextran, welan gum, gellan gum, diutan gum and pullulan. Some of the polysaccharide-derived products have interesting and useful properties and show biological activities, such as immunomodulatory, antibacterial, anti-mutagenic, radioprotective, anti-oxidative, anti-ulcer, antidepressant, anti-septicaemic or anti-inflammatory activities. All these applications and properties of polysaccharides are for the first time compiled in a thorough and comprehensive overview in the present work. This reference work is organized thematically in four parts: Part I. Polysaccharides: Occurrence, Structure, Distribution and Biotechnology. Part II. Methods. Part III. Bioactive Polysaccharides. Part IV. Polysaccharides as Food. This reference work is edited by experienced experts, all chapters are written by well recognized international specialists. It is useful to all those working in the field of botany, phytochemistry, pharmacy, drug delivery, molecular biology, metabolomics, forestry, environment, conservation, biotechnology and NGOs working for forest protection.
Author: H.B Singh Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0444635106 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 256
Book Description
New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Microbial Genes Biochemistry and Applications consolidates the most widely used genetic methods available, bringing together the fields of biochemistry, biotechnology, and microbiology. The chapters outlined give clear and concise direction on both standard and applied microbial genetic improvements, presenting undergraduates, postgraduates, and researchers with the latest developments in microbial gene technology. In addition, the book describes the background and usefulness of each experiment in question. All chapters covered in the book are derived from current peer-reviewed literature as accepted by the international scientific community. Compiles the latest developments made in the area of microbial gene systems Includes exhaustive information on almost all areas of microbial gene technology Relates microbial engineering and its direct application to the production of many useful compounds Written by an international team of authors and compiled by award winning editors
Author: Ajit Varma Publisher: I. K. International Pvt Ltd ISBN: 8188237310 Category : Microbial biotechnology Languages : en Pages : 353
Book Description
Understanding Microbes is vital to understand the past and the future of mankind and our planet. These are the oldest form of life on the earth. Microbes provide us with oxygen to breathe and food to eat. Without microbes life is impossible on the earth. Microbes cause as well as prevent diseases, hence are highly relevant to medicine and other related health sciences too. Research and biotechnological applications of Microbes is a fascinating field of science and increasingly being seen as a mainstream tenet of biology. The present book focuses on diverse areas of microbial research and provides a wealth of information on the microbial world: biochemistry of the molecules, their functions, syntheses, and regulation activity; microbial genetics, immunology, biotechnology, control of microbial growth, interactions between humans, insects and microorganisms and public health, microbial ecology, terrestrial microbiology, microbiology of waste treatment and so on.
Author: Vijai Kumar Gupta Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319436791 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 345
Book Description
This volume summarizes our current knowledge on different biomass-converting enzymes and their potential use in converting biomass into simple sugar to generate bioenergy and other value added co-/by products. It consists of 13 chapters and is divided into three parts: cellulases; hemicellulases; and lignocellulose oxidoreductases. Written by international experts, the contributions offer clear and concise descriptions of both standard and new technologies. It is an invaluable reference resource for undergraduates, post-graduates, researchers and practitioners in the field of microbial enzymes for biofuel and biorefinery applications.
Author: Ananda S. Amarasekara Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118878426 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 608
Book Description
Comprehensive coverage on the growing science and technologyof producing ethanol from the world's abundant cellulosicbiomass The inevitable decline in petroleum reserves and its impact ongasoline prices, combined with climate change concerns, havecontributed to current interest in renewable fuels. Bioethanol isthe most successful renewable transport fuel—with corn andsugarcane ethanol currently in wide use as blend-in fuels in theUnited States, Brazil, and a few other countries. However, thereare a number of major drawbacks in these first-generation biofuels,such as their effect on food prices, net energy balance, and poorgreenhouse gas mitigation. Alternatively, cellulosic ethanol can beproduced from abundant lignocellulosic biomass forms such asagricultural or municipal wastes, forest residues, fast growingtrees, or grasses grown in marginal lands, and should be produciblein substantial amounts to meet growing global energy demand. The Handbook of Cellulosic Ethanol covers all aspects ofthis new and vital alternative fuel source, providing readers withthe background, scientific theory, and recent research progress inproducing cellulosic ethanol via different biochemical routes, aswell as future directions. The seventeen chapters includeinformation on: Advantages of cellulosic ethanol over first-generation ethanolas a transportation fuel Various biomass feedstocks that can be used to make cellulosicethanol Details of the aqueous phase or cellulolysis route,pretreatment, enzyme or acid saccharification, fermentation,simultaneous saccharification fermentation, consolidatedbioprocessing, genetically modified microorganisms, and yeasts Details of the syngas fermentation or thermochemical route,gasifiers, syngas cleaning, microorganisms for syngas fermentation,and chemical catalysts for syngas-to-ethanol conversion Distillation and dehydration to fuel-grade ethanol Techno-economical aspects and the future of cellulosicethanol Readership Chemical engineers, chemists, and technicians working onrenewable energy and fuels in industry, research institutions, anduniversities. The Handbook can also be used by studentsinterested in biofuels and renewable energy issues.
Author: Fatma Elgharbi
Author: Fatma Elgharbi
Author: Pradeep G. C.
Author: N.S. Pradeep
Author: Pratima Bajpai
Author: Anuj Chandel
Author: Kishan Gopal Ramawat
Author: H.B Singh
Author: Ajit Varma
Author: Vijai Kumar Gupta
Author: Ananda S. Amarasekara