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Author: Yiyun Zhang (S. M.) Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 87
Book Description
Small power devices are of strong interest as many electronics are made more compact. Those portable power sources are widely used in aerospace applications such as small UAVs and satellite thrusters. Typically, these portable devices rely on batteries, but small power generators based on hydrocarbon fuel micro-combustors have much higher energy densities. However, flame instability and extinction are difficult to avoid at small scales. Because of the high surface to volume ratio, significant heat loss and radical quenching at the walls take place. To address this challenge, plasma has shown capabilities in facilitating combustion through thermal, kinetic and transport effects. In this work, a preliminary study of plasma discharge at atmospheric pressure is conducted as the first step to understand Plasma-Assisted Combustion (PAC) at micro scales. Among various electric discharge mechanisms, Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) is chosen due to its ability to generate non-thermal plasma at atmospheric pressure with a simple geometry and a low power consumption. Repetitive Pulsed Nanosecond Discharge (RPND) technique is also studied. It provides repetitive high voltage pulses on the order of 10 - 20 nanoseconds and is a common technique in non-equilibrium plasma generation. A 1D DBD model is constructed for a volume discharge. It couples particle continuity equations with Poisson's equation, and solves for electric field and charged particle number densities. The numerical model is discretized in space and time to obtain charged particles evolution and electric properties. The model is firstly validated with open literature for both AC and RPND, and is then applied to our DBD setup at atmospheric pressure. In addition, a nitrogen (and air) discharge experiment is designed and operated with RPND. Preliminary results show the capability to generate sustainable and uniform plasma at atmospheric pressure. The appearance is that of a uniform glow plasma free of micro-discharges. Several experimental findings help to understand the discharge physics and set a foundation for future applications in micro-scale combustion.
Author: Yiyun Zhang (S. M.) Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 87
Book Description
Small power devices are of strong interest as many electronics are made more compact. Those portable power sources are widely used in aerospace applications such as small UAVs and satellite thrusters. Typically, these portable devices rely on batteries, but small power generators based on hydrocarbon fuel micro-combustors have much higher energy densities. However, flame instability and extinction are difficult to avoid at small scales. Because of the high surface to volume ratio, significant heat loss and radical quenching at the walls take place. To address this challenge, plasma has shown capabilities in facilitating combustion through thermal, kinetic and transport effects. In this work, a preliminary study of plasma discharge at atmospheric pressure is conducted as the first step to understand Plasma-Assisted Combustion (PAC) at micro scales. Among various electric discharge mechanisms, Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) is chosen due to its ability to generate non-thermal plasma at atmospheric pressure with a simple geometry and a low power consumption. Repetitive Pulsed Nanosecond Discharge (RPND) technique is also studied. It provides repetitive high voltage pulses on the order of 10 - 20 nanoseconds and is a common technique in non-equilibrium plasma generation. A 1D DBD model is constructed for a volume discharge. It couples particle continuity equations with Poisson's equation, and solves for electric field and charged particle number densities. The numerical model is discretized in space and time to obtain charged particles evolution and electric properties. The model is firstly validated with open literature for both AC and RPND, and is then applied to our DBD setup at atmospheric pressure. In addition, a nitrogen (and air) discharge experiment is designed and operated with RPND. Preliminary results show the capability to generate sustainable and uniform plasma at atmospheric pressure. The appearance is that of a uniform glow plasma free of micro-discharges. Several experimental findings help to understand the discharge physics and set a foundation for future applications in micro-scale combustion.
Author: Chong Liu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electric fields Languages : en Pages : 316
Book Description
Experimental investigation of nanosecond-pulsed dielectric barrier discharge in atmospheric pressure air and its application for direct liquefaction of natural gas Chong Liu Advisor: Dr. Danil Dobrynin Uniformity of high-pressure discharges, especially those ignited in air, has been a topic of interest for long time. Conventionally, as the applied electric field (voltage) increases, the breakdown mechanism changes from uniform Townsend discharge to non-uniform streamer discharge. The focus of this thesis is based on the hypothesis that with application of significant over-voltages, i.e., fast rising pulsed electric fields that allow production of electron density suitable for avalanche-streamer transition significantly before the discharge gap is bridged, may result in development of spatially uniform plasma. This study is devoted to testing this hypothesis and characterization of atmospheric air conventional DBD and DBD ignited under over-voltage conditions. The goals of this thesis are to understand the physics and chemistry of nanosecond pulsed DBD in atmospheric pressure gases, and especially atmospheric air, using experimental techniques, to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize the uniform operating regime of atmospheric pressure DBD, and to evaluate its potential applications. In this thesis, fast imaging of the discharge development on nanosecond time scales in atmospheric air was performed, and transition of DBD from streamer to uniform "overvoltage" mode was shown. A quantitative method was developed for analysis of the discharge uniformity. A nanosecond-pulsed dielectric barrier discharge ignited in atmospheric air was studied by optical emission spectroscopy to investigate the time and space-resolved development of the reduced electric field. The discharge temperature and chemistry were studied as well. The major results obtained in this work can be summarized as follows: 0́Ø It is shown that the discharge operates in two distinctively different modes which appear as "uniform" and "non-uniform" regimes. Qualitative uniformity analysis of the discharge images is performed using chi-square test. 0́Ø It is shown that measured maximum local electric field in the discharge is in a good agreement with these modes. We hypothesize that these results can be qualitatively explained by the absence of individual streamers in the uniform mode due to their overlapping and corresponding decrease of the maximum local electric field to the value of average electric field if the discharge. Due to a strong coupling between discharge physics, and reduced electric field in particular, and plasma chemistry (which in turn determines applications of plasmas), possibility of controlling discharge basic parameters together with its uniformity by simply changing applied voltage or distance between electrodes offers unique and exciting opportunities in a wide range of applications, from treatment of biological tissues to energy applications. The possibility of its application on direct liquefaction of natural gas is investigated as a potential application based on the findings.
Author: Tao Shao Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9819911419 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1028
Book Description
This book highlights the latest progress in pulsed discharge plasmas presented by front-line researchers worldwide. The science and technology surrounding pulsed discharge plasmas is advanced through a wide scope of interdisciplinary studies into pulsed power and plasma physics. Pulsed discharge plasmas with high-power density, high E/N and high-energy electrons can effectively generate highly reactive plasma. Related applications have gathered strong interests in various fields. With contributions from global scientists, the book elaborates on the theories, numerical simulations, diagnostic methods, discharge characteristics and application technologies of pulsed discharge plasmas. The book is divided into three parts with a total of 35 chapters, including 11 chapters on pulsed discharge generation and mechanism, 12 chapters on pulsed discharge characterization and 12 chapters on pulsed discharge applications (wastewater treatments, biomedicine, surface modification, and energy conversion, etc). The book is a must-have reference for researchers and engineers in related fields and graduate students interested in the subject.
Author: Paul K. Chu Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1466509902 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 497
Book Description
Written by a team of pioneering scientists from around the world, Low Temperature Plasma Technology: Methods and Applications brings together recent technological advances and research in the rapidly growing field of low temperature plasmas. The book provides a comprehensive overview of related phenomena such as plasma bullets, plasma penetration into biofilms, discharge-mode transition of atmospheric pressure plasmas, and self-organization of microdischarges. It describes relevant technology and diagnostics, including nanosecond pulsed discharge, cavity ringdown spectroscopy, and laser-induced fluorescence measurement, and explores the increasing research on atmospheric pressure nonequilibrium plasma jets. The authors also discuss how low temperature plasmas are used in the synthesis of nanomaterials, environmental applications, the treatment of biomaterials, and plasma medicine. This book provides a balanced and thorough treatment of the core principles, novel technology and diagnostics, and state-of-the-art applications of low temperature plasmas. It is accessible to scientists and graduate students in low-pressure plasma physics, nanotechnology, plasma medicine, and materials science. The book is also suitable as an advanced reference for senior undergraduate students.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Abstract: In this paper, we study the characteristics of atmospheric-pressure pulsed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) under the needle-plate electrode configuration using a one-dimensional self-consistent fluid model. The results show that, the DBDs driven by positive pulse, negative pulse and bipolar pulse possess different behaviors. Moreover, the two discharges appearing at the rising and the falling phases of per voltage pulse also have different discharge regimes. For the case of the positive pulse, the breakdown field is much lower than that of the negative pulse, and its propagation characteristic is different from the negative pulse DBD. When the DBD is driven by a bipolar pulse voltage, there exists the interaction between the positive and negative pulses, resulting in the decrease of the breakdown field of the negative pulse DBD and causing the change of the discharge behaviors. In addition, the effects of the discharge parameters on the behaviors of pulsed DBD in the needle-plate electrode configuration are also studied.
Author: J. Leon Shohet Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351204939 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 3082
Book Description
Technical plasmas have a wide range of industrial applications. The Encyclopedia of Plasma Technology covers all aspects of plasma technology from the fundamentals to a range of applications across a large number of industries and disciplines. Topics covered include nanotechnology, solar cell technology, biomedical and clinical applications, electronic materials, sustainability, and clean technologies. The book bridges materials science, industrial chemistry, physics, and engineering, making it a must have for researchers in industry and academia, as well as those working on application-oriented plasma technologies. Also Available Online This Taylor & Francis encyclopedia is also available through online subscription, offering a variety of extra benefits for researchers, students, and librarians, including: Citation tracking and alerts Active reference linking Saved searches and marked lists HTML and PDF format options Contact Taylor and Francis for more information or to inquire about subscription options and print/online combination packages. US: (Tel) 1.888.318.2367; (E-mail) [email protected] International: (Tel) +44 (0) 20 7017 6062; (E-mail) [email protected]
Author: Jian Li Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 981990451X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1411
Book Description
This book gathers outstanding papers presented at the 17th Annual Conference of China Electrotechnical Society, organized by China Electrotechnical Society (CES), held in Beijing, China, from September 17 to 18, 2022. It covers topics such as electrical technology, power systems, electromagnetic emission technology, and electrical equipment. It introduces the innovative solutions that combine ideas from multiple disciplines. The book is very much helpful and useful for the researchers, engineers, practitioners, research students, and interested readers.
Author: Lanbo Di Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3039286544 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 234
Book Description
The Special Issue “Plasma for Energy and Catalytic Nanomaterials” highlights the recent progress and advancements in the synthesis and applications of energy and catalytic nanomaterials by plasma. Compared with conventional preparation methods, plasma provides a fast, facile, and environmentally friendly method for synthesizing highly efficient nanomaterials. The synthesized nanomaterials generally show enhanced metal–support interactions, small-sized metal nanoparticles, specific metal structures, and abundant oxygen vacancies. The plasma method allows thermodynamically and dynamically difficult reactions to proceed at low temperatures due to the activation of energetic electrons. Despite the growing interest in plasma for energy and catalytic nanomaterials, the synthesis mechanisms of nanomaterials using plasma still remain obscure due to the complicated physical and chemical reactions that occur during plasma preparation. The Guest Editors and the MDPI staff are therefore pleased to offer this Special Issue to interested reader, including graduate and Ph.D. students, postdoctoral researchers, and the entire community interested in the field of nanomaterials. We share the conviction that the Issue can serve as a useful tool for updating the literature and to aid with the conception of new production and/or research programs. Further dedicated R&D advances are possible based on new instruments and materials under development.
Author: XinPei Lu Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0429620721 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
Nonequilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma jets (N-APPJs) generate plasma in open space rather than in a confined chamber and can be utilized for applications in medicine. This book provides a complete introduction to this fast-emerging field, from the fundamental physics, to experimental approaches, to plasma and reactive species diagnostics. It provides an overview of the development of a wide range of plasma jet devices and their fundamental mechanisms. The book concludes with a discussion of the exciting application of plasmas for cancer treatment. The book provides details on experimental methods including expert tips and caveats. covers novel devices driven by various power sources and the impact of operating conditions on concentrations and fluxes of the reactive species. discusses the latest advances including theory, modeling, and simulation approaches. gives an introduction, overview and details on state of the art diagnostics of small scale high gradient atmospheric pressure plasmas. covers the use of N-APPJs for cancer applications, including discussion of destruction of cancer cells, mechanisms of action, and selectivity studies. XinPei Lu is a Chair Professor in the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Stephan Reuter is currently Visiting Professor at Université Paris-Saclay. In a recent Alexander von Humboldt research fellowship at Princeton University, he performed ultrafast laser spectroscopy on cold plasmas. Mounir Laroussi is Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering and director of the Plasma Engineering and Medicine Institute at Old Dominion University. He is a Fellow of IEEE and recipient of an IEEE Merit Award. DaWei Liu is Professor in the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
Author: NN Misra Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 012801489X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 382
Book Description
Cold Plasma in Food and Agriculture: Fundamentals and Applications is an essential reference offering a broad perspective on a new, exciting, and growing field for the food industry. Written for researchers, industry personnel, and students interested in nonthermal food technology, this reference will lay the groundwork of plasma physics, chemistry, and technology, and their biological applications. Food scientists and food engineers interested in understanding the theory and application of nonthermal plasma for food will find this book valuable because it provides a roadmap for future developments in this emerging field. This reference is also useful for biologists, chemists, and physicists who wish to understand the fundamentals of plasma physics, chemistry, and technology and their biological interactions through applying novel plasma sources to food and other sensitive biomaterials. Examines the topic of cold plasma technology for food applications Demonstrates state-of-the-art developments in plasma technology and potential solutions to improve food safety and quality Presents a solid introduction for readers on the topics of plasma physics and chemistry that are required to understand biological applications for foods Serves as a roadmap for future developments for food scientists, food engineers, and biologists, chemists, and physicists working in this emerging field
Author: Yiyun Zhang (S. M.)
Author: Yiyun Zhang (S. M.)
Author: Chong Liu
Author: Tao Shao
Author: Paul K. Chu
Author: 
Author: J. Leon Shohet
Author: Jian Li
Author: Lanbo Di 
Author: XinPei Lu
Author: NN Misra