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Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309183642 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 135
Book Description
The Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Roundtable on Research and Development of Drugs, Biologics, and Medical Devices evolved from the Forum on Drug Development, which was established in 1986. Sponsor representatives and IOM determined the importance of maintaining a neutral setting for discussions regarding long-term and politically sensitive issues justified the need to revise and enhance past efforts. The new Roundtable is intended to be a mechanism by which a broad group of experts from the public* and private sectors can be convened to conduct a dialogue and exchange information related to the development of drugs, biologics, and medical devices. Members have expertise in clinical medicine, pediatrics, clinical pharmacology, health policy, health insurance, industrial management, and product development; and they represent interests that address all facets of public policy issues. From time to time, the Roundtable requests that a workshop be conducted for the purpose of exploring a specific topic in detail and obtaining the views of additional experts. The first workshop for the Roundtable was held on April 14 and 15, 1998, and was entitled Assuring Data Quality and Validity in Clinical Trials for Regulatory Decision Making. The summary on that workshop is available from IOM. This workshop summary covers the second workshop, which was held on May 24 and 25, 1999, and which was aimed at facilitating the development and proper use of drugs, biologics, and medical devices for infants and children. It explores the scientific underpinnings and clinical needs, as well as the regulatory, legal, and ethical issues, raised by this area of research and development.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309183642 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 135
Book Description
The Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Roundtable on Research and Development of Drugs, Biologics, and Medical Devices evolved from the Forum on Drug Development, which was established in 1986. Sponsor representatives and IOM determined the importance of maintaining a neutral setting for discussions regarding long-term and politically sensitive issues justified the need to revise and enhance past efforts. The new Roundtable is intended to be a mechanism by which a broad group of experts from the public* and private sectors can be convened to conduct a dialogue and exchange information related to the development of drugs, biologics, and medical devices. Members have expertise in clinical medicine, pediatrics, clinical pharmacology, health policy, health insurance, industrial management, and product development; and they represent interests that address all facets of public policy issues. From time to time, the Roundtable requests that a workshop be conducted for the purpose of exploring a specific topic in detail and obtaining the views of additional experts. The first workshop for the Roundtable was held on April 14 and 15, 1998, and was entitled Assuring Data Quality and Validity in Clinical Trials for Regulatory Decision Making. The summary on that workshop is available from IOM. This workshop summary covers the second workshop, which was held on May 24 and 25, 1999, and which was aimed at facilitating the development and proper use of drugs, biologics, and medical devices for infants and children. It explores the scientific underpinnings and clinical needs, as well as the regulatory, legal, and ethical issues, raised by this area of research and development.
Author: Gerald Huether Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461547091 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 824
Book Description
This volume contains the proceedings of the Ninth Meeting of the "International Study Group for Tryptophan Research" (lSTRY), held at the University of Hamburg, Germany, from October 10 to 14, 1998. At this meeting the recent developments in the field of tryptophan research were presented by leading researchers from all over the world in 81 oral and 48 poster contri butions. Research on tryptophan and its derivatives provides an inexhaustible subject. At the conference we tried to compose a multifacetted picture of the recent investiga tions through contributions from the major disciplines involved. Thus, we tried to strike a balance between basic research topics and clinical, nutritional or industrial applica tions. We offered workshops on tryptophan (in sleep and mood), melatonjn, IDO-acti vation and the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS) as a platform for intensive discussion for the participants. In these proceedings many contributions are multidisciplinary and have practical or theoretical implications for different research fields. Hence, we have organized this volume in nine main chapters according to basic disciplines and subjects. We are aware that this classification is artificial, but we hope that it is the best compromise for contributors and readers.
Author: Shaul Massry Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461342171 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 611
Book Description
We present to our readers the proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Phosphate. A short account of the history of the effort led to the Phosphate Workshops is appro priate and can be of interest to the reader. The idea for Phosphate Workshops was born in the early days of November, 1974. One of us (S. G. M. ) suggested the thought to a group of scientists gathered for a luncheon in one of the attrac tive small restaurants in Weisbaden, Germany. The purpose of the workshop was to bring together interested scientists to discuss the newer developments and the recent advances in the field of phosphate metabolism and the other related minerals. An Organizing Committee made of Shaul G. Massry (USA), Louis V. Avioli (USA), Philippe Bordier (France), Herbert Fleisch (Switzerland), and Eduardo Slatopolsky (USA) was formed. The First Workshop was held in Paris during June 5-6, 1975 and was hosted by Dr. Philippe Bordier. Its proceeding was already published. The Second Workshop took place in Heidelberg during June 28-30, 1976 and was hosted by Dr. Eberhard Ritz. Both of these workshops were extremely successful scientific endeavors, and the need for them was demonstrated by the great interest they generated among the scientific community. The Or ganizing Committee, therefore, decided to continue with the tradi tion to hold additional Workshops annually or every other year.
Author: B. Koletzko Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers ISBN: 3318026417 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 328
Book Description
Improved conditions of care for premature infants have led to markedly increased survival rates over the last few decades, particularly in very low and extremely low birth weight infants. Nutritional measures play a central role in the long-term outcome, health and quality of life of these premature infants. In this publication, leading experts from all 5 continents present the most recent evidence and critical analyses of nutrient requirements and the practice of nutritional care (with the focus on very low birth weight infants) to provide guidance for clinical application. After the introductory chapters, covering nutritional needs and research evidence in a more general manner, topics such as amino acids and proteins, lipids, microminerals and vitamins, parenteral and enteral nutrition as well as approaches to various disease conditions are addressed. Due to its focus on critical appraisals and recommendations, this book is of interest not only for the researcher who wants to keep up to date, but also for the clinician faced with premature infants in his practice.
Author: Richard M. Cowett Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1468404008 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 792
Book Description
Over the last quarter century or so, specialization within obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics has resulted in the development of the disciplines of maternal-fetal medicine and neonatology, respectively. A primary focus of maternal-fetal medicine has been to understand the mechanism(s) of premature delivery and develop treatment modalities for improving the length of gestation. A primary focus of neonatology has been to under stand the causes of respiratory distress in the neonate. Success has resulted, not only in the lengthening of gestation, but an improved understanding of the causes and treatment of neonatal respiratory disease. With increasing success has come the necessity to under stand the metabolic principles of the parturient, the fetal/placenta unit, and the neonate. These principles are clearly very important from multiple aspects. Increased understand ing of metabolism of the pregnant woman would explain the aberrations occurring in normal and abnormal pregnancy and improve nutritional support for the parturient. A prime example of altered metabolism is the parturient with diabetes. Understanding metabolism ofthe fetal/placenta unit is necessary to increase the probability that the fetus will be born appropriate for size irrespective of the gestational age. The various compo nents of neonatal metabolism are important, not only for understanding the changes in physiology and biochemistry occurring in the developing neonate, but the principles by which nutritional support should be provided.
Author: Stephen W. Schaffer Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1489901175 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 510
Book Description
Proceedings of the International Taurine Symposium '97: Neurochemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology held in Tucson, Arizona, July 15-19, 1997
Author: Michael E. Symonds Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 0521887097 Category : Family & Relationships Languages : en Pages : 217
Book Description
With the aim to improve clinicians' understanding of the important effects nutrition can have on maternal health and fetal and neonatal development, Maternal-Fetal Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation defines the nutritional requirements with regard to the stage of development and growth, placing scientific developments into clinical context.
Author: P.C. Calder Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers ISBN: 3318027537 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 188
Book Description
Lipids have been in clinical use as components of intravenous nutrition for over 50 years. Over the last 15 years, new and improved lipids that include olive oil and/or fish oil have replaced the more traditional ones. These new lipids offer the opportunity to deliver high amounts of fatty acids and possess different functional properties: in particular, they can influence inflammatory processes, immune responses and hepatic metabolism. This book brings together articles written by leading international authorities in the area of intravenous lipids. Contributions discuss the latest findings in the field, ranging from pre-clinical research to the most recent clinical trials. Lipid functionality and utility in pediatric, adult surgical and critically ill patients are covered, as is the use of lipids in long-term home parenteral nutrition. Addressing a broad spectrum of topics, this publication provides a wealth of information for basic scientists, clinical researchers and clinical practitioners alike.
Author: Lindsay Allen Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1489925759 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 300
Book Description
Almost every aspect of energy and nutrient metabolism is altered by hormonal and other physiological changes during pregnancy and lactation. While it is evident that hormonal adjustments affect nutrient requirements, these are rarely considered when nutrient recommen dations are made for pregnant or lactating women, and often neglected during evaluation of nutritional status. In addition, changes in nutrient metabolism during the stages of pregnancy and oflactation are usually considered separately, while in reality events during pregnancy can have a major influence on nutritional status and nutrient requirements during lactation. The purpose of this volume is to describe changes in the metabolism of important nutrients during pregnancy and lactation, including the physiological basis for these changes and their implications for nutrient requirements and assessment. Authors have considered such issues as inter-relationships between endocrine changes and nutrient metabolism at the tissue, cellular and molecular level; alterations in nutrient binding proteins; the efficiency of nutrient absorp tion and retention; and the impact on maternal as well as fetal nutritional status. Another unique aspect of this book is the focus on pregnancy and lactation as a continuum.
Author: Jacques Rigo Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers ISBN: 3805580819 Category : Family & Relationships Languages : en Pages : 245
Book Description
In this volume, world-renowned specialists review the latest scientific information and recommendations for protein and energy requirements of infants and children. New data obtained with the latest techniques show significantly lower requirements for both energy and protein than previously thought. This will have far-reaching implications for nutrition and health, not only during infancy and childhood, but also for long-term health outcomes, such as obesity and related disorders. Indeed for the latest generation of some infant formulas, many of the new nutrition concepts presented in this volume (especially those concerning protein level and quality) have already been translated into clinically tested products that are coming ever closer to the "gold standard" human milk, not only in terms of composition, but also of outcome. The important public health implications of the information reviewed in this volume provide essential reading for pediatricians, clinical investigators and health workers engaged in the prevention of nutrition-related disorders.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Gerald Huether
Author: Shaul Massry
Author: B. Koletzko
Author: Richard M. Cowett
Author: Stephen W. Schaffer
Author: Michael E. Symonds
Author: P.C. Calder
Author: Lindsay Allen
Author: Jacques Rigo